Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal最新文献

{"title":"The Mobile Phone in Governance for Environmental Sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"S. Asongu, R. Nting","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3852019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3852019","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeIn this study, we assess how the mobile phone can be leveraged upon to improve the role of governance in environmental sustainability in 44 Sub-Saharan African countries.Design/methodology/approachThe Generalised Method of Moments is used to establish policy thresholds. A threshold is a critical mass or level of mobile phone penetration at which the net effect of governance on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions changes from positive to negative.FindingsMobile phone penetration thresholds associated with negative conditional effects are: 36 (per 100 people) for political stability/no violence; 130 (per 100 people) for regulation quality; 146.66 (per 100 people) for government effectiveness; 65 (per 100 people) for corruption-control and 130 (per 100 people) for the rule of law. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.Originality/valueThe study provides thresholds of mobile phone penetration that are critical in complementing governance dynamics to reduce CO2 emissions.","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133592074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Training and Development on Organizational Effectiveness","authors":"Nechirwan Burhan Ismael, Baban Jabbar Othman, B. Gardi, Pshdar Abdalla Hamza, Sarhang Sorguli, Hassan Mahmood Aziz, Shahla ALI AHMED, Bawan Yassin Sabir, B. Ali, G. Anwar","doi":"10.22161/IJEBM.5.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/IJEBM.5.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between training and development with organizational effectiveness. The research data is collected by developing questionnaire, the research is of qualitative method which tends to address the quality of things in a depth rather than numerical data about the questionnaire , its composed of two parts, the first one interested in collecting personal data, which the second section is shining light on the areas of (training, development and organization effectiveness) the sample were both male and female The researcher had collected the data at private universities by using a random sample , 120 questioners were delivered to different levels of employee at private universities and 102 of them responded to it , the analysis was undertaken by using SPSS. In this study, the researchers tried to shine a light on the training and development and how they can affect effectiveness of an organization for which the researchers decided to choose private universities to distribute my questionnaire and receiving them after they have filled it. the first research question that the researchers have found there is relationship between training and development and also the second research question that the researchers have found that there a direct impact of development programs on the organizational effectiveness and its progress and development is essential for an effective organization.","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126614230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Situation on the Crude Oil Market in Q1 2021","authors":"A. Kaukin, E. Miller","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3843928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3843928","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main factors behind the reduction in oil supply and, consequently, the<br>increase in oil prices in Q1 2021 was the voluntary decision of Saudi Arabia under<br>the OPEC+ agreement to further reduce its production by 1 mbpd. This fact resulted<br>in a record overall conformity with the original decision, which came to 115% in February 2021. A potential risk factor for the oil prices dynamic is the decision taken at the 15th OPEC+ meeting to raise production targets in Q2 2021, coupled with a rapid increase in the number of coronavirus cases reported in Asian countries.","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121471356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Direct Employment Impact of Public Investment","authors":"Marian W. Moszoro","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3849249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3849249","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluate the direct employment effect of the public investment in key infrastructure—electricity, roads, schools and hospitals, and water and sanitation. Using rich firm-level panel data from 41 countries over 19 years, we estimate that US$1 million of public spending in infrastructure create 3–7 jobs in advanced economies, 10–17 jobs in emerging market economies, and 16–30 jobs in low-income developing countries. As a comparison, US$1 million public spending on R&amp;D yields 5–11 jobs in R&amp;D in OECD countries. Green investment and investment with a larger R&amp;D component deliver higher employment effect. Overall, we estimate that one percent of global GDP in public investment can create more than seven million jobs worldwide through its direct employment effects alone.<br>","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124670864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foreign Trade, Education and Innovative Performance: A Multilevel Analysis","authors":"A. Aysan, Dilek Demirbas, Luis Carlos Castillo-Téllez, Mustafa Disli","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3936429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3936429","url":null,"abstract":"This research analyses the innovative performance of 5273 companies across 64 different economic sectors and 32 different regions in Colombia. We assess the different effects on the innovative performance of firms by analyzing firm, sector, and regional level determinants. The study involves the multilevel approach of the innovation process considering the structure and behavior of innovation systems in developing countries. We furthermore focus on technology transfer from foreign trade and the role of education in the process of innovation. We find that education and open economy variables have a significant relationship with innovation performance at the firm and regional levels.","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114457163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer Preference for Durability and Energy Efficiency: Welfare Analysis of Light Bulb Market","authors":"T. Fukasawa","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3839998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3839998","url":null,"abstract":"Durability is the pivotal component of durable goods. Durability not only induces demand dynamics through the change in the stock of products, but also affect the product choice of consumers. Furthermore, durability of products affect the long-run profits of firms. This paper specifies a dynamic structural model of consumer demand for durability by explicitly accounting for the failure of products. I estimate the model on the light bulb market using aggregated data in Japan. The structural model is applicable to study the issues related to durability, which has not been fully investigated yet. Using the structural model, I quantitatively evaluate the welfare consequence of light bulb ban, which prohibited the production of energy-inefficient incandescent bulbs. The results show that banning products is economically inefficient in the case of light bulb market, because of the lack of close substitutes for the banned products. Applying tax-subsidy scheme is more desirable. The structural model is also applied to empirically validate the relationship between market structure and firms' durability choice, which has been intensively studied in theoretical literature since the work of Swan. I build a theoretical model generalizing Swan's model, and simulate based on the structural model. The results show that the effect of market structure on products' durability is ambiguous.","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130699224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raise Trucking Insurance Minimums to Raise Safety","authors":"Aaj Research","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3878344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3878344","url":null,"abstract":"The rate of truck crashes and fatalities has more than doubled over the last 10 years. The minimum levels of insurance were set in 1980, have not changed in 41 years, and are now completely inadequate. Trucking insurance is decreasing in cost and makes up only around 4% of operating costs. Raising insurance minimums will not only better compensate crash victims but also allow insurance to function properly and provide an economic incentive for companies to operate safely.","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133174764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Peer Effects in Government Contracting","authors":"Jason Damm, David Javakhadze, C. He","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3916524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3916524","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the extent to which peer effects explain corporate government contracting. From the observational learning perspective, managers rationally mimic the behavior of peer firms to benefit shareholders. Using a sample of U.S. firms for the period 2002-2017, we provide the first direct empirical evidence of peer effects in the procurement of government contracts. Peer firms also influence the appeal for sweetheart provisions included in awarded contracts. Finally, peer-effects-induced government contracting matters for investment efficiency and long-term performance. Our results are robust to adjustments for possible endogeneity.","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123647282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paper Series VIII – Netting","authors":"Ikemefuna Stephen Nwoye","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3836552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3836552","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing sophistication of the global financial markets, comes the need for domestic financial markets to develop their architecture and infrastructures to support requisite advancement as well as align with international standards, thus the enactment of new companies’ legislation and other financial legislation that will position Nigeria and its capital markets at par with its international counterparts. This paper examines the provisions of the Act on Netting and the enforceability of netting agreements and other qualified financial contracts.","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121637439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reforming Connecticut’s Education Aid Formula to Achieve Equity and Adequacy across School Districts","authors":"Bo Zhao","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3832305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3832305","url":null,"abstract":"Connecticut’s public K–12 education system relies heavily on local funding, resulting in substantial disparities between affluent districts and low-income districts with a large proportion of socioeconomically disadvantaged students who are more costly to educate. Despite recent improvements, the existing state aid formula has been criticized for failing to provide sufficient funding to districts with the fewest resources and the highest education costs. To help improve state aid distribution, this report estimates a “cost-capacity gap,” which measures the difference between a district’s education cost and revenue capacity and uses it as an indicator of the district’s need for state education aid. The report proposes a series of state aid formulas based on the gap measure that Connecticut policymakers may use to improve equity and adequacy in education funding. Through rigorous statistical analysis of recent data, this report measures each school district’s education cost and revenue capacity based on factors that are outside the direct control of local officials at any given point in time. The cost factors include, among others, the percentage of school-age children from families living in poverty and the percentage of students living in single-parent or non-family households. The revenue capacity estimate for each district is based mostly on taxable property wealth. The analysis shows large disparities in the cost-capacity gap across the state. While districts with larger gaps, on average, receive more per-pupil state aid under the current formula compared with smaller-gap districts, the largest-gap districts still receive less aid than they need to close their cost-capacity gaps. As a result, inequity and inadequacy remain in the state’s education finance system. The policy simulations show that the gap-based formulas introduced in this report address funding inequity and inadequacy more effectively than the existing formula does. Some of these new formulas incorporate tools intended to enhance their appeal to state legislators whose communities do not have large cost-capacity gaps. These tools include minimum and maximum levels of per-pupil state aid and a hold-harmless provision. However, a gap-based formula that contains any of these tools would fail to fully eliminate funding inequity and inadequacy and require a larger state aid pool than would be needed otherwise.","PeriodicalId":149553,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy - Development: Public Service Delivery eJournal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133512299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}