ISRN Microbiology最新文献

Physiological Constants of the Entomopathogenic Bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila Determined by Microbial Growth Kinetics. 通过微生物生长动力学确定昆虫病原菌 Xenorhabdus nematophila 的生理常数。

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-04-23 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/834054

Rinu Kooliyottil, Floyd Inman, Sivanadane Mandjiny, Len Holmes

{"title":"Physiological Constants of the Entomopathogenic Bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila Determined by Microbial Growth Kinetics.","authors":"Rinu Kooliyottil, Floyd Inman, Sivanadane Mandjiny, Len Holmes","doi":"10.1155/2014/834054","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2014/834054","url":null,"abstract":"Xenorhabdus nematophila, an entomopathogenic bacterium that symbiotically associates with the entomoparasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae, was studied to determine its physiological parameters of glucose utilization. X. nematophila was cultured in chemically defined media containing various concentrations of glucose under optimal conditions utilizing a two-liter fermentation system. Specific growth rates were obtained from each glucose batch. Specific growth rates and their associated glucose concentrations were used to determine physiological parameters. These parameters include the bacterium's substrate utilization constant (K s ) and its maximum specific growth rate (μ max). The bacteria exhibited a K s value of 2.02 mg/L suggesting that X. nematophila has a high affinity for glucose. The μ max of Xenorhabdus was determined to be 1.03 h(-1). Further research is needed to determine if microbial affinities to different substrates have any influence on biological relationships (symbiosis, pathogenicity, parasitism, etc.) between prokaryotes and higher organisms. ","PeriodicalId":14849,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Microbiology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"834054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4040208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32438744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Evaluation of Metallo-Beta Lactamase Genes Including bla- IMP and bla- VIM Types in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients in Tehran Hospitals. 德黑兰医院铜绿假单胞菌金属- β -内酰胺酶基因bla- IMP和bla- VIM的耐药模式及评价

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-04-23 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/941507

Samira Aghamiri, Nour Amirmozafari, Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi, Babak Fouladtan, Hossein Samadi Kafil

{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Evaluation of Metallo-Beta Lactamase Genes Including bla- IMP and bla- VIM Types in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients in Tehran Hospitals.","authors":"Samira Aghamiri, Nour Amirmozafari, Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi, Babak Fouladtan, Hossein Samadi Kafil","doi":"10.1155/2014/941507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/941507","url":null,"abstract":"Beta-lactamase producing strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are important etiological agents of hospital infections. Carbapenems are among the most effective antibiotics used against Pseudomonas infections, but they can be rendered infective by group B β -lactamase, commonly called metallo-beta lactamase. In this study, the antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from 9 different hospitals in Tehran, Iran, as well as the prevalence of MBLs genes (bla- VIM and bla- IMP ) were determined. A total of 212 strains of P. aeruginosa recovered from patients in hospitals in Tehran were confirmed by both biochemical methods and PCR. Their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns were determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Following MIC determination, imipenem resistant strains were selected by DDST method which was followed by PCR tests for determination of MBLs genes: bla- IMP and bla- VIM . The results indicated that, in the DDST phenotypic method, among the 100 imipenem resistant isolates, 75 strains were MBLs positive. The PCR test indicated that 70 strains (33%) carried bla- VIM gene and 20 strains (9%) harbored bla- IMP . The results indicated that the extent of antibiotic resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa is on the rise. This may be due to production of MBLs enzymes. Therefore, determination of antibiotic sensitivity patterns and MBLs production by these bacteria, can be important in control of clinical Pseudomonas infection. ","PeriodicalId":14849,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Microbiology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"941507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/941507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32438745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

Function and Evolution of the Sox Multienzyme Complex in the Marine Gammaproteobacterium Congregibacter litoralis. 海洋沿岸聚集杆菌中Sox多酶复合物的功能和进化

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-03-31 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/597418

Stefan Spring

{"title":"Function and Evolution of the Sox Multienzyme Complex in the Marine Gammaproteobacterium Congregibacter litoralis.","authors":"Stefan Spring","doi":"10.1155/2014/597418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/597418","url":null,"abstract":"Core sets of sox genes were detected in several genome sequenced members of the environmental important OM60/NOR5 clade of marine gammaproteobacteria. However, emendation of media with thiosulfate did not result in stimulation of growth in two of these strains and cultures of Congregibacter litoralis DSM 17192T did not oxidize thiosulfate to sulfate in concentrations of one mmol L−1 or above. On the other hand, a significant production of sulfate was detected upon growth with the organic sulfur compounds, cysteine and glutathione. It was found that degradation of glutathione resulted in the formation of submillimolar amounts of thiosulfate in the closely related sox-negative strain Chromatocurvus halotolerans DSM 23344T. It is proposed that the Sox multienzyme complex in Congregibacter litoralis and related members of the OM60/NOR5 clade is adapted to the oxidation of submillimolar amounts of thiosulfate and nonfunctional at higher concentrations of reduced inorganic sulfur compounds. Pelagic bacteria thriving in the oxic zones of marine environments may rarely encounter amounts of thiosulfate, which would allow its utilization as electron donor for lithoautotrophic or mixotrophic growth. Consequently, in evolution the Sox multienzyme complex in some of these bacteria may have been optimized for the effective utilization of trace amounts of thiosulfate generated from the degradation of organic sulfur compounds.","PeriodicalId":14849,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Microbiology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"597418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/597418","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32491358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Carbapenem- and Polymyxin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from a Tertiary Hospital in Terengganu, Malaysia. 马来西亚登嘉楼某三级医院分离的耐碳青霉烯类和耐多粘菌素鲍曼不动杆菌的流行及遗传特征

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-03-19 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/953417

Soo-Sum Lean, Zarizal Suhaili, Salwani Ismail, Nor Iza A Rahman, Norlela Othman, Fatimah Haslina Abdullah, Zakaria Jusoh, Chew Chieng Yeo, Kwai-Lin Thong

{"title":"Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Carbapenem- and Polymyxin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from a Tertiary Hospital in Terengganu, Malaysia.","authors":"Soo-Sum Lean, Zarizal Suhaili, Salwani Ismail, Nor Iza A Rahman, Norlela Othman, Fatimah Haslina Abdullah, Zakaria Jusoh, Chew Chieng Yeo, Kwai-Lin Thong","doi":"10.1155/2014/953417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/953417","url":null,"abstract":"Nosocomial infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii is of great concern due to its increasing resistance to most antimicrobials. In this study, 54 nonrepeat isolates of A. baumannii from the main tertiary hospital in Terengganu, Malaysia, were analyzed for their antibiograms and genotypes. Out of the 54 isolates, 39 (72.2%) were multidrug resistant (MDR) and resistant to carbapenems whereas 14 (25.9%) were categorized as extensive drug resistant (XDR) with additional resistance to polymyxin B, the drug of \"last resort.\" Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analyses showed that the polymyxin-resistant isolates were genetically diverse while the carbapenem-resistant isolates were clonally related. The 14 XDR isolates were further investigated for mutations in genes known to mediate polymyxin resistance, namely, pmrCAB, and the lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes, lpxA, lpxC, lpxD, and lpsB. All 14 isolates had a P102H mutation in pmrA with no mutation detected in pmrC and pmrB. No mutation was detected in lpxA but each polymyxin-resistant isolate had 2-4 amino acid substitutions in lpxD and 1-2 substitutions in lpxC. Eight resistant isolates also displayed a unique H181Y mutation in lpsB. The extent of polymyxin resistance is of concern and the novel mutations discovered here warrant further investigations. ","PeriodicalId":14849,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Microbiology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"953417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/953417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32491359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 58

Investigation of Bacterial Cellulose Biosynthesis Mechanism in Gluconoacetobacter hansenii. Gluconoacetobacter hansenii 细菌纤维素生物合成机制研究

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-03-16 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/836083

Bhavna V Mohite, Satish V Patil

引用次数: 0

Emergence of bla TEM Type Extended-Spectrum β -Lactamase Producing Salmonella spp. in the Urban Area of Bangladesh. 孟加拉国城市地区bla TEM型广谱产β -内酰胺酶沙门氏菌的出现。

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-03-10 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/715310

Dilruba Ahmed, Abu Iftiaf Md Salah Ud-Din, Syeda Umme Habiba Wahid, Razib Mazumder, Kamrun Nahar, Anowar Hossain

{"title":"Emergence of bla TEM Type Extended-Spectrum β -Lactamase Producing Salmonella spp. in the Urban Area of Bangladesh.","authors":"Dilruba Ahmed, Abu Iftiaf Md Salah Ud-Din, Syeda Umme Habiba Wahid, Razib Mazumder, Kamrun Nahar, Anowar Hossain","doi":"10.1155/2014/715310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/715310","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonellosis, an acute invasive enteric infection, is endemic in Bangladesh. We analyzed 128,312 stool samples of diarrheal patients to identify Salmonella spp. during 2005-2013. A total of 2120 (1.7%) Salmonella spp. were isolated and the prevalence of Salmonella spp. decreased significantly over time (2→1%, P < 0.001). Among the typhoidal Salmonella (TS) serogroups, S. Typhi was predominant (404, [65.1%]) followed by S. Paratyphi B (139, [22.4%]) and S. Paratyphi A (78, [12.6%]). Of the nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) isolates, the serogroup C1 (560, [37%]) was predominant followed by B (379, [25%]), C2 (203, [14%]), E (127, [9%]), and D (94, [6%]). Most of the resistance was found towards nalidixic acid (40%), ampicillin (36%), cotrimoxazole (20%), chloramphenicol (13%), ciprofloxacin (4%), and ceftriaxone (4%). Interestingly, 32% of the isolates showed reduced susceptibility to Cip. Multiantibiotic resistance (MAR, ≥3 drugs) was more common among TS than NTS strains (P < 0.001). Among the representative ceftriaxone-resistant isolates, bla TEM gene was detected among 88% (7/8) of the strains, whereas only one strain of S. Typhi was positive for both bla TEM and bla CTX-M genes. The study reflects higher prevalence of MAR Salmonella spp. and is the first to report the bla TEM gene mediated ESBL production among Salmonellae in Bangladesh. Emergence of MAR Salmonella spp. in particular ESBL strains should be considered a public health concern. ","PeriodicalId":14849,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Microbiology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"715310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/715310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32567382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Comparative Assessment of Factors Involved in Acetoin Synthesis by Bacillus subtilis 168. 枯草芽孢杆菌合成乙酰素相关因子的比较研究[j]。

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-03-10 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/578682

Pratibha Sharma, Santosh Noronha

引用次数: 7

Prevalence, clinical features, and outcome of pseudomonas bacteremia in under-five diarrheal children in bangladesh. 孟加拉国五岁以下腹泻儿童假单胞菌菌血症的患病率、临床特征和结果

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-03-09 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/469758

Farhana Akram, Mark A C Pietroni, Pradip Kumar Bardhan, Samira Bibi, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti

{"title":"Prevalence, clinical features, and outcome of pseudomonas bacteremia in under-five diarrheal children in bangladesh.","authors":"Farhana Akram, Mark A C Pietroni, Pradip Kumar Bardhan, Samira Bibi, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti","doi":"10.1155/2014/469758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/469758","url":null,"abstract":"We sought to evaluate the prevalence, associated factors, and outcome of under-five diarrheal children with either sex having Pseudomonas bacteremia. A retrospective chart review of under-five diarrheal children admitted to the Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), from January 2011 to December 2011 was performed using an online hospital management system. Children with Pseudomonas bacteremia constituted the cases (n = 31), and the controls (n = 124), without Pseudomonas bacteremia, were randomly selected. The prevalence of Pseudomonas bacteremia was 1% (31/5,179). The Pseudomonas was multidrug resistant but was 84% sensitive to ceftazidime and 100% to imipenem. The case-fatality rate was significantly higher among the cases than the controls (26% versus 5%; P = 0.003). In logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for potential confounders such as severe wasting, severe underweight, severe pneumonia, and young age (11.71 (4.0, 18.0) months), the cases more often presented with absent peripheral pulses in absence of dehydration (95% CI = 2.31-24.45) on admission. This finding underscores the importance of early identification of this simple clinical sign to ensure prompt management including fluid resuscitation and broad spectrum antibiotics to help reduce morbidity and mortality in such children, especially in resource-poor settings. ","PeriodicalId":14849,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Microbiology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"469758"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/469758","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32265243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Influence of Stress Connected with Moving to a New Farm on Potentially MAP-Infected Mouflons. 迁移到新农场的压力对潜在地图感染摩弗伦人的影响。

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-03-04 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/450130

Radka Pribylova-Dziedzinska, Iva Slana, Jiri Lamka, Ivo Pavlik

{"title":"Influence of Stress Connected with Moving to a New Farm on Potentially MAP-Infected Mouflons.","authors":"Radka Pribylova-Dziedzinska, Iva Slana, Jiri Lamka, Ivo Pavlik","doi":"10.1155/2014/450130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/450130","url":null,"abstract":"There is no European legislation concerning paratuberculosis that requires that imported animals be kept in quarantine and commonly they are directly released into areas with other animals. In this study, detection of latent infection of paratuberculosis in healthy mouflons previously diagnosed as paratuberculosis-free, but originating from a real time quantitative PCR- (qPCR-) positive herd, occurred after their transport to a new farm. During a twelve-day quarantine period, all mouflons irregularly shed Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in faeces, and in a small number of cases also in milk. After the animals were released from quarantine, MAP was detected for a further two days, after which, testing was negative, except in one case. Therefore, the stress connected with transport, novel environment, dietary change, or limited area with high density of animals might have contributed to the induction of paratuberculosis and the shedding of MAP from the animals, previously diagnosed as MAP-negative. According to these results, the keeping of imported animals in quarantine and their examination for MAP presence not only before the transport but also afterwards should be recommended. The designation of a particular area of a farm as a quarantine enclosure could help to mitigate the impact of stress caused by a confined space with a high density of animals. ","PeriodicalId":14849,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Microbiology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"450130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/450130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32259336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Tonsil and Jejunum with Lymph Node Tissues of Slaughtered Swine in Metro Manila, Philippines. 菲律宾马尼拉大都会屠宰猪扁桃体和空肠及淋巴结组织肠炎沙门氏菌的耐药性分析。

ISRN Microbiology Pub Date : 2014-03-04 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/364265

Kamela Charmaine S Ng, Windell L Rivera

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Tonsil and Jejunum with Lymph Node Tissues of Slaughtered Swine in Metro Manila, Philippines.","authors":"Kamela Charmaine S Ng, Windell L Rivera","doi":"10.1155/2014/364265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/364265","url":null,"abstract":"Due to frequent antibiotic exposure, swine is now recognized as potential risk in disseminating drug-resistant Salmonella enterica strains. This study thus subjected 20 randomly selected S. enterica isolates from tonsil and jejunum with lymph node (JLN) tissues of swine slaughtered in Metro Manila, Philippines, to VITEK 2 antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). The test revealed all 20 isolates had resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent, in which highest occurrence of resistance was to amikacin (100%), cefazolin (100%), cefuroxime (100%), cefuroxime axetil (100%), cefoxitin (100%), and gentamicin (100%), followed by ampicillin (50%), and then by sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim (30%). Three multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates were detected. The sole S. enterica serotype Enteritidis isolate showed resistance to 12 different antibiotics including ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, amikacin, gentamicin, and tigecycline. This study is the first to report worldwide on the novel resistance to tigecycline of MDR S. enterica serotype Enteritidis isolated from swine tonsil tissues. This finding poses huge therapeutic challenge since MDR S. enterica infections are associated with increased rate of hospitalization or death. Thus, continual regulation of antimicrobial use in food animals and prediction of resistant serotypes are crucial to limit the spread of MDR S. enterica isolates among hogs and humans. ","PeriodicalId":14849,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Microbiology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"364265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/364265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32255128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7