Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment最新文献_第2页

Tenofovir Alafenamide, Emtricitabine, and Bictegravir in Switch Strategy for HIV-1 Adult Patients Due to Previous Renal Impairment Induced by Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate 替诺福韦-阿拉那胺、恩曲他滨和比替格拉韦对先前由富马酸替诺福韦-二氧吡酯引起的肾损害的HIV-1成年患者的转换策略

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.33696/aids.4.028

引用次数: 0

Incidence of Nephrotoxicity among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Tenofovir Treatment in a Tertiary Hospital in the Philippines 菲律宾一家三级医院接受替诺福韦治疗的人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者肾毒性发生率

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.33696/aids.4.025

Marja Bernardo-Buensalido, C. Abad

{"title":"Incidence of Nephrotoxicity among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Tenofovir Treatment in a Tertiary Hospital in the Philippines","authors":"Marja Bernardo-Buensalido, C. Abad","doi":"10.33696/aids.4.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.4.025","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of nephrotoxicity among Filipino human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Methods: Retrospective cohort study; we reviewed medical records of HIV adults on TDF in the University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH) clinic from January 2004 - December 2016. Nephrotoxicity was defined as at least a 20% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Relevant demographic and laboratory data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to compare characteristics between groups. Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine incidence rate over time, and incidence density rates of nephrotoxicity were calculated. Results: 654 patients were included, with mean age of 29 years (18-69) and male-female ratio of 72:1. Nephrotoxicity incidence was 51.38% with a density rate of 11.05 per 10,000 person days. Kaplan Meier analysis showed probability of nephrotoxicity of 50% at 20.4 months. Cox regression modeling of covariates revealed low CD4 as a significant covariate for predicting a subsequent 20% eGFR decline. Conclusion: TDF may contribute to a decline in GFR over time. Half of patients taking TDF developed mild nephrotoxicity by 20.5 months. Clinicians must consider the potential risk of nephrotoxicity with prolonged use especially among young patients with low CD4 counts.","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87204318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women with HIV on Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) Compared to Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF) 富马酸替诺福韦二氯吡酯(TDF)与替诺福韦阿拉芬胺(TAF)对HIV感染孕妇妊娠结局的影响

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.33696/aids.4.026

Matthew A. Thimm, Alison G Livingston, Rosemary Ramroop, A. Eke

{"title":"Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women with HIV on Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) Compared to Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF)","authors":"Matthew A. Thimm, Alison G Livingston, Rosemary Ramroop, A. Eke","doi":"10.33696/aids.4.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.4.026","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Our objective was to assess the safety, efficacy, and pregnancy outcomes of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) compared to Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF) use in pregnant women with HIV (PWLHIV). Methods: This retrospective cohort study of all women who received prenatal care at a single academic center between January 1st 2015 and June 30th, 2020 compared outcomes in PWLHIV using TDF compared to TAF. The primary outcome was weight-gain during pregnancy. Secondary outcomes included CD4 count, viral-load, gestational age at delivery, fetal and neonatal outcomes. Outcomes were analyzed using standard statistical tests. Multivariable linear-regression analysis models accounting for potential confounders were created for primary and secondary outcomes, with beta coefficients (β) and associated 95% confidence intervals as the primary measure of effect. Statistical analysis was done with STATA 16. Results: There were 66 women in the TDF group and 34 women in the TAF group. In the overall cohort, the median (interquartile range, IQR) gestational age at delivery for PWLHIV on TDF and TAF were 38.6 (IQR 37.5–39.4) and 38.1 (31.1–39.1) weeks respectively; and most women (85%) were Black/African American. Compared to PWLHIV on a TDF regimen, women on TAF, on average, gained over 3 kg more weight in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy (β=3.20, 95% CI 1.64, 7.97; p=0.03). Women in the TAF arm were also more likely to have higher median CD4-count (470 cells/mm3 versus 669 cells/mm3, p=0.035) in the third trimester compared to women on TDF. There were no cases of neonatal/infant HIV or death. Conclusion: Although TAF use was associated with more weight gain compared to TDF, both regimens appear safe and effective during pregnancy. PWLHIV should be counseled about the potential for weight gain with TAF based regimens during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"22 1","pages":"6 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73639921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Apigenin as Anti-TNF Alpha Agent 芹菜素作为抗tnf α剂

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.33696/aids.3.023

Tania Mulherkar, Rashida Ginwala, Zafar K. Khan, P. Jain

{"title":"Apigenin as Anti-TNF Alpha Agent","authors":"Tania Mulherkar, Rashida Ginwala, Zafar K. Khan, P. Jain","doi":"10.33696/aids.3.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.3.023","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory responses, although effective in eliminating pathogens, are also associated with many diseases including asthma, chronic inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune and degenerative diseases [1]. Excessive inflammation contributes to host tissue damage, exacerbating disease conditions such as neuroinflammatory diseases in which the brain and spinal cord are attacked. In cases of excessive inflammatory response, anti-inflammatory agents are needed to reduce and control inflammatory symptoms. Currently, medically prescribed anti-inflammatory agents include cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids such as cortisol, and anti-cytokine therapies [2]. While these drugs on the market effectively decrease inflammation, they also tend to be costly and toxic to some extent. Further research on safer, less toxic, cost-effective alternative treatments is needed. Apigenin is a natural flavonoid found in produce such as fresh parsley, vine spinach, celery, dried oregano, oranges, onions, tea, and cilantro [3]. Increased flavonoid intake has been associated with chemoprotective effects in gastric, colon, lung, breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancers [4]. Specifically, apigenin has been used in alternative medicinal approaches to treat asthma, shingles, Parkinson’s disease, neuralgia, and insomnia [5]. The paper “Apigenin Modulates Dendritic Cell Activities and Curbs Inflammation Via RelB Inhibition in the Context of Neuroinflammatory Diseases” by Ginwala et al. demonstrates apigenin’s function as an anti-inflammatory agent and explores its potential use as a therapy for neuroinflammatory disease [6].","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74227381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High Levels of Pre-Treatment HIV Drug Resistance in Zimbabwe: Is this a Threat to HIV/AIDS Control? 津巴布韦治疗前艾滋病毒耐药性高:这是否对艾滋病毒/艾滋病控制构成威胁?

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.33696/aids.3.021

V. Kouamou, A. Mcgregor

{"title":"High Levels of Pre-Treatment HIV Drug Resistance in Zimbabwe: Is this a Threat to HIV/AIDS Control?","authors":"V. Kouamou, A. Mcgregor","doi":"10.33696/aids.3.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.3.021","url":null,"abstract":"Zimbabwe is one of the countries in Southern Africa most affected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic. The country has the third highest HIV prevalence (12.5% among 15-49 years) in the region, with an estimated 1.4 million people living with HIV (PLHIV) to date [1]. New infections (35,000) and AIDSrelated deaths (20,000) in all ages were recently (2020) updated [1]. However, Zimbabwe has made enormous strides in scaling up access to HIV testing and treating. Consequently, the progress made towards the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90-9090 targets set for 2020 has been remarkably successful. Ninety percent of PLHIV were aware of their status, 94% of those diagnosed were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 86% of PLHIV on ART were virally suppressed [1]. In many resource-limited settings (RLS) including Zimbabwe; reduced adherence, limited access to viral load (VL) monitoring and HIV drug resistance mutation (DRM) analysis, make managing HIV more difficult. These factors contribute to virologic failure and the emergence of ART resistance [2,3]. Drug resistance is a serious threat to the global scale-up of HIV treatment particularly in many RLS with limited ART treatment options.","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82189674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brain Organoids: An Emerging Model System to Study HIV-1 Neuropathogenesis 脑类器官:研究HIV-1神经发病机制的新兴模型系统

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.33696/aids.3.022

引用次数: 0

Plant-Based Vaccines Against Infectious Human Viral Diseases: Spotlight on HIV Vaccines 抗人类传染性病毒疾病的植物性疫苗:聚焦于HIV疫苗

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.33696/aids.3.024

S. Venkataraman

{"title":"Plant-Based Vaccines Against Infectious Human Viral Diseases: Spotlight on HIV Vaccines","authors":"S. Venkataraman","doi":"10.33696/aids.3.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.3.024","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious human diseases are caused by a host of medically important viruses such as the HBV, HCV, HIV, HPV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2, dengue, WNV, chikungunya and zika viruses. They result in severe morbidity and mortality in affected individuals and result in millions of deaths every year. Amongst all of them, the recently emerging SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for over 228 million cases worldwide with nearly 5 million cases of death reported (WHO 2021). Each of these viruses cause typical symptomatic disease: for instance, HBV and HCV affect the liver causing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma while the influenza virus and the SARS-CoV-2 mainly affect the respiratory tract. For the influenza virus, there occurs a high degree of variability of the viral hemagglutinin (HA) antigen which results in the high antigenic variability of the virus. The HPV mostly spreads through sexual activity and in severe cases, results in cervical cancer. The HIV also spreads predominantly through sexual activity and causes impairment of the body’s immune system leaving it susceptible to a host of bacterial and viral diseases. The Zika virus causes Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults [1-3] and microcephaly in fetus. For many of these viruses such as HIV, HCV and Zika viruses, there is no vaccine available even as these viruses mutate and evolve mechanisms to evade the body’s immune mechanisms. Importantly, there is a dearth of low-cost, easily administrable prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines for these diseases in developing countries where incidence of high rates of infectious viral diseases is reported and herein there lies a compelling need to generate plant-based vaccines against these deadly diseases [4,5].","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79479002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Safety and Tolerability in Individuals ≥ 45 Years Old 暴露前预防(PrEP)在≥45岁人群中的安全性和耐受性

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.33696/aids.3.018

Emily Comstock, Camilia James, R. Hegarty, Y. Flores, A. Amoroso, R. Talwani, E. Wilson

引用次数: 0

Fostemsavir in Heavily Treatment-Experienced Individuals Living with HIV-1: Insights from the Phase 3 BRIGHTE Study fostemsaver在经历过大量治疗的HIV-1患者中的应用:来自3期bright研究的见解

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.33696/aids.3.019

M. Lataillade, Peter Ackerman, T. Schoofs, A. Clark, M. Kozal

{"title":"Fostemsavir in Heavily Treatment-Experienced Individuals Living with HIV-1: Insights from the Phase 3 BRIGHTE Study","authors":"M. Lataillade, Peter Ackerman, T. Schoofs, A. Clark, M. Kozal","doi":"10.33696/aids.3.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/aids.3.019","url":null,"abstract":"Fostemsavir (RukobiaTM, ViiV Healthcare, Research Triangle Park, NC), a prodrug of the first-in-class attachment inhibitor temsavir, was developed to provide a much-needed new therapeutic option for heavily treatment-experienced (HTE) people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) who are unable to form a suppressive regimen from remaining viable antiretroviral (ARV) agents because of multidrug resistance, contraindications, prior intolerance, or other safety considerations [1-4]. Effective treatment for this vulnerable population can be complicated by other challenges in addition to multidrug resistance, including low CD4+ T-cell counts, comorbidities, psychosocial factors, and non-adherence to complex regimens [4-9]. Regulatory approval of fostemsavir was based on results from the phase 3 BRIGHTE study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02362503) showing that, in HTE adults who were failing their current ARV regimen with limited remaining treatment options, fostemsavir combined with optimized background therapy (OBT) was generally well tolerated and resulted in a distinctive trend of increasing virologic response rates (by intention-to-treat–exposed [ITT-E] Snapshot and observed analysis) and increases in CD4+ T-cell counts through 96 weeks [1,4]. In this commentary, we dig deeper into the rationale for the BRIGHTE study design, expand upon the remarkable patterns of virologic and immunologic response observed in BRIGHTE, and consider how these patterns may be related to the unique mode of action of fostemsavir (temsavir). The BRIGHTE Clinical Study Design was Appropriate for HTE PLWH","PeriodicalId":14896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88368622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Commentary – HIV-Induced Extracranial Carotid Ectasia and Stroke 评论- hiv诱导的颅外颈动脉扩张和中风

Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.33696/aids.3.017

R. Lalla, P. Raghavan, J. Cole

引用次数: 0