Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"Determination of Inorganic Antimony Species Conversions during Its Speciation Analysis in Soil Using Isotope Dilution Techniques","authors":"Sameer Amereih, T. Meisel, Zaher Barghouthi, W. Wegscheider","doi":"10.4236/JASMI.2013.32016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JASMI.2013.32016","url":null,"abstract":"A new method was developed in this work to account for inorganic Sb species interconversion during soil sample preparation and subsequent separation steps. The Sb(III) and Sb(V) concentrations at each investigated step in the analytical procedure were determined using species specific spikes (121Sb(III) with 81.18% and 123Sb(V) with 74.04% enrichment). The spiking of these enriched isotopes species solutions was done separately before soil sample extraction and before HPLC separation. Simply by subtracting the final concentration of each species done by on-line isotope dilution (ID) from its concentration at different stages of the analytical procedure done by species specific ID, the influence of each step on species transformation can be estimated. After optimization, the extraction procedure for inorganic Sb species 6% Sb(III) (1.3 RSD, n = 3) and 43.2% Sb(V) (2.9% RSD, n = 3) as percent of total Sb were detected in the examined soil sample using online ID. Using the above described methodology we found that there was no reduction of Sb(V) to Sb(III) during sample preparation or species separation. While about 9.3% of extractable Sb (4.6% of total) was converted from Sb(III) to Sb(V) during the extraction step, no conversion during HPLC separation step was observed. By compensating for Sb(III) transformation during the sample preparation step; the extractable Sb(III) and Sb(V) as percent of total Sb yielded 10.6% and 38.7%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"1 1","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83550611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Metal Tag for Highly Selective and Sensitive Analyses of Amino Acids and Dipeptides by HPLC/ICP-MS","authors":"Daigo Iwahata, Kazuki Nakamura, R. Yamada, H. Miyano, N. Yamada","doi":"10.4236/JASMI.2013.32010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JASMI.2013.32010","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a novel metal tag, bis(ethylenediamine)-4'-methyl-4-carboxybipyridine-ruthenium N-succinimidyl ester (ECRS) for sensitive analysis of amino acids using high performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC/ICP-MS). ECRS is a functional reagent, containing an ester group at one end that can be activated to bind to amino group and a chelated ruthenium at the other. The activated ester was reacted briefly with amino groups under weakly alkaline conditions. The ruthenium was detected sensitively by ICP-MS. ECRS was reacted with 17 proteinogenic amino acids in borate buffer. The derivatives were separated by reversed phase HPLC and identified by quadrupole-based ICP-MS. ECRS was suitable for speciation; low molecular weight compounds containing amino groups. We have thus established a quantitative analytical method for amino acids and dipeptides. The detection limits of branched amino acids (signal-to-noise ratio of 3) were 1.5 nmol·L-1 in the standard solution (100 amol per injection).","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"4 1","pages":"80-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81896462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Optical Methods in Blood Studies upon Evaluation of Severity Rate of Diffuse Liver Pathology","authors":"M. Kruchinina, M. Voevoda, S. Peltek, S. Kurilovich, A. Gromov, V. Kruchinin, S. Rykhlitsky, V. Volodin, V. Generalov","doi":"10.4236/JASMI.2013.32014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JASMI.2013.32014","url":null,"abstract":"Possible early diagnostic application of optical methods (dielectrophoresis, spectral and imaging ellipsometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy) in studies of red blood cells and serum of patients with diffuse liver disease with varying degrees of fibrosis has been evaluated. Application of combined optical methods was confirmed to significantly improve the performance of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy index as well as to achieve the reliable results in diagnosis of both severe fibrosis and slight ulterior liver fibrosis. Identified diagnostic potential of optical methods can be effectively utilized in noninvasive screening evaluation of stages of diffuse liver disease of various geneses.","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"19 1","pages":"115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79746666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Registration of the Degree of the Voluntariness and Involuntariness (of the Chaos) in Biomedical Systems","authors":"V. Eskov, A. Khadartsev, V. Eskov, O. Filatova","doi":"10.4236/JASMI.2013.32008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JASMI.2013.32008","url":null,"abstract":"What does it mean: certainty and uncertainty, chaos and order? The understanding of such definition and real interpretation of chaotic behavior the third type of systems in nature was presented. The practical realization of different medical problems was presented too.","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"123 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84346581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Molecular Diagnostics and Treatment of Heart Muscle Diseases","authors":"D. Lassner, Christine S. Siegismund, J. Stehr, M. Rohde, F. Escher, C. Tschöpe, U. Gross, U. Kühl, H. Schultheiss","doi":"10.4236/JASMI.2013.32012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JASMI.2013.32012","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiomyopathies are acute or chronic disorders of myocardium. Diagnostic characterization of disease entities demands endomyocardial biopsy analyses with histological, immunohistochemical and molecular biological tissue evaluations to establish a final diagnosis. Only such biopsy-based information allows so far a specific treatment of distinct cardiomyopathy subgroups. In order to reduce sampling error, tissue specimens have to be obtained and analyzed to get clinically relevant data for specific treatment options. Specific gene expression and microRNA (miRNAs) profiles as well as genetic markers add additional valuable information which not only reduce the sampling error but also improve patient management. Advantages of such biomarkers result from their general expression within the entire altered myocardium. Thus, obtained information does not depend on small tissue areas reached by biopsy. This very fact allows prediction of a myocardial infection even in virus-negative areas adjoining positive biopsy specimen. The combination of multiple deregulated miRNAs or genes into one disease specific diagnostic profile demands the integration of new profiling technologies in the routine workflows of cardiological laboratories. In future, multiplex approaches allowing rapid and absolutely reliable identification of inflammatory or virally-induced myocardial diseases will replace singleplex methods such as direct detection of viral genomes in one single biopsy. miRNAs are stable biomarkers which are not only detectable in tissue samples but also in body fluids. Consequently, the determination of distinct miRNA patterns in e.g. peripheral blood samples will provide a systemic diagnostic approach for the characterization of distinct cardiomyopathies by means of non-invasive methods. This will reduce the number of undiagnosed patients who have to undergo endomyocardial biopsy for final confirmation of their myocardial complaints. The resulting molecular diagnostics will pave the way from biopsy focused interpretation to systemic analysis of cardiomyopathies. To reach this goal, the set-up of modern diagnostics harks back to the broad portfolio of high-end analytical techniques and tools.","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"58 1","pages":"98-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73816472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elasticity Mapping Analysis of Apical Cell Periphery Actin Structures of Normal Fibroblasts and Cervical Cancer Cells","authors":"T. Kihara, Takuji Yoshida, Seyed Mohammad Ali Haghparast, J. Miyake","doi":"10.4236/JASMI.2013.32015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JASMI.2013.32015","url":null,"abstract":"The cell mechanical features are largely regulated by actin cytokeleton. By analyzing the mechanical features, it is possible to evaluate the characteristics of the complicated actin cytoskeleton in diverse cell types. In this study, we examined the sub-membrane mechanical structures of normal fibroblasts TIG-1 cells, and cervical cancer Hela cells using local elasticity mapping method of atomic force microscope. Especially we aimed at clarifying the regulatory mechanisms of sub-membrane actin structures in these cells by activation of actomyosin formation using calyculin A. This technique revealed that TIG-1 and Hela cells bore clearly different sub-membrane mechanical structures. TIG-1 cells had aligned stiff filamentous structures, whereas Hela cells had crooked and relatively soft filaments. The surface stiffness of TIG-1 cells increased slightly by actomyosin formation due to stiffness increase of the aligned filamentous structures. On the other hand, the surface stiffness of Hela cells increased by actomyosin formation due to upregulation of the apical actin filaments. Therefore, the structural and regulatory differences of the apical actin filaments could be demonstrated by atomic force microscopy elasticity mapping analysis.","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"20 1","pages":"124-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80915287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voltammetric Method Using Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for the Determination of Terbutaline Sulfate in Pork Sample","authors":"W. Xu, Rulin Lei, Wenying Cao, Chunhui Guo, Xiuhua Zhang, Shengfu Wang","doi":"10.4236/JASMI.2013.32009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JASMI.2013.32009","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical properties of terbutaline sulfate (TBS) at the glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were explored by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The response was evaluated with respect to pH, scan rate and other variables. Some electrochemical parameters, such as the charge number and proton number, were calculated. The results indicated that TBS underwent irreversible oxidation at the modified electrode, which was an adsorption-controlled process with two protons and two electrons. The reductive peak current of TBS significantly increased and the peak potential shifted negatively at the modified electrode, thus resulting in an electrode for TBS. The current was proportional to the concentration of TBS over 1.12 and 141 μM with a detection limit of 0.34 μM (at S/N = 3). The modified electrode showed good sensitivity, selectivity and stability for the determination of TBS in pork sample.","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"17 1","pages":"75-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80973262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Determination of Polychlorinated-Biphenyls in Automotive Shredder Residues by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry","authors":"M. D. L. D. E. Otero, Mohamed Nour Kayali Sayadi, L. M. Díez","doi":"10.4236/JASMI.2013.32011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JASMI.2013.32011","url":null,"abstract":"An easy and rapid method is proposed for the determination of PCBs in automotive shredder residues, using gas chromatography combined with low resolution mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It is based on direct n-hexane solid-liquid extraction, subtracting background of the lineal aliphatic hydrocarbon interferences and integration of chromatographic peaks containing selected ion PCBs masses (256, 292 and 326 m/z), which are common in all PCBs formulations. Recoveries were in the 80% - 120% range; PCBs were detected and quantified in shredder samples from an automotive shredder industry, thus indicating the validity of the method.","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"8 1","pages":"90-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78553952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Commercial Specific IgE Assay for Detection of Allergens in Allergic Patients","authors":"Mohamed Attia, H. Mohamed","doi":"10.4236/jasmi.2013.32013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jasmi.2013.32013","url":null,"abstract":"Allergy is a serious health problem throughout the world, affecting people of all ages. Allergic diseases such as asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis are becoming an epidemic in our country, the cost of investigating these diseases is increasing and becoming expensively high. There are many ways to explore allergenic antibodies to assess the presence the amount of specific IgE as: Skin test (Prick), Specific IgE (ELISA), RAST Sp.IgE and Elimination Challenge method. Skin test produces pain, local and anaphylactic reaction and patient discomfort, other procedure with highly cost to patient. So, we have built up an evidence to use it in our allergy and immunology clinic has suitable cost for all patients based about for the other tests but it was very simple, accurate, cheap and does not produce any problems to patients. Our test depends on ELISA technique, it measures the quantitative amount of the following different allergens: As regard food allergens: Milk, Eggs, Banana, Maize, Fish, Chocolate, Wheat, Nuts, Strawberry, Shrimps, Spices, with drug as Aspirin. As regard inhalants as: House dust, Mite, Mixed Pollens, Mixed Moulds, Hay dust, Wool, Latex and Cat Hair. 150 allergic patient results of our test compared with specific IgE national kits (ELISA), Sp.IgE (RAST), Skin test and elimination challenge test. The statistical evaluation results as regard senistivity respectively: 88.9%, 89.6%, 91.2%, 71.4%, 93.1%. As regard specificity the results: 93.1%, 94.7%, 95.3%, 65.5%, 91.6%, the latter results showed that our test was in line with all tests. Our test was probably in food, drug and inhalant allergens, it can be also noted that the cheapest and most commercial technique was used, so as to be available immediately in standard laboratory and its reagents, plate and other requirements were prepared locally in our laboratory. Now it was applying successfully in allergy and immunology unit Ain Shams university hospitals in Egypt.","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"149 1","pages":"110-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79407295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 by Micropolarimetry","authors":"P. Novotný, Marie Křižánková, P. Boháček","doi":"10.4236/JASMI.2013.31003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JASMI.2013.31003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes the results of investigation of garnets Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) on the basis of their optical activity. Dispersion of Verdet constant was measured in the visible light range and in a strong magnetic field. The applied technique, namely micropolarimetry, exhibits high resolution which corresponds to the type of polarization microscope used in the investigation.","PeriodicalId":14932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation","volume":"95 1","pages":"13-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86160987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}