Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating Compliance and Performance of 0.5 mL AD Syringes: A Global Standards Review","authors":"Akash Sharma, Chandra Prakash, Ankur Vora","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i8705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i8705","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research delves into the comprehensive evaluation of AD 0.5 ml syringes, crucial components in medical procedures. These syringes fall into the category of class IIa according to EUMDR and are classified as class II by USFDA. The focus is on assessing their compliance with regulatory standards such as the European Medical Device Regulation (EUMDR), International Organization for Standardization (ISO 13485), US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), and guidelines from the Medical Device Single Audit Program (MDSAP). The study particularly scrutinizes the design, manufacturing, and performance aspects of these syringes, aligning with the rigorous requirements set by these regulatory bodies. \u0000Methods: This single-arm observational study involved distributing 8,000 syringes to 52 hospitals across 8 counties in Kenya, healthcare personnel used the syringes on 2,714 patients. Data collection utilized a single usability feedback form comprising quantitative and qualitative questionnaires. Quantitative data included counts of syringes used, failed inspection checks, and device failures. Qualitative data focused on usability parameters such as protection and sterility, preparation, injection, and reuse/safety and disposal, rated on a scale from 1 to 5. Healthcare professionals eligible for the qualitative questionnaire had used the syringe on a minimum of 50 patients. \u0000Results: The study evaluated the usability and customer satisfaction of the 0.5 mL Auto Disable Early Activation syringe from Revital Healthcare (EPZ) Limited. Quantitative analysis showed that all syringes performed as intended, with 0% failing during use. Quantitative analysis revealed no syringes failed during use, indicating a 0.0% failure rate. Qualitative feedback highlighted high ratings in usability tasks, including protection and sterility (97.78%), preparation (95.56%), injection (94.81%), and reuse/safety and disposal (95.93%). Overall customer satisfaction was rated positively, with an 87.78% satisfaction rate. Overall, the syringe received positive feedback for usability and customer satisfaction, highlighting its effectiveness and safety in medical procedures. Usability ratings, measured on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Poor, 2 = Fair, 3 = Good, 4 = Very Good, 5 = Excellent), further support the syringe’s efficacy and safety. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses confirmed that none of the tested syringes exhibited performance failures, indicating no quality or reliability concerns with the product. \u0000Conclusion: The findings of this research underscore the paramount importance of adherence to international standards in the design, manufacturing, and performance of AD 0.5 ml syringes. The emphasis on compliance with regulatory guidelines enhances the reliability and safety of these syringes, instilling confidence among manufacturers, healthcare professionals, and regulatory bodies. As the healthcare industry evolves, this research contributes to the ongoing ","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Toxicity, Antioxidant and Vasodilatory Properties of Sclerocarya birrea (A. rich.) Hochst (Anacardiaceae) Trunk Bark’s Aqueous Decoction","authors":"L. Belemnaba, Bibata Sawadogo, W. Ouédraogo, Mathieu Nitiema, Boukaré Kaboré, Moumouni Koala, Moussa Ouédraogo, S. Ouédraogo","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i8704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i8704","url":null,"abstract":"Sclerocarya birrea (S. birrea) is a medicinal plant of the Anacardiaceae family used to treat various diseases, including high blood pressure. The plant has many biological activities, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertensive effects. This study aimed to determine the acute toxicity, antioxidant, and vasodilator activities of S. birrea trunk bark extracts. HPTLC carried out phytochemical testing of the lyophilized aqueous decoction (DAL) of the trunk bark of S. birrea. The vasodilation effect of the DAL extract of the trunk bark of S. birrea was studied ex vivo with DMT 620M myography. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenes in the DAL extract. Evaluation of the vascular reactivity showed that this extract caused vasodilation of the thoracic aorta in NMRI mice, both in the presence of endothelium alone, in the presence of L-Nitro Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME), and the absence of endothelium. The effective concentrations of 50% (EC50) of DAL extract were (266.36±65.12 µg/mL, 365.57±97.54 µg/mL, and 592.43±78.05 µg/mL, respectively. As a preventive measure, this extract reduced the vasoconstriction of the mouse aorta ring by 58.04±0.60% compared to U46619 alone. This study reported the presence of secondary metabolites of interest, such as phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenes, and the vasodilation effect of the DAL extract of S. birrea. These results provide scientific evidence for its use in traditional medicine to treat high blood pressure.","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"16 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Effective Healthcare Delivery: An Assessment of Public Perception of Pharmacist’s Role in Nigeria","authors":"E. J. Ugboma, V. C. Amaechi, O. Asumah, Olisaeloka Ivy Okoye, Chimaobi Jude Nwiyi, Ezekiel Izudike Odimgbe, Chukwuemeka Chidindu Njoku","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i7700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i7700","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pharmacists have a vital function in the healthcare system, acting as intermediaries between patients and the intricate realm of pharmaceutical administration. Pharmacists have a range of tasks that go beyond simply giving out prescriptions. These include providing guidance to patients, managing medication therapy, resolving issues related to drug therapy, and educating people about healthcare, which is known as pharmaceutical care. \u0000Aim: This study aims to assess the public perception of pharmacists' roles in healthcare delivery in Nigeria. \u0000Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire to collect data from a representative sample of the Nigerian population. The collected data was coded into Microsoft Excel 2016 and subsequently analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Descriptive statistics were utilized to summarize the data, providing an overview of the demographic characteristics and key findings. \u0000Key Findings: The findings reveal that while a majority of respondents recognize the importance of pharmacists in healthcare, significant gaps in awareness and utilization were identified. Approximately 65% of participants expressed trust in pharmacists' professional advice, yet only 45% reported regularly consulting pharmacists for health-related issues. \u0000Conclusion and Implications: The study concludes that enhancing public awareness and trust in pharmacists could significantly improve healthcare delivery in Nigeria. The findings suggest the need for targeted educational campaigns and policy interventions to better integrate pharmacists into the healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141819709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Drug Resistance in Burn Patients","authors":"Abeer Mansour Abdel Rasool, Ahmed Shoaib Karmoosh","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i7699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i7699","url":null,"abstract":"Infections, the most frequent outcomes and the leading cause of death in burn patients, reproduce in milieux generated by burn lesions, Severely burned patient’s immunity is weakened, thus systemic infections such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections are likely to develop. New diseases which have come up and are hardly combatted by many drugs offer a major threat in therapy; new antimicrobial medicines and effective measures that prevent infection have to be used. Due to their high mortality, these infections form a major concern to the increasing cases of MDROs in burn victims. Given that the surfaces of burn related injuries are broad, the patients’ immune systems are compromised, while they require several surgeries and lengthy hospitalization, they are easy targets for MDROs. Among the published studies, it is revealed that multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are on the rise among burn patients, which poses a threat to patient outcomes as well as the treatment of the condition. As a result of skin degeneration, long-term hospitalizations, and the necessity for invasive procedures, all of which contribute to the development of infections, burn patients are particularly vulnerable.","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"108 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Process Quality Checks and Post-Market Surveillance of Artemether-Lumefantrine Fixed-dose Combination Tablets and Suspensions: Current Procedures, Successes, Advances, and Challenges","authors":"Daniel Gyamfi, Julius Caesar Mahama, Ahmed S.B.I Fawzy, Alfred Gyimah, Faridu Abdul-Wadudu, Nobert Mantu Kipo, Bright Arhin, Bless Hayford Addo, Simon Nyarko, Comfort Wetani Aseyuure","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i7698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i7698","url":null,"abstract":"In Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 35% of antimalarial drugs are of substandard quality. Counterfeit and substandard medications constitute 10% of the global pharmaceutical trade. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends artemether-lumefantrine (AL) as the first-line treatment for acute falciparum malaria in endemic regions. However, there is a lack of validated analytical methods to simultaneously determine the content of artemether and lumefantrine in these formulations, particularly in resource-limited settings. This paper focuses on quality concepts related to AL tablets and suspensions. It provides an overview of quality assessment techniques, including visual inspection, weight uniformity, content assay, and dissolution tests. Regulatory requirements and case studies are also discussed. By rigorously assessing AL quality, regulatory agencies, pharmaceutical companies, and healthcare professionals can ensure compliance with established standards and regulations.","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"24 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing Drug Discovery: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Efficiency and Accuracy","authors":"Samuel Nzube Nwosu","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6695","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, such as machine learning and deep learning, on drug discovery. It highlights the roles of Al in enhancing efficiency and precision, accelerating processes, refining outcomes, and managing large datasets. Real-world applications, like AI-driven drug screening and predictive modeling, are discussed, along with AI's potential for personalized drug discovery and ethical considerations. The current landscape and future implications of AI in drug discovery are examined, underscoring its ability to derive efficient and tailored treatment solutions.","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"3 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-oxidant and Wound Healing Potentials of Gnetum africanum Welw and Ficus vogelii Miq Extracts","authors":"M. Coker, Olufunmilayo A. Adewuyi, Benjamin O. Emikpe","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6694","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gnetum africanum and Ficus vogelii are vegetables consumed in some parts of Africa. They are used in ethno medicine for treatment of different diseases, and are particularly known to hasten wound healing. The study aimed at investigating the wound healing properties of the plants in a rat model.\u0000Materials and Methods: The powdered leaves of the two plants were successively extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol using a Soxhlet apparatus. The crude methanol extract was screened for secondary metabolites and anti-oxidant properties. The wound healing activity was evaluated using excision wound model. Thirty healthy female Wistar albino rats (150-200 kg) were used for the experiment and randomized into 5% extract + ointment, 3.5% extract + ointment, simple ointment, and gentamicin treatment groups. The ointments were administered topically daily, and wound contraction was measured every alternate day. The percentage wound closure rate and histopathology of healed wound area were determined. The antioxidant activity of the plants was determined using the DPPH scavenging activity and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP).\u0000Results: The methanol extracts of both plants showed the presence tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids in varying amounts. The antioxidant assays revealed that the extracts of both plants had good anti-oxidant properties. Extracts of Gnetum africanum at 3.5% w/w and Ficus vogelii 5% w/w exhibited potent healing activity, eliciting 100% wound closure by day 7.\u0000Conclusion: The study revealed that Gnetum africanum and Ficus vogelii have wound healing properties which scientifically justifies its use for treatment of wounds traditionally and could be developed into useful drugs for wound treatment and management.","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"99 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro and In vivo Studies for Screening of Anti-inflammatory, Thrombolytic and Acute Toxicological Activity in Camellia Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama","authors":"Mariya Alam Ayshi, Md. Mohiuddin Rahaman Rakib, Abu Jubaer Asif, Anjuman Ara Oishee, Md. Shahi Amran","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6693","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of methanol-prepared leaves extract of Camellia Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama. on several in vitro activities, including anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic effects. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the acute toxicological activity of the extracts in an animal model.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: The research study was carried out from Nov 2023 to Feb 2024 at the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Asia Pacific and the Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, as well as the Laboratory of Microbiology at Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka.\u0000Methodology: The methodology involved various doses of methanolic leaves extract of Camellia Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama, and employed techniques such as the Inhibition of Protein Denaturation Assay for anti-inflammatory test and the clot lysis test for thrombolytic assay. The acute toxicological activity was assessed by Cinnamon oil induced toxicological and administration of acetic acid induced writhing responses in Swiss albino mice.\u0000Result: The Inhibition of Protein Denaturation Assay test yielded findings indicating its anti-inflammatory properties against all strains used in this research. The findings from the study examining the anti-inflammatory properties indicate that Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama exhibits a significant efficacy of 86.54% in inhibiting inflammation at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. This level of efficacy is comparable to that of acetylsalicylic acid, which also has a similar efficacy of 98.54 % at the same concentration. Thrombolysis test is a controlled laboratory procedure that assesses the ability of plant extracts to dissolve blood clots. The study found that MECCL can reduce blood clots. Table 2 shows that MECCL's thrombolytic potential was 95.69%, which is much higher than the usual value of 91.304%. Our research found that MECCL did not induce any harmful effects in mice during the acute toxicity test, as determined by the toxicological assessment. No signs of illness or death were reported throughout the acute toxicity trial.\u0000Conclusion: The Camellia chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama plant exhibits privileged qualities that could lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic substances. It has anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, and mild acute toxicity properties. Further exploration of this plant could be beneficial. Our study results contribute to the growing body of evidence demonstrating that natural products may potentially have favourable effects on human health.","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"114 s431","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141002758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radioprotection Compliance Rules Study in Dakar's Hospitals, Senegal","authors":"El Hadji Oumar Ndoye, Al Housseynou Diop, S. M. Badiane","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6691","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to promote greater safety in the use of X-rays in our hospitals. The effects of radiation have continued to arouse keen interest mixed with concern. Due to their ionizing power, these radiations lead to cascades of reactions in the body causing genetic mutations, cancer phenomena and even cell death, among others. We thus distinguish between threshold effects (deterministic) and random effects (stochastic). This work is a quantitative study based on a questionnaire intended for majors in radiology services in Dakar. \u0000 This study was carried out in the Dakar region over a period of two (02) months from July 15, 2022 to September 15, 2022. By analyzing the results, we’ve noted that standard radiography and computed tomography are the two most frequently performed radiological examinations in all the services studied with respectively 60.9 o/o and 30.4 o/o of the radiological examinations carried out daily. It is appeared that radiation protection in radiology departments has limits. It is therefore urgent to overcome them and to encourage the development of radiation protection in parallel with the evolution of the technical platform. Compliance with the rules and regulations constitutes a requirement for the protection of people exposed to ionizing radiation. The national radiation protection authority should take steps to harmonize the control protocols for radiology department equipment for optimal monitoring of radiation protection measures. It would be important to install a maintenance unit in each health structure with a radiology department which would be under the responsibility of the national authority responsible for radiation protection. \u0000Sanctions are provided for in the event of breaches of laws and regulations by the Senegalese authorities.","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141048561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Nutritional Factors, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Altered Body Composition and Various Biological Factors in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome","authors":"Y. Chianeh, Ali Mansouri Mehrabani, Alireza Akhavan Kharazi, Mahsa Ghaffari, Faride Asgari","doi":"10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i6692","url":null,"abstract":"Fatigue is a prevalent complaint among individuals, characterized by a decline in energy levels, mental and physical fatigue, reduced stamina, and longer recovery time following exertion. While the root cause of tiredness remains unclear, it is typically associated with illness. Although tiredness is not exclusively linked to a particular condition, mitochondrial malfunction is a common contributor to exhaustion, indicating that mitochondrial dysfunction may be a biological factor that causes fatigue. Additionally, factors such as mitochondrial energy metabolism, immunological response, and genetics can also play a role. However, the absence of a standard methodology for assessing fatigue and a limited understanding of its pathophysiology pose challenges for diagnosing fatigue in clinical settings but a detailed studies suggests a number of marginal nutritional deficiencies may have etiologic relevance. Throughout life, significant changes in body composition occur, with the most notable being a decrease in lean body mass and an increase in body fat as we age. These changes have a profound impact on the development of frailty in older adults. Frailty is a complex condition that reduces patient’s homoeostatic reserves, making them more susceptible to shocks.\u0000In this review, we present an overview on the mechanisms that may mediate fatigue levels, with a special focus on nutritional and vitamin supplement.","PeriodicalId":14903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"180 S455","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141040038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}