Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment最新文献

{"title":"Patient-Reported Health Outcomes among HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in a Tertiary Hospital in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"E. Osati, G. Shayo, Raphael Zozimus Sangeda, J. Rugemalila","doi":"10.33696//AIDS.2.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696//AIDS.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"Elisha Fred Osati1,2, Grace Ambrose Shayo1,2*, Raphael Zozimus Sangeda3, Joan Rugemalila1,2 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam Tanzania 2Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili National Hospital, P.O. Box 65000 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 3Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65013, Dar es Salaam Tanzania","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80179064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Humanized Mouse Models for Studying HIV-1 Infection, Pathogenesis and Persistence","authors":"Matthew Weichseldorfer, A. Heredia, M. Reitz, J. Bryant, O. Latinovic","doi":"10.33696/AIDS.2.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/AIDS.2.003","url":null,"abstract":"Despite decades of intensive basic and clinical research efforts, there is still no successful vaccine candidate against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Standard combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been successfully developed and has given remarkable results suppressing HIV-1 infection and transmission. However, cART cannot fully clear the virus from the infected patients. A cure for HIV-1 is highly desirable to stop both the spread of the virus in humans and disease progression in HIV-1 patients. A safe and effective cure strategy for HIV-1 infection will require appropriate animal models that properly mimic HIV-1 infection and advance HIV-1 cure research. Animal models have been a crucial tool in the drug discovery process for investigation of HIV-1 disease mainly in preclinical evaluations of antiretroviral drugs and vaccines. An ideal animal model should recapitulate the main aspects of human-specific HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis with their associated immune responses, while permitting invasive antiretroviral studies. The best humanized mouse models would allow a thorough evaluation of antiretroviral strategies that are aimed towards reducing the establishment and size of the HIV-1 reservoirs. In this review, we evaluate multiple humanized mouse models while presenting their strengths and limitations for HIV-1 research. These humanized mouse models have been tailored in recent decades and heavily employed to address specific quintessential and remaining questions of HIV-1 persistence, pathogenesis and ultimately, eradication.","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"38 1","pages":"23 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88393139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older Versus Younger Men Who Have Sex with Men: Awareness of and Potential Barriers to the Use of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Medication to Prevent the Transmission of HIV.","authors":"Hugh Klein,&nbsp;Thomas Alex Washington","doi":"10.33696/aids.2.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.2.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper compares younger (aged 18-39; n=197) and older (ages 50+; n=53) MSM to determine their familiarity with PrEP, willingness to learn more about PrEP, perceptions of stigma relating to PrEP use, and perceptions of barriers to PrEP adoption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A purposive sample of diverse MSM completed 15-minute questionnaires. Younger and older MSM were compared using Student's t-tests and odds ratios for bivariate analyses, and multivariate logistic regression and multiple regressions for analyses controlling for key demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to younger MSM, older MSM were more aware of PrEP, more likely to know another PrEP user, less interested in learning more about PrEP, and more averse to using existing resources to learn more about PrEP. Older men perceived less stigma relating to PrEP and fewer obstacles needing to be overcome in order to give serious consideration to PrEP adoption. These differences remained when race, educational attainment, sexual orientation, and HIV serostatus were controlled.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a \"good news/bad news\" situation with respect to older MSM and PrEP. They were more aware of PrEP, less likely to associate stigma with PrEP use or PrEP users, and anticipated fewer barriers to PrEP adoption. They were also less interested than their younger counterparts in learning more about PrEP and expressed less comfort using existing sources of information to learn more about PrEP. Age-appropriate PrEP educational campaigns are advisable in order to reach older MSM and encourage more of them to consider PrEP adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"2 2","pages":"42-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7943186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25455838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Humanized Mouse Models for Studying HIV-1 Infection, Pathogenesis and Persistence.","authors":"Matthew Weichseldorfer,&nbsp;Alonso Heredia,&nbsp;Marvin Reitz,&nbsp;Joseph L Bryant,&nbsp;Olga S Latinovic","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite decades of intensive basic and clinical research efforts, there is still no successful vaccine candidate against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Standard combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been successfully developed and has given remarkable results suppressing HIV-1 infection and transmission. However, cART cannot fully clear the virus from the infected patients. A cure for HIV-1 is highly desirable to stop both the spread of the virus in humans and disease progression in HIV-1 patients. A safe and effective cure strategy for HIV-1 infection will require appropriate animal models that properly mimic HIV-1 infection and advance HIV-1 cure research. Animal models have been a crucial tool in the drug discovery process for investigation of HIV-1 disease mainly in preclinical evaluations of antiretroviral drugs and vaccines. An ideal animal model should recapitulate the main aspects of human-specific HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis with their associated immune responses, while permitting invasive antiretroviral studies. The best humanized mouse models would allow a thorough evaluation of antiretroviral strategies that are aimed towards reducing the establishment and size of the HIV-1 reservoirs. In this review, we evaluate multiple humanized mouse models while presenting their strengths and limitations for HIV-1 research. These humanized mouse models have been tailored in recent decades and heavily employed to address specific quintessential and remaining questions of HIV-1 persistence, pathogenesis and ultimately, eradication.</p>","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"2 1","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7250391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37979689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Insights into COVID-19 in Persons Living with HIV and Cardiovascular Manifestations.","authors":"Jelani K Grant, Louis Vincent, Bertrand Ebner, Barry E Hurwitz, Maria L Alcaide, Claudia Martinez","doi":"10.33696/aids.2.010","DOIUrl":"10.33696/aids.2.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Persons living with HIV-1 (PLHIV) are at increased risk of cardiovascular complications in part due to the persistent inflammatory state despite viral suppression. SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, was declared a pandemic virus in March 2020, and caused over 30 million cases and 900,000 deaths worldwide to date. Individuals with COVID-19 are manifesting acute cardiovascular complications because of the inflammatory response associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is not yet known whether having COVID-19 in the context of ongoing HIV-1 infection results in worse cardiovascular complications than in PLHIV who have not had COVID-19 infection. In this review, the potential for exacerbated cardiovascular manifestations in persons coinfected with HIV-1 and COVID-19 is considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"2 2","pages":"68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7971556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25502514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Workers’ Perspectives on the Outcomes, Enablers, and Barriers to the Implementation of HIV “Test and Treat” Guidelines in Abuja, Nigeria","authors":"S. Odafe, K. Stafford, A. Gambo, D. Onotu, M. Swaminathan, I. Dalhatu, Uzoma Ene, O. Ademola, A. Mukhtar, Ibrahim Ramat, Ehoche Akipu, H. Debem, A. T. Boyd, Aboje Sunday, B. Gobir, M. Charurat","doi":"10.33696/aids.1.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.1.007","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated health workers’ perspectives on the implementation of the 2016 HIV “Test and Treat” guidelines in Nigeria. Using semi-structured interviews, qualitative data was collected from twenty health workers meeting inclusion criteria in six study sites. Data exploration was conducted using thematic content analysis. Participants perceived that the “Test and Treat” guidelines improved care for PLHIV, though they also perceived possible congested clinics. Perceived key factors enabling guidelines use were perceived patient benefits, availability of policy document and trainings. Perceived key barriers to guidelines use were poverty among patients, inadequate human resources and stock-outs of HIV testing kits. Further improvements in uptake of guidelines could be achieved by effecting an efficient supply chain system for HIV testing kits, and improved guidelines distribution and capacity building prior to implementation. Additionally, implementing differentiated approaches that decongest clinics, and programs that economically empower patients, could improve guidelines use, as Nigeria scales “Test and Treat” nationwide.","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"62 1","pages":"33 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77915648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rate and Predictors of Treatment Failure among Pediatric Population Taking Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia","authors":"Yimam Getaneh, A. Yizengaw, Agajie Likie, M. Getahun, Altaye Feleke, E. Kidane, Achmyeleh Mulugeta, Amelework Yilma, Tezera Moshago, Y. Assefa, Y. Shao","doi":"10.1101/19005538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/19005538","url":null,"abstract":"Though the unprecedented global effort at scaling up universal access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased the progression of HIV, treatment failure (TF) among pediatric patients receiving ART against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is becoming a global public health concern which may impact on treatment outcome. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the rate and predictors of treatment failure (TF) among HIV-infected pediatric patients taking ART in Ethiopia.A prospective and retrospective follow-up study was conducted from March 2016 to 2017. Retrospective clinical and laboratory data were captured from patients’ medical record. Socio-demographics and explanatory variables of participants were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire and study participants were followed for three to six month after baseline viral load has been done to classify virologic failure (VF). TF was ascertained from population who virally failed with the denominator of population taking ART. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regressions were conducted to assess predictors TF. Statistical significance was set at P-value less than 0.05.A total of 554 pediatrics patients taking ART from 40 selected health facilities were included in the study. Viral load suppression (VLS) (VL<1000 copies/ml) among pediatric population taking ART in Ethiopia were found to be 344 (62.1%). From those who was not virally suppressed at baseline of the study 210 (37.9%), 99 (51.6%) were re-suppressed after three to six month of enhanced adherence and counseling, leading the overall virologic failure (VF) among pediatric population taking ART in Ethiopia to be 93 (17.3%). The mean CD4 count was improved from 490 cells/ml at ART initiation to 921 cells/ml after 80 months of ART exposure. Moreover, the clinical outcome was improved from 42% to 89% at ART initiation and after 80 month of ART experience. CD4 count, clinical stage, Hemoglobin and weight were found to be predictors of VF. Moreover; family HIV and disclosure status, duration on ART, age, being orphan, stigma and medication adherence have significant association with VF.The low level of VLS (62.1%) and the high level of VF (18.3%) could explain the challenge on the national ART program among pediatric population. The significant improvement on immunologic and clinical outcome could indicate the success of ART on treatment outcome among pediatric population. CD4 count, clinical stage, Hemoglobin and weight could be good predictors of TF among pediatric population. Improving disclosure status, stigma and medication adherence could improve the treatment outcome of pediatric population taking ART in Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79984172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"J AIDS HIV Treat 1.1","authors":"","doi":"10.33696/aids.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75836181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Workers' Perspectives on the Outcomes, Enablers, and Barriers to the Implementation of HIV \"Test and Treat\" Guidelines in Abuja, Nigeria.","authors":"Solomon Odafe,&nbsp;Kristen A Stafford,&nbsp;Aliyu Gambo,&nbsp;Dennis Onotu,&nbsp;Mahesh Swaminathan,&nbsp;Ibrahim Dalhatu,&nbsp;Uzoma Ene,&nbsp;Oladipo Ademola,&nbsp;Ahmed Mukhtar,&nbsp;Ibrahim Ramat,&nbsp;Ehoche Akipu,&nbsp;Henry Debem,&nbsp;Andrew T Boyd,&nbsp;Aboje Sunday,&nbsp;Bola Gobir,&nbsp;Man E Charurat","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated health workers' perspectives on the implementation of the 2016 HIV \"Test and Treat\" guidelines in Nigeria. Using semi-structured interviews, qualitative data was collected from twenty health workers meeting inclusion criteria in six study sites. Data exploration was conducted using thematic content analysis. Participants perceived that the \"Test and Treat\" guidelines improved care for PLHIV, though they also perceived possible congested clinics. Perceived key factors enabling guidelines use were perceived patient benefits, availability of policy document and trainings. Perceived key barriers to guidelines use were poverty among patients, inadequate human resources and stock-outs of HIV testing kits. Further improvements in uptake of guidelines could be achieved by effecting an efficient supply chain system for HIV testing kits, and improved guidelines distribution and capacity building prior to implementation. Additionally, implementing differentiated approaches that decongest clinics, and programs that economically empower patients, could improve guidelines use, as Nigeria scales \"Test and Treat\" nationwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"1 2","pages":"33-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7179071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37867313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Attitudes toward HIV and AIDS among Undergraduate Students at a Historically Black University","authors":"P. Andrew, A. Bhuiyan, A. Mawson, M. Shahbazi","doi":"10.33696/aids.1.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.1.006","url":null,"abstract":"Prince Andrew1, Azad R. Bhuiyan2*, Anthony Mawson3, Mohammad Shahbazi4 1Public Health Clinical Specialist: Lewisville Medical Pharmacy, Texas, USA 2Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, USA 3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, USA 4Department of Behavioral Health Promotion and Education, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, USA *Correspondence should be addressed to Azad Bhuiyan; azad.r.bhuiyan@jsums.edu","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80176936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}