Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health最新文献_第5页

Interaction between Cadmium and Zinc on Cell Damage and Its Possible Mechanisms (Proceedings of the 21st Symposium on Toxicology and Environmental Health) 镉和锌对细胞损伤的相互作用及其可能机制(第21届毒理学与环境卫生学术研讨会论文集)

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1996-02-29 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.42.P20

A. Mishima, C. Yamamoto, Y. Fujiwara, M. Sakamoto, T. Kaji

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Bactericidal Activity of Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-Iodine for Hygienic Hand Disinfection 葡萄糖酸氯己定与聚维酮碘用于手部卫生消毒的杀菌活性评价

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1995-12-31 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.41.419

T. Akamatsu, K. Tabata, M. Hironaga, M. Uyeda

{"title":"Evaluation of the Bactericidal Activity of Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-Iodine for Hygienic Hand Disinfection","authors":"T. Akamatsu, K. Tabata, M. Hironaga, M. Uyeda","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.41.419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.41.419","url":null,"abstract":"With the aim of revaluating short-time hygienic hand disinfection in general wards, the efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and povidone-iodine (PVI) was studied using the glove-juice procedure. In addition, the in vitro bactericidal activity of these antiseptics against 9 different bacterial strains was studied. Test groups of volunteers who disinfected their hands in a basin containing an aqueous solution of either 0.2% CHG or 0.2% PVI showed significantly inferior disinfection efficacy when compared to test groups which applied detergent solutions containing 4% CHG or 7.5% PVI directly onto their palms, scrubbed their hands, and washed the disinfectant away with running water, or to test groups which disinfected their hands by rubbing them with 0.2% CHG in 80% ethanol or 0.5% PVI in 80% ethanol. In addition, for the test groups which used CHG preparations (4% CHG in detergent, 0.2% CHG in 80% ethanol, or 0.2% aqueous CHG), the disinfection efficacy was maintained, even at 90 min after disinfection, as well as immediately after disinfection. However, for the test groups which used PVI preparations (7.5% PVI in detergent, 0.5% PVI in 80% ethanol, or 0.2% aqueous PVI), the disinfection efficacy at 90 min after disinfection was distinctly reduced. Furthermore, it became evident from the results of the in vitro bactericidal activity study that, compared to CHG, the bactericidal efficacy of PVI is reduced to a large extent in the presence of organic matter. These study results showed that the efficacy of CHG is superior to PVI, even in short-time hygienic hand disinfection.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"53 1","pages":"419-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89207337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Determination of Pantothenyl Alcohol, Pantothenyl Ethyl Ether in Cosmetics by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. 高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中泛乙烯醇、泛乙烯乙醚的含量。

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1995-12-31 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.41.458

Michiko Haruyama, Eiko Kosugi, Y. Okaya

引用次数: 1

Diurnal Concentrations of 1, 3-, 1, 6-, 1, 8-Dinitropyrenes, 1-Nitropyrene and Benzo [a] pyrene in Air in Downtown Kanazawa and the Contribution of Diesel-Engine Vehicles 金泽市区空气中1,3 -、1,6 -、1,8 -二硝基芘、1-硝基芘和苯并[a]芘的日浓度及柴油车的贡献

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1995-10-31 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.41.328

T. Murahashi, M. Miyazaki, Ryuichi Kakizawa, Yoshihisa Yamagishi, M. Kitamura, K. Hayakawa

{"title":"Diurnal Concentrations of 1, 3-, 1, 6-, 1, 8-Dinitropyrenes, 1-Nitropyrene and Benzo [a] pyrene in Air in Downtown Kanazawa and the Contribution of Diesel-Engine Vehicles","authors":"T. Murahashi, M. Miyazaki, Ryuichi Kakizawa, Yoshihisa Yamagishi, M. Kitamura, K. Hayakawa","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.41.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.41.328","url":null,"abstract":"Direct-acting mutagenic 1, 3-dinitropyrene (1, 3-DNP), 1, 6-DNP, 1, 8-DNP and 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and indirect-acting mutagenic benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) in airborne particulates collected by the side of a busy intersection in downtown Kanazawa were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with chemiluminescence and fluorescence detection. Time courses of their concentrations were high in the morning (8 : 00-10 : 00) and evening (16 : 00-20 : 00) and low from the midnight until early morning (0 : 00-6 : 00). Levels of each DNP (in the range of fmol/m3) and 1-NP (in the range of sub pmol/m3) were, respectively, more than three and about one order of magnitude lower than that of BaP. Large correlation coefficients (0.85-0.91) between their concentrations, traffic volume, and carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide concentrations suggested that the main source was vehicles. Utilizing the concentration ratios, ([1, 3-DNP]+[1, 6-DNP]+[1, 8-DNP])/[1-NP], in airborne particulates (0.014), gasoline particulates (0.56) and diesel particulates (0.013), contributions (%) of dieselengine vehicles to the three DNPs and 1-NP in the air were estimated to be 94.3% and 99.8%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"86 1","pages":"328-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80916819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Risk Assessment : Present and Future 风险评估:现在和未来

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1995-08-31 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.41.256

O. Wada, N. Kurihara, Gao Qiang

{"title":"Risk Assessment : Present and Future","authors":"O. Wada, N. Kurihara, Gao Qiang","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.41.256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.41.256","url":null,"abstract":"Risk assessment is a scientific endeavour to evaluate and estimate the exposure to a substance and its consequent adverse health effects by the use of the available scientific information. The four phases of the risk assessment include hazard identification, exposure estimation, doseresponse assessment and risk characterization. Recently, risk management and risk communication have been added as its final components. At present, however, methods for identifying toxicants and exposed individuals and populations, models for inferring human health effects from animal studies, techniques for estimating risks and predicting health effects with few data are all in need of improvement or development. Fortunately, remarkable advances in biotoxicology and molecular biology have promoted new understandings in the mechanism of disease. Incorporation of these new data moved the evaluation closer to the goal of estimating actual human risks. Recently developed physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models for the estimation of active chemical levels at critical organs and their conjugation with biologically-based pharmacodynamic models of the process of carcinogenesis seem to be not only an essential part of a rational approach to quantitative cancer risk assessment, but also raise fundamental questions about the nature of the events leading to malignancy. These scientific progress will develop sound risk assessment, dissolve the wide divergency in regulatory decisions of agencies in different countries, and lead to better health protection.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"11 1","pages":"256-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84337495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Specificity and Mechanism of the Color Reaction of Cocaine with Cobaltous Thiocyanate 可卡因与硫氰酸钴显色反应的特异性及机制

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1995-08-31 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.41.274

K. Oguri, S. Wada, S. Eto, H. Yamada

引用次数: 15

Cholera in the 1990s : a disease on the rampage 20世纪90年代的霍乱:一种肆虐的疾病

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1995-08-31 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.41.239

G. Nair, S. Shinoda

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Tire Tread Rubber Particles and Rubber Additives in Airborne Particulates at a Roadside 路边空气中轮胎胎面橡胶颗粒及橡胶添加剂的分析

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1995-04-30 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.41.155

Takako Yamaguchi, Hiroyasu Yamazaki, A. Yamauchi, Y. Kakiuchi

{"title":"Analysis of Tire Tread Rubber Particles and Rubber Additives in Airborne Particulates at a Roadside","authors":"Takako Yamaguchi, Hiroyasu Yamazaki, A. Yamauchi, Y. Kakiuchi","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.41.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.41.155","url":null,"abstract":"Rubber particles emitted by abrasion of automobile tire tread have caused environmental pollution, and may be hazardous to our health. In this study, airborne particulate samples were collected on the glass fiber filter using high-volume air sampler at the roadside of the 2-nd Shinmei highway in Kobe. Rubber particles in the roadside atmosphere were analyzed by pyrolysis gas chromatography. The concentration of rubber particles was estimated from the total amount of styrene and isoprene, because these two compounds are pyrolysates of styrene butadiene rubber and natural rubber which are main materials for tires. These concentrations were 0.5-10.5 μg/m3, which corresponded to 0.4-6.3% of total airborne particulates. These concentrations were higher than those in other reports, because the sampling point was the roadside of the highway in this experiment. Furthermore quantitative and qualitative analyses of rubber additives (Zn-DMDTC and IPPD) in airborne particulates were carried out by HPLC, GC and MS. Zn-DMDTC, after converted into Co-DMDTC, in airborne particulates was analyzed by HPLC. The concentrations of Zn-DMDTC were 0-5.1 pg/m3. The detected amount of Zn-DMDTC did not show mutagenic activity. However, in the case of long term exposure to these tire tread particles, we must take a hazardous effect by Zn-DMDTC into consideration. On the other hand, IPPD was confirmed in none of samples by GC and MS.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"80 1","pages":"155-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83843712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Brain Uptake of the Trace Metals, Zinc and Manganese, in Rats (Proceedings of the 20th Symposium on Toxicology and Environmental Health) 大鼠对微量金属、锌和锰的脑摄取(第二十届毒理学与环境卫生学术研讨会论文集)

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1995-02-28 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.41.P49

A. Takeda, J. Sawashita, S. Okada

引用次数: 0

Heme Oxygenase as a Shock Protein 血红素加氧酶作为休克蛋白

Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health Pub Date : 1995-02-28 DOI: 10.1248/JHS1956.41.14

H. Fujita, K. Takeda, N. Ihara, K. Mitani

引用次数: 0