Irrigation and Drainage最新文献

{"title":"Resilience Assessment of Tomato Crop Chlorophyll Fluorescence Against Water Stress Under Elevated CO2 and Protective Cultivation","authors":"Muhammad Akhlaq, Henglu Miao, Chuan Zhang, Haofang Yan, Xue Run, Junaid Nawaz Chauhdary, Muhammad Mahmood ur Rehman, Jun Li, Jiangtao Ren","doi":"10.1002/ird.3079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Water scarcity is a crucial issue that reduces plant growth and yield worldwide. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, which are associated with plant growth and yield under water stress, are the most sensitive plant parameters. The mitigation of water stress by elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (e[CO<sub>2</sub>]) by chlorophyll fluorescence for tomato growth is rare. Tomato plants were grown in a controlled environment chambers (CECs) under eight treatments under controlled environmental conditions for two growing seasons: autumn–winter (<i>AW</i>) 2021 and spring–summer (<i>SS</i>) 2022. The four irrigation regimes included 40%–50% soil water holding capacity (WHC) (I<sub>1</sub>), 60%–70% WHC (I<sub>2</sub>), 80%–90% WHC (I<sub>3</sub>) and 100% WHC (I<sub>4</sub>). Eight treatments of four irrigation regimes coupled with e[CO<sub>2</sub>] (700 μmol·mol<sup>−1</sup>) and ambient CO<sub>2</sub> (a[CO<sub>2</sub>], 500 μmol·mol<sup>−1</sup>) were designed, respectively: I<sub>1</sub>e[CO<sub>2</sub>], I<sub>2</sub>e[CO<sub>2</sub>], I<sub>3</sub>e[CO<sub>2</sub>], I<sub>4</sub>e[CO<sub>2</sub>], I<sub>1</sub>a[CO<sub>2</sub>], I<sub>2</sub>a[CO<sub>2</sub>], I<sub>3</sub>a[CO<sub>2</sub>] and I<sub>4</sub>a[CO<sub>2</sub>], where I<sub>4</sub>a[CO<sub>2</sub>] was considered the control treatment (CK). The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (<i>F</i><sub>v</sub><i>/F</i><sub>m</sub>), photochemical efficiency of PSII (<i>Ф</i><sub>PSII</sub>), electron transport rate (<i>ETR</i>) and photochemical quenching (<i>qP</i>) significantly decreased, whereas nonphotochemical quenching (<i>NPQ</i>) significantly increased under drought stress. Compared with that under CK, the maximum reduction in <i>F</i><sub>v</sub><i>/F</i><sub>m</sub> under I<sub>1</sub>a[CO<sub>2</sub>] was 14% in <i>AW</i> 2021, whereas it was 19% in <i>SS</i> 2022. The <i>Ф</i><sub>PSII</sub> was reduced by 13%–3% and 13%–6% under I<sub>1</sub>a[CO<sub>2</sub>] in <i>AW</i> 2021 and <i>SS</i> 2022, respectively (under the fixed photosynthetically active radiation range of 125–625 μmol·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>) compared with that in the CK. The <i>ETR</i> and <i>qP</i> decreased under I<sub>1</sub>a[CO<sub>2</sub>] at their maximum level in <i>AW</i> 2021 and <i>SS</i> 2022 with respect to those in the CK. The results showed that e[CO<sub>2</sub>] mitigated water stress as the <i>F</i><sub>v</sub><i>/F</i><sub>m</sub>, <i>Ф</i><sub>PSII</sub>, <i>ETR</i> and <i>qP</i> were increased under water stress coupled with e[CO<sub>2</sub>]. I<sub>1</sub>e[CO<sub>2</sub>] was the most influential treatment for chlorophyll fluorescence parameters assessed via principal component analysis (<i>PCA</i>) in <i>AW</i> 2021 and <i>SS</i> 2022. This study explained the approach to develop crop resilience against water stress by inducing e[CO<sub>2</sub>], which will play a vital role in sustainable agriculture under drought stress.</p","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"1234-1252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical and Experimental Investigations of a Double-Suction Pump With a Middle Spacer and a Staggered Impeller","authors":"Zhe Wang,&nbsp;Yongjun Chen,&nbsp;Md Rakibuzzaman,&nbsp;Ramesh Agarwal,&nbsp;Ling Zhou","doi":"10.1002/ird.3080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Double-suction pumps are among the most commonly used mechanical devices in irrigation and drainage. To investigate the effects of the impeller configuration with a spacer and staggered arrangement on the internal flow field and radial force characteristics of a double-suction centrifugal pump, a comparison investigation was conducted using the same type of pump with three different impeller configurations: a symmetrically arranged impeller without a spacer, a symmetrically arranged impeller with a spacer and a staggered 25° arrangement impeller with a spacer. This study employed a combination of experimental and numerical simulation methods to analyse changes in the head, efficiency, transient radial force and internal flow field under three typical operating conditions. The results indicate that the staggered 25° arrangement impeller with a spacer results in a higher head and efficiency than both the symmetrically arranged impellers without a spacer and those with a spacer across most working conditions. Furthermore, the efficiency improvement is most significant at low flow rates for the staggered 25° arrangement impeller with a spacer compared with the other configurations. In terms of the internal flow field, the addition of a spacer and staggered 25° arrangement impeller effectively reduces the high-velocity flow, making the pressure distribution gradient more reasonable and the turbulent kinetic energy distribution more uniform. Additionally, adding spacers and employing staggered arrangements effectively reduces the steady-state radial forces as well as the main frequency amplitude of the radial force fluctuations on the impeller. This improves both the high-velocity flow structure attenuation rate and outlet flow stability for double-suction impellers. By comparing and analysing the external characteristics, internal flow field and radial force characteristics of different impeller configurations, this study proposes an improved impeller scheme based on a spacer and staggered arrangement, which provides a new optimization idea for improving the efficiency and stability of double-suction centrifugal pumps in irrigation systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"944-956"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling of Cowpea Response to Varying Irrigation and SAP Levels Under Greenhouse Conditions Using AquaCrop","authors":"Dorcas Ndunge Benard,&nbsp;J. P. O. Obiero,&nbsp;D. O. Mbuge,&nbsp;Anna Dalla Marta","doi":"10.1002/ird.3078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Irrigation water management is key to promoting resilient crop production amidst the increasing effects of climate change. Super absorbent polymer (SAP) is an innovative technology for conserving irrigation water within arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs). AquaCrop, a water productivity model, has been used for irrigation water management. This study aimed to model the response of cowpea to various irrigation and SAP levels under greenhouse conditions via AquaCrop. The experiments included five SAP application rates [0% (control), 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15% and 0.2% to weight of the soil substrate] and five irrigation levels [full irrigation (FI), and 80%, 70%, 60% and 30% FI]. The AquaCrop model simulations matched the observed values with a normalized root mean square error of less than 16%. The simulated yield and biomass for full irrigation and 0% SAP were 5.1 and 11.0 t/ha, respectively, whereas the observed values were 5.3 and 10.8 t/ha, respectively. Treatments with SAP showed increased yield, biomass, water productivity (WP_ET) and harvest index (HI) with increased water stress up to 137%, 17%, 10% and 117%, respectively. Thus, SAP can improve crop production, and the AquaCrop model is suitable for improving irrigation water productivity within ASALs where water is scarce.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"1253-1266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ird.3078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suitability of Water Quality for Irrigation Purposes Using GIS-Based Irrigation Water Quality Index","authors":"Mehmet Şimşir,&nbsp;Sayiter Yıldız,&nbsp;Can Bülent Karakuş,&nbsp;Dilara Ülger Özbek","doi":"10.1002/ird.3074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, surface water quality was assessed on the basis of irrigation water quality indices and the irrigation water quality index (IWQI) via GIS. The study was carried out on the basis of analyses of samples collected in August (dry) and November (wet) 2023 from 12 designated points along the Yıldız River in Sivas. The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Kelly index (KI), sodium percentage (Na%), permeability index (PI), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), magnesium hazard (MH) indices and IWQI were calculated to determine the classification of irrigation water quality. Additionally, analyses of Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, Fe²⁺, K⁺, HCO₃⁻, Mg²⁺, Mn, Na⁺, pH and SO₄²⁻ were conducted on the samples. The spatial distributions of the calculated parameters were mapped via GIS, and irrigation water quality assessment was performed according to the US Salinity Diagram and irrigation water quality standards. The IWQI values ranged from 401 to 61 during the rainy season and from 42 to 67 during the dry season. In the rainy season, two surface water samples were classified as ‘poor (MR: moderate restriction, IWQI: 55–70)’ and nine as ‘very poor (HR: high restriction, IWQI: 40–55)’. In the dry season, three surface water samples were classified as ‘poor (MR: moderate restriction)’ and nine as ‘very poor (HR: high restriction)’. According to the US Salinity Diagram, the majority of surface water samples in both the rainy and dry seasons fell into categories C3S1 (high-salinity hazard–low-sodium hazard) and C2S1 (medium-salinity hazard–low-sodium hazard), respectively. The results highlight the effectiveness of these methodologies in evaluating surface water quality, assisting in the development of informed management strategies for sustainable water resource use in agricultural environments. The IWQI has proven to be a good tool for assessing the quality of irrigation water in the study area and managing water quality and can help decision makers manage water resources more effectively for sustainable agriculture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"1103-1116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Intensification of Forage Cactus by Intercropping Increases Productivity, Profitability and Water Use Efficiency","authors":"Kaique Renan da Silva Salvador,&nbsp;Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz Jardim,&nbsp;Cleber Pereira Alves,&nbsp;José Edson Florentino de Morais,&nbsp;George do Nascimento Araújo Júnior,&nbsp;Carlos André Alves de Souza,&nbsp;Marcelo José da Silva,&nbsp;João Pedro Alves de Souza Santos,&nbsp;Gabriel Italo Novaes da Silva,&nbsp;Agda Raiany Mota dos Santos,&nbsp;Luciana Sandra Bastos de Souza,&nbsp;Mário Adriano Ávila Queiroz,&nbsp;José Nildo Tabosa,&nbsp;Thieres George Freire da Silva","doi":"10.1002/ird.3076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in growth, productive performance, soil water dynamics, efficiency and economic return in production systems with forage cactus under monoculture and intercropping. The two experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2020 in the semi-arid region of Brazil. The forage cactus experiment involved monoculture and intercropping with pigeon pea, forage sunflower and sorghum (‘2502’) in all systems with mulch in the soil. The second forage cactus experiment involved monoculture and intercropping with millet and sorghum varieties (‘SF15’ and ‘1011’) without mulch in the soil. The cutting time was reduced by 155 accumulated degree-days (51 days) in the cactus-‘1011’ system. The cactus-‘2502’ and cactus-‘SF15’ systems presented the highest yields, with fresh and dry matter values equal to 272 and 52 Mg ha⁻¹ (~13 months) and 1025 and 93 Mg ha⁻¹ (~16 months), respectively. In general, the actual evapotranspiration of the intercropped crops was relatively high in terms of revenue, with the cactus-‘SF15’ crop standing out (US$ 26,100). Although intercropping affects the individual growth of the forage cactus, it promotes greater productivity (cactus-‘2502’ and cactus-‘SF15’), earlier cutting (cactus-‘1011’), water use efficiency (cactus-‘2502’ and cactus-‘SF15’) and economic return for the production system (cactus-‘2502’ and cactus-‘SF15’).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"1134-1153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Variable Frequency Drive System in Pumping Stations of Irrigation Networks Using INACSEM Model","authors":"Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari,&nbsp;Fatemeh Sadeghi,&nbsp;Hamid Raeisi Vanani,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Monem,&nbsp;Peiman Kianmehr","doi":"10.1002/ird.3071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Les ressources limitées pour la construction de nouveaux réseaux d'irrigation et la faible performance de la plupart d'entre eux ont conduit à une plus grande attention pour évaluer et améliorer la performance des réseaux. L'utilization de systèmes automatisés pour améliorer les performances et accroître la flexibilité des réseaux d'irrigation se développe. En ce qui concerne la variété d'équipements, d'algorithmes et d'applications de divers systèmes automatisés dans différentes parties des réseaux d'irrigation, il est nécessaire de développer des modèles d'évaluation de la performance qui incluent tous les aspects de l'automatisation. Dans le cadre de cette recherche, le modèle d'évaluation du système de contrôle automatique des réseaux d'irrigation (INACSEM) a été élaboré en utilisant la méthode d'évaluation classique pour évaluer les systèmes de contrôle automatisés dans les réseaux d'irrigation. Dans ce modèle, l'évaluation comprend à la fois une approche technique et une approche générale. Le point de vue technique comprend les types d'équipements, de logiciels et de structures de contrôle automatisées et leur application aux différentes étapes de fonctionnement dans différentes parties du réseau et l'approche générale, qui inclut les aspects généraux de l'évaluation, principalement les points de vue de gestion, social, économique et environnemental. Le système de télécommande (par entraînement à fréquence variable (EFV)) installé dans les stations de pompage de la plaine de Moghan a été examiné afin de montrer l'application du modèle développé. Les résultats de l'évaluation des performances du système automatique montrent une performance de 82% avec une validité de 74% dans les stations de pompage de la plaine de Moghan. Les résultats indiquent l'adéquation du modèle à évaluer les systèmes automatisés dans les réseaux d'irrigation. En tenant compte tous les aspects de l'automatisation, il indique également les problèmes de ses composants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"933-943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of Temporal and Spatial Variation of Water Quality in Agricultural Reservoir During Summer","authors":"Ui-Seok Kim,&nbsp;Sangdon Byeon,&nbsp;Eun-Mi Hong","doi":"10.1002/ird.3073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of water quality in a small-scale agricultural reservoir, the Bangok Reservoir, during the summer. The study is motivated by the increasing importance of preserving river ecosystems, ensuring irrigation water quality and expanding agricultural water use. Seven water quality parameters were monitored at multiple points from July to October 2020, and Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to understand their spatial relationships. The results revealed that the Bangok Reservoir had reached a hypertrophic state, indicating excessive nutrient levels. While heavy rainfall and dilution effects posed challenges for accurate analysis, significant correlations were observed between chlorophyll-a and total phosphorus, as well as between dissolved oxygen and pH. The trophic state index of Korea (TSIKO) indicated conditions favourable for algal growth due to phosphorus abundance. Higher concentrations of pollutants were found upstream, which was likely attributed to the inflow of livestock manure during rainfall and shallow water mixing. The study recommends the implementation of algae removal and reduction facilities in the upstream areas of the reservoir. These findings provide essential data for ongoing research on water quality in small-scale agricultural reservoirs and emphasize the importance of continuous monitoring for better environmental management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"1093-1102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the Timing of First Irrigation and Subsequent Irrigation Schedules on Direct-Seeded Furrow-Irrigated Basmati Rice: Crop Growth, Productivity, Water Balance and Profitability","authors":"Diljeet Kaur,&nbsp;Angrej Singh,&nbsp;Vinay Kumar Sindhu,&nbsp;Kanwar Barjinder Singh","doi":"10.1002/ird.3070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Addressing food security and water scarcity calls for the cultivation of rice with improved productivity while minimizing water use. To assess the impact of planting techniques and irrigation schedules on the grain yield and water productivity of direct-seeded <i>basmati</i> rice (DSBR), a 2-year field experiment was conducted. This study tested whether (1) broad beds (90:30 cm) would increase water productivity and yield compared with conventional beds (37.5:30 cm) and (2) delaying the first irrigation and optimizing schedules would improve water efficiency without reducing yield. A split-plot design was used with planting techniques (conventional and broad beds) and the timing of the first irrigation (7 and 14 DAS) in the main plots, whereas subsequent irrigation schedules (<i>IW</i>/<i>ET</i>_c values of 1.50, 1.75 and 2.0) were tested in the subplots. The results revealed that increasing the bed width did not significantly impact yield. Delaying the first irrigation saved 59 mm (5%) of water and reduced deep drainage by 107 mm (9%) without affecting yield or actual ET. Subsequent irrigation scheduling at <i>IW</i>/<i>ET</i>_c ratios of 1.75 and 2.0 increased the grain yield by 10%–15% compared with 1.50 <i>IW</i>/<i>ET</i>_c. Nonetheless, an <i>IW</i>/<i>ET</i>_c of 1.75 saved approximately 17% of the irrigation water compared with an <i>IW</i>/<i>ET</i>_c of 2.0, reducing the cultivation cost by US$ 30.2–43.8 ha⁻¹ while maintaining a similar grain yield.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"1051-1068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Effectiveness of Vacuum-Pressure Leaky Pipes in Promoting Localized Soil Desalination During Surface Leaching Events","authors":"Peirong Lu,&nbsp;Yujie Yang,&nbsp;Yaxin Liu,&nbsp;Zikun Zhang,&nbsp;Xi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ird.3075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fields under subsurface leaky pipe irrigation require timely soil leaching to prevent salt accumulation along the pipeline, and methods for handling such localized desalination deserve to be explored. A potential application was attempted experimentally and numerically to assess whether the vacuum pressure leaky pipe (VPLP) method could promote soil desalination by absorbing saline solution during soil leaching. The laboratory results indicated that, compared with loamy sand and silty loam, loam soil could maintain more suitable saturation conditions for the extraction of soil water, resulting in 22% and 311% greater salt discharge, respectively. By modelling the wall of a leaky pipe as a finer soil layer, a series of HYDRUS-based simulations were performed to evaluate the effects of the inner-pipe operating vacuum pressure (OVP), pipe placement depth (PPD) and surface leaching size (SLS) on the salt dynamics within the leached soil profile. The model results revealed that the maximum VPLP salt discharge occurred at 20 cm PPD, and increasing the OVP led to a decrease in salt discharge when the OVP exceeded 200 cm. Additionally, reduced infiltration-induced salt downwards built-up and evaporation-induced salt surface accumulation were obtained under VPLP application, with an average 12% and 1% increase of soil desalination rate for 0–10 cm and 40–50 cm soil depth compared with those under non-VPLP conditions. This study extends the application of subsurface pipe irrigation systems in terms of soil salt management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"1117-1133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics (1972–2020) and Evaluating Drainage System Efficacy: A Case Study of Bangladesh Polders","authors":"Md Arifin Jubaed,&nbsp;Ashish Mishra,&nbsp;D. S. Arya,&nbsp;Md Mizanur Rahman","doi":"10.1002/ird.3072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.3072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In recent years, aquaculture has significantly expanded in tropical and subtropical developing countries. This expansion has led to substantial economic, food security, and environmental impacts. The southwestern region of the Ganges–Brahmaputra Basin faces severe waterlogging problems, largely because the expansion of shrimp farming affects local livelihoods. This study examines the consequences of land-use changes in the polders of Bangladesh by analysing 48 years of Landsat imagery from 1972 to 2020. This highlights a significant shift from rice cultivation to shrimp farming, leading to more waterlogged areas and fewer settlements because of poor drainage, freshwater scarcity, and increased salinity. We developed a drainage model for the polders via MIKE11 software to assess the area's drainage capacity and found that the current systems are insufficient, especially for monsoon drainage. This inadequacy encouraged a shift toward shrimp farming. Our research aims to shed light on the environmental and economic challenges of the area, promoting sustainable management of water resources. The detailed insights from this study provide a framework to develop practical and united strategies to address waterlogging issues and minimize their varied impacts on the people and economy of the region.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 3","pages":"1069-1092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}