Empirical Economic Review最新文献

An Analysis of Child Labor and its Subjective Well-being: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 童工及其主观幸福感分析:来自巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省的证据

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.29145/eer.52.05

Shehla Jalil, D. Alam

{"title":"An Analysis of Child Labor and its Subjective Well-being: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","authors":"Shehla Jalil, D. Alam","doi":"10.29145/eer.52.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/eer.52.05","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the determinants of child labor, the factors that constitute the welfare of child labor, and the factors that determine the welfare of child labor by providing evidence from three major populated districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), namely, Mardan, Peshawar, and Swat. This employs a structured questionnaire methodology and collects data from 200 households in each district. The research further applies Probit model to estimate the determinants of child labor and finds that income level of household, household head’s employment, household head’s education, joint family structure, and residence in urban location reduces the likelihood of child labor. However, household’s head age, household’ size, debt, and economic shock increase the likelihood of child labor. Additionally, this study uses Rees Good Childhood index to measure and compare the welfare of child labor and non-child labor. The findings suggest that child labor has a lower welfare level as compared to non-child labor. Finally, the OLS technique is applied to estimate the determinants of the welfare of child labor. The findings suggest that the wage of child, safety measures at the workplace, leisure, age, and education promote the welfare of child labor. However, the number of working hours, abuse, and hazardous work, adversely affect welfare of child labor.","PeriodicalId":149171,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Economic Review","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125488596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trade Opportunities, Competitiveness, and Trade Potential in Pakistan: An Analysis of GCC Regional Countries 巴基斯坦的贸易机会、竞争力和贸易潜力:海湾合作委员会地区国家分析

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.29145/eer.52.04

Nadia Gohar, M. Irshad, Saima Liaqat, Aminah Khawer

引用次数: 0

Farmers’ Characteristics, Crop Diversification and Agricultural Constraints affecting Crop Cultivation in Sindh province of Pakistan: An Empirical Evidence 影响巴基斯坦信德省作物种植的农民特征、作物多样化和农业制约因素:经验证据

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.29145/eer.52.02

M. A. Talpur, Syed Faisal Hyder Shah Shah, Abdul Razzaque Channa

引用次数: 1

Macro-Stress Testing NPLs in the Banking Sector in Namibia 纳米比亚银行业不良贷款的宏观压力测试

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.29145/eer.52.03

Reinhold Kamati, A. William, G. Kadhikwa, Postrik Mushendami

{"title":"Macro-Stress Testing NPLs in the Banking Sector in Namibia","authors":"Reinhold Kamati, A. William, G. Kadhikwa, Postrik Mushendami","doi":"10.29145/eer.52.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/eer.52.03","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examined the impact of macroeconomic variables, namely real GDP growth, house price growth and changes in the repo rate on the non-performing loan (NPL) ratio in Namibia using data from 2004Q1 to 2020Q1. The study used a vector auto-regressive (VAR) model and impulse response analysis to estimate the impact of changes in macroeconomic conditions on NPLs, and further conducted stress testings on NPL ratio over 4 - 6 quarter horizons. Empirical evidence from this study shows that macroeconomic variables such as real GDP growth rate, the house price growth rate and the repo rate have a statistically significant impact, and material impact on the non-performing loans in the banking sector in Namibia. Largely, a positive growth rate shock in a quarter will reduce NPL ratio by more than half percentage point over two quarters. Similarly, a positive shock of about 4.0 percent in a quarter will reduce NPL ratio by more than 1.2 percentage points over four quarter horizons. Macro-stress-testing results revealed that a deterioration of the GDP growth rate by more than one standard deviation will increase the NPL ratio from 2.46 to 2.78 over four quarter horizons. Meanwhile, the combined effects of deteriorating the GDP growth rate and falling house prices further exacerbated the vulnerability of the banking sector. This study contributes to our understanding of the interplay between macroeconomic conditions and financial sector resilience in Namibia. In practical application, it shows that macro-stress testing techniques are useful to study the importance of macro-financial and feedback effects from the financial sector to the real economy. Technically, central banks must develop models that capture important macro-financial and feedback effects, and regulatory attention must be devoted to monitoring spillover effects from worsening financial conditions to the real economy.","PeriodicalId":149171,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Economic Review","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114982505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Relationship between Project Planning and Timely Completion of a Project through Confirmatory Factor Analysis 通过验证性因素分析探讨项目计划与项目按时完成之间的关系

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.29145/eer.52.01

Naukhaiz Chaudhry, Misheal Ayaz, Dr Khalil-ur-Rehman Wahla, Dr Muhammad Usman

引用次数: 0

Measuring the Impact of Coronavirus at Grassroot Level in Pakistan: Perils, Pitfalls and Preventive Strategies 衡量冠状病毒在巴基斯坦基层的影响:危险、陷阱和预防战略

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.29145/eer/32/030204

Memoona Zareen, Nawaz Ahmad, Munazza Arif

{"title":"Measuring the Impact of Coronavirus at Grassroot Level in Pakistan: Perils, Pitfalls and Preventive Strategies","authors":"Memoona Zareen, Nawaz Ahmad, Munazza Arif","doi":"10.29145/eer/32/030204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/eer/32/030204","url":null,"abstract":"At the forefront of strategists and policymakers' minds stand the catastrophic circumstances of COVID-19 in Pakistan. Severe trauma of unprecedented economic shocks and financial crises brought the country's mechanism to experience a sudden halt. It is necessary to consider how to accelerate recovery and mitigate the spread of negative consequences affecting sectors, industries, institutions, and diverse ventures. Amidst the existing vulnerabilities imposed by inadequate resources and constrained mobility of necessities, the sustainable measures balancing costs and benefits will equip Pakistani communities to fight the corona war proficiently. We analyze the size of adversities hurting various types of individuals, variations in an inflow of economic and financial activities, and reactions to massive disturbances, albeit to different levels. Aligned with in-depth insights and findings, the development of preventive strategies in these desperate times can protect Pakistan's economy from long-lasting disruptions, landing on the safe zone over the coming years. \u0000Received Date: October 13, 2020 Last Received: December 10, 2020 Acceptance: December 30, 2020 ","PeriodicalId":149171,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Economic Review","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123374479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Assessment of the Smart COVID-19 Approach to Lockdown and its Empirical Evidence 新型冠状病毒智能封城方法评估及其经验证据

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.29145/eer/32/030203

Abdul Ghaffar, M. Munir, Osama Aziz, Rada Alhajj, Asif Sanaullah

{"title":"An Assessment of the Smart COVID-19 Approach to Lockdown and its Empirical Evidence","authors":"Abdul Ghaffar, M. Munir, Osama Aziz, Rada Alhajj, Asif Sanaullah","doi":"10.29145/eer/32/030203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/eer/32/030203","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is a new and contagious disease that has changed human lifestyle and habits globally according to the directions provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). Until some authentic remedy or vaccine becomes available, every country is providing instructions to its public to follow precautionary measures. These measures may include lockdown, social distancing, restricting movement, and educating public about COVID-19. Lockdown is the most applied and successful way to control the virus spread and it remains helpful in curtailing the spike. However, it adversely affects developing countries like Pakistan. All types of lockdown disrupt the life of the poor and the middle class. In this paper, an intelligent-smart approach is suggested for developing countries as against complete lockdown to handle the pandemic. This approach will show the long-term results needed for controlling COVID-19 without creating any major disturbance in the economy. In this paper, evidence based approaches were used to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of the daily increasing number of cases of COVID-19 in Pakistan. The results showed that Sindh, which has the maximum number of COVID-19 cases, is better in implementing smart lockdown as compared to other administrative regions of Pakistan. As the risk of the second wave of COVID-19 is enhanced, it would be effective to continue the intelligent-smart approach with mild SOPs to avoid the disastrous effects of COVID-19 in the future. \u0000Received Date: May 14, 2020, Last Received: December 10, 2020 Acceptance: December 25, 2020 ","PeriodicalId":149171,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Economic Review","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124944414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Nexus of COVID-19 Pandemic, Foreign Exchange Rates, and Short-Term Returns COVID-19大流行、汇率和短期回报的关系

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2020-11-13 DOI: 10.29145/eer/32/030201

A. Chaudhry

{"title":"The Nexus of COVID-19 Pandemic, Foreign Exchange Rates, and Short-Term Returns","authors":"A. Chaudhry","doi":"10.29145/eer/32/030201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/eer/32/030201","url":null,"abstract":"The current study examines short-term abnormal returns of eight major currencies including EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/AUD, USD/CAD, USD/CHF, USD/CNY, USD/JPY, and USD/SEK in response to the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic using event study approach in three different scenarios. Firstly, short-term abnormal returns of major currencies are estimated on the day of World Health Organization’s (WHO) announcement declaring COVID-19 as a pandemic. Secondly, they are estimated on the day of the announcement of the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in the respective country. Thirdly, they are estimated on the day of the announcement of the first death from COVID-19 in each country. The results provided evidence that major currency investors earned positive returns in these three different scenarios. The implications of the current study are more important than anticipated. Government policymakers, foreign exchange market regulators, and foreign exchange market participants can anticipate short-term returns while establishing foreign exchange policies, designing rules and regulations, and finalizing trading and hedging strategies, respectively, in situations such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000Received Date: September 20, 20202 Last Received: October 23, 2020 Acceptance: November 13, 2020","PeriodicalId":149171,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Economic Review","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130392671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Happiness and Spirituality: An Empirical Analysis using Divine Perspectives in Pakistan 幸福与灵性:在巴基斯坦使用神圣视角的实证分析

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.29145/EER/21/020105

S. Abidi, Muhammad Tariq Majeed

引用次数: 3

Macroeconomic Analysis of Export Diversification in Nigeria 尼日利亚出口多样化的宏观经济分析

Empirical Economic Review Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.29145/EER/21/020104

Martins Iyoboyi

引用次数: 3