International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science最新文献

{"title":"Automatic Generation Control of Simplified Egyptian Power System Using Fractional Order PI Controller Based on PSO","authors":"Ali Mohamed Ali, Mohamed Shawky Saad, Adel El Amari, Mohamed Ahamed Moustafa Hassan","doi":"10.11648/j.ijees.20230802.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20230802.11","url":null,"abstract":": In this Paper, Fraction Order (FO) PI controller is tested in order to find the optimized gains for Automatic Generation Control (AGC) controller by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to represent the Simplified Egyptian Power System (SEPS) to achieve the development of power grid for the sustainable growth of Egypt. The mission of AGC is to return primary frequency regulation capability, bring back the frequency to its predefined set point in addition to reduce power fluctuation due to unplanned tie-line power flows among nearby control zones. The suggested controller is built using actual statistical records of SEPS for minimum and maximum loading situations of the SEPS in Winter and Summer of 2019-2020","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129105396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Air Environment Carrying Capacity of Dolvi, Maharashtra","authors":"null Sunayana, R. Vijay, Anand K. Rai, Shashikant Kamble","doi":"10.11648/j.ijees.20230801.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20230801.12","url":null,"abstract":": Assimilative capacity of air environment in Dolvi, Maharashtra was evaluated. AERMOD was applied to pin down the spatial distribution of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations. The baseline air quality was delineated, and it was found that PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were beyond National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) in every season. The major contribution to these particulates were from fugitive emissions i","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129871723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Carbon Sequestration and Sink Potential: A Surrogate for Ecosystem Carrying Capacity in Dolvi Region, India","authors":"null Sunayana, R. Vijay","doi":"10.11648/j.ijees.20230801.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20230801.13","url":null,"abstract":": The socio-economic development activities are aimed to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants along with industrial growth of the region. The development activity proposing expansion or new construction is anticipated to affect environment and hence any ecosystem existing in the vicinity of development activity needs to be assessed. In this study, an attempt has been made to assess the changes in existing ecosystem services due to expansion of industry and construction activities in the Dolvi region. For assessing the carrying capacity of region in such scenario indicators like NDVI, NDWI, Vegetation NDWI and forest ecosystem services such as carbon stock are estimated using geospatial techniques. To account for the possibility and effect of development on forest ecosystem, remote sensing and field analysis was carried out to estimate the status of indicators along with carbon sequestration and sink potential for the region. The NDVI value of 0.87 show healthy vegetation existing in the region. The NDWI has indicated the presence of water indicating region is not under water stress. From the current biomass estimation","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124986663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Municipal Organic Solid Waste to Energy: A Case Study of the West Bank-Palestine","authors":"Iyad Abdul Jawwad Osaily, Husain Rashad Alsamamra, Jawad Hasan Shoqeir","doi":"10.11648/j.ijees.20230801.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20230801.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121240319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre Extension Demonstration of Tef Technologies at Midlands of Guji Zone, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"K. Basha, A. Girma, Korji Dembi","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEES.20210605.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEES.20210605.11","url":null,"abstract":"Midland area of Guji zone was potential for tef production. However, the productivity of the crop is below its potential at farm level due to lack of improved varieties. To solve this problem demonstration of improved tef varieties were initiated to evaluate yield performance, evaluate profitability of the improved tef technologies and assess farmers’ feedbacks for further development of tef production during 2018/19 and 2019/20 years. Three potential districts were selected based on their tef potential production. From each district two kebeles were selected. 32 experimental farmers were used for this demonstration. Dagim and Tesfa improved varieties were demonstrated with standard check on 10mx10m area. A seed rate of 10kg/ha by a spacing of 20cm between rows, drilling of tef in the line of rows and 121kg/ha of NPS fertilizer was used. Descriptive statistics, one way ANOVA, General Linear Model, qualitative and cost benefit analysis were used to analyze the data. Higher yield (19.06 qt/ha) was obtained from Dagim variety while Tesfa generated 14.09 qt/ha. Lower yield (8.9 qt/ha) was harvested from the standard check. The result of one way ANOVA showed that there was a significance difference in Tesfa variety production at the three districts. The result of the Tukey test indicated that there was a significant difference between Shakiso and Adola district (p=0.012) with Shakiso experimental farmers harvested on average 2.77 quintals of Tesfa more than Adola experimental farmers. The cost benefit analysis result showed that 38,042, 24,464 and 8,058 ETB/ha was obtained from Dagim, Tesfa and Tseday varieties respectively. Early mature, market demand and high yield of tef variety was preferred by farmers in the study area. Farmers selected Tesfa and Tseday as they were slightly early mature variety than Dagim. Tesfa and Tseday varieties were lower yield than Dagim variety. Based on the preference of the farmers, grain yield obtained and returns Dagim and Tesfa varieties were recommended for scaling up in the study area and similar agro-ecologies.","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131289418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Sugar Industry Organic Wastes in Reducing Soil Compatibility in Soils of Three Ethiopian Sugar Estates","authors":"Tesfaye Wakgari","doi":"10.11648/j.ijees.20210604.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210604.13","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporation of sugarcane industry by-products into soil can reduce the susceptibility of soils to compaction. However, the significance of incorporated filter cake and filter cake compost at different soil water contents at the time of compaction using proctor test load is not well documented. In this context, study was conducted at three Ethiopian sugar Estates in 2017 to examine the effect of filter cake and filter cake compost incorporation to three soils different in clay content on soil maximum dry density, total porosity at MDD, critical moisture content under laboratory conditions. Sugarcane residues were added to soils at rates of 0, 7.75 g of residues per kg of soils. The results of the study showed that the maximum dry bulk density with no sugarcane residue added was achieved at 15.94% for light, 25% for medium and 28.6% for heavy clay. Filter cake incorporated at the rate of 30 t ha-1 reduced the soil compactibility induced by proctor test load at water content of 0.7 PL for light clay soils, 0.97 PL for medium clay and at water content of 0.98 PL for the heavy clay soils. In all three soil types at 0 t ha-1 and 30 t ha-1 residue application levels, the total porosity attained a minimum value at critical moisture content and critical moisture content for the maximum dry density increased as the clay content increased. Filter cake and filter cake compost reduced the maximum dry density of heavy clay soil by 4 and 27.6%, respectively, as compared to the control. Nevertheless, this residues increased total porosity at critical moisture content, respectively, by 2.44 and 46.9% over the control for heavy clay soils. Therefore, it can be concluded that sugarcane residue was most effective in reducing soil compactibility at moisture content less than PL compared to water content higher than PL. Moreover, filter cake compost was more effective in reducing soil compactibility than filter cake. Finally, the study recommended that the heavy machineries operation during sugarcane seedbed preparation and harvesting; shall be made when soil moisture is below 0.60, 0.9 and 0.91 PL, respectively, for light, medium and heavy clay soils and after treating the soil with either filter cake or filter cake compost tentatively. Nevertheless, in order to give conclusive recommendation further research studies are needed for more soil clay levels for the case of filter cake compost and more rates for both sugarcane residues.","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122508281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Energy Requirements for Uganda: Case for Natural Gas","authors":"M. J. B. Abraham, Kaggwa Ronald, Werikhe Aaron, Ajidiru Rita, Kandwanaho Jonan, Guloba Asuman, Muvawala Joseph","doi":"10.11648/j.ijees.20210604.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210604.11","url":null,"abstract":"About 89 percent of Uganda’s total primary energy consumption is generated through biomass. With the country aspiring to become an upper middle-income country by 2040, the total energy requirement is estimated to be 41,738 MW. Currently, 2,000 MW are being produced and the energy mix is dominated by biomass. With a population projected to be 85 million by 2040, there is an urgent need to increase on the generation capacity and diversify and introduce new alternative renewable sources of energy supply especially at the household level. This study was conducted to assess the extent of energy requirements and usage in the country and challenges that need to be addressed to enable the country transition to clean, more sustainable energy sources, with the focus on natural gas. The overall aim was to identify potential demand for natural gas and readiness for its use in the industry and household level. 227 households were visited and the top 25 energy consuming companies. It was discovered that the average LPG consumption per capita is 0.2 – 0.5 kg/year compared to other sub-Sahara countries with an average LPG per capita consumption of 3 kg/year. Even though 22% of the population can afford LPG at the household level, only 0.8-1% use it due to negative attitude, safety concerns, difficult access and the high initial cost of purchasing the cylinders. All industrial stakeholders are eager and ready to take on natural gas to meet their energy needs as long as the cost/benefit analysis is favourable. The natural gas that will be required to produce 550,0000 tpa of liquid steel by 2024 will be 165-176 million Nm3 per year. The most favourable source of supply of natural gas to Uganda is from Tanzania.","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"274 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116627461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Climate Characteristics in North Eastern Ethiopia: Case Study of North Wollo Zone","authors":"Wagaye Bahiru, Eshetu Zewdu","doi":"10.11648/j.ijees.20210603.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210603.12","url":null,"abstract":"In Ethiopia, agriculture is the most important sector; the corner stone of the economy; which is a source of livelihood for more than 85% of Ethiopians; and contributes nearly 50% of the Growth Domestic Product (GDP) of the country. However, the production performance of the sector is largely depending on the good will of seasonal climate characteristics due to its long-lasting marriage of rain-fed based farming system. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the climate characteristics of a region, in north eastern Ethiopia, using seventeen meteorological stations having 31 years of observed rainfall and temperature time series data. Rainfall variability of annual and seasonal climate characteristics were subjected for rainfall anomaly index and coefficient of variation statistics and Mann-Kendall trend test approach were applied to investigate trends of rainfall and temperature in the region over the last 31-years. The result shows that rainfall and temperature were varied across location and time. In this region, mean annual rainfall ranges from 531 mm; over some pocket areas of western, central and north eastern parts; to 1005mm in south eastern region of north Wollo. In terms of rainfall distribution, the area receives rainfall two times a year; from June to September (kiremt) and from Mid-February to Mid-May (Belg) period. In this regard, rainfall during belg is highly erratic and unstable relative to the main growing season. The location wide analysis concluded that variation in season onset; cessation and growing season length were observed across from location to location. According to the study, 4-July (DOY=166) and 4-Octoner (DOY=278), in respective order, were estimated as mean dates that the season starts and ends. Further, the analysis revealed, in general, the season onset ranges from 15-June (at Lalibela) to 16-July (at Tekulishi); and end of growing season varies from 21-September (Zobil) to 15-October (Sirinka). In general, investigating annual and seasonal climate characteristics; particularly the characteristics of onset, cessation and length of growing season: helps to undertake manageable farming practices that would be suited with local climate potentials. Indeed, climate information has a huge impact on management of seasonal farming activities that would be undertaken during preseason, in season, and post season farming activities.","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116303112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Requirement for Maize Crop Under Climate Change in Mirab Abaya Woreda, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"A. Legesse","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEES.20210603.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEES.20210603.11","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a topic of discussion worldwide including in Ethiopia. Ethiopia is one of the country’s most vulnerable to the impacts of climate variability and change on agriculture. This study investigates were to examine crop water requirements under climate changes scenarios for maize crop at Mirab-abaya woreda which is situated in 6.18◦ N latitude and 37.77◦E longitude. Dynamically downscaled climate model outputs were obtained from the CORDEX-Africa program for (RCP) Representative Concentration Pathway of both scenarios which were used for future climatic conditions of the future periods; (2021 – 2050). The projected data was quality checked, biased corrected and model performance was evaluated. Mann Kendall's trend detection and Sen.’s slope estimator were used by XLSTAT software to evaluate the trends of projection and to detect changes. Hargreaves method was used to estimate current and future crop evapotranspiration of Maize. The result for observed and future revealed that the maximum and minimum temperatures increase in all time horizons. However, Projections of future rainfall suggest that annual rainfall decreases in both scenarios, the current and future potential evapotranspiration show that increasing trend in both cases except the observed Mirab-abaya station.","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130198910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango","authors":"Diolene Ali","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEES.20210602.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEES.20210602.13","url":null,"abstract":"The study was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of the altitudinal gradient on the structure and diversity of the tree community on Mount Unango, for this, where 3 strata were allocated with 25 plots each, all with 100m². After its development, it was found in strata1, 2 and 3, a total of 1919 tree individuals distributed in 33 species, 25 genera, and 16 botanical families. The families best represented in number of species were: Fabaceae, and Caesalpinaceae. The species Catunaregam obovata, Piliostigma thonningii, Syzygium guineense, Parinari curatellifolia, Cussonia arborea and Annona senegalensis were present in all altimetric strata at Unango Mount. The diversity was: 1,9, 2,6, and 1.8 respectively for strata 1, 2 and 3. Analytically there was a high similarity between the strata 1 and 2 studied with 50% in the Jaccard index (9 species in common), and lower similarity between strata 1 and 3 (1 species in common) with 25% of the index. The gradient studied presents a peak of diversity and richness at intermediate altitudes. And there was an abrupt transition in terms of the composition in the upper stratus (1040m), which presents most of its floristic composition with characteristics of the high mountain ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":148731,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124834737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}