JMIR Formative Research最新文献

{"title":"Development and Implementation of Strong Foundations, a Digitally Delivered Fall Prevention Program: Usability and Feasibility Pilot Exercise Cohort Study.","authors":"Ryan Moran, David Wing, Hope Davey, Hava Barkai, Jeanne Nichols","doi":"10.2196/67406","DOIUrl":"10.2196/67406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falls remain a major public health problem and a significant cause of preventable injury. Maintaining strength and balance by staying active can prevent falls in older adults, and public health advocates support referral to community exercise programs. Given the growth in use and acceptance of technological interfaces, there remains an interest in understanding the role of a synchronous exercise program designed to improve strength, postural alignment, and balance specifically designed to be delivered in a digital environment with respect to usability and feasibility.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to design and implement a synchronously delivered digital fall prevention program to adults aged 60 years and older, to understand the usability, feasibility, and attendance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The \"Strong Foundations\" program, a 12-week, live, digitally delivered fall-prevention exercise program was informed from different existing in-person exercises and piloted to older adults who were considered a low fall risk by scores of 4 or less from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Stopping Elderly Accidents and Deaths Initiative (STEADI) Staying Independent questionnaire. The System Usability Scale (SUS) measured usability and feasibility at the completion of this program, and digital measures of age-related function (timed up and go [TUG] and 30-second chair stand [30 CS]) were collected pre- and postintervention. Data were collected in 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 39 older adults were recruited and 38 completed the 12-week program with an average age of 72 years. The average SUS was 80.6, with an 85% attendance rate and an 8.5 (out of 10) self-reported satisfaction score. Digitally collected TUG and 30 CS statistically improved pre- and postintervention by 9% and 24%, respectively; by week 12, 64% (23/36) of participants improved in the timed up and go and 91% (32/35) improved the chair stands.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was excellent usability and acceptability for Strong Foundations, a novel fall-prevention program designed to be delivered digitally and promising improvement of objective measures of fall risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"e67406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Distress Tolerance Skills in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa Through the BALANCE Mobile App: Feasibility and Acceptability Study.","authors":"Christina Miranda, Brittany Matheson, Nandini Datta, Aileen Whyte, Hyun-Joon Yang, Paul Schmiedmayer, Vishnu Ravi, Oliver Aalami, James Lock","doi":"10.2196/70278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/70278","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Anorexia nervosa is a severe psychiatric disorder with high morbidity and mortality, particularly among adolescents. Family-based treatment (FBT) is the leading evidence-based intervention for adolescent anorexia nervosa, involving parents in renourishment and behavior interruption. Despite its effectiveness, challenges in distress tolerance and emotion regulation during high-stress situations, such as mealtimes, contribute to suboptimal treatment outcomes, with only 35% to 50% of adolescents achieving full recovery. Enhancing distress tolerance skills during FBT may improve treatment responses and recovery rates. The BALANCE mobile app was developed to address this need, offering real-time, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)-based distress tolerance skills to support adolescents and families during mealtimes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Our aim was to explore the feasibility and acceptability of a mobile app designed to deliver distress tolerance skills to adolescents with and adolescents without anorexia nervosa. When fully programmed and optimized, we plan to use the mobile app to improve distress tolerance during mealtimes for adolescents with anorexia nervosa undergoing FBT.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;BALANCE was developed collaboratively with Stanford University's Center for Biodesign, leveraging the expertise of clinical psychologists and using biodesign student input and the Stanford Spezi ecosystem. The app underwent an iterative development process, with feedback from adolescent users. The initial feasibility and acceptability of the app were assessed through self-reported questionnaires and structured interviews with 24 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, including 4 diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and 20 healthy controls. Adolescents with anorexia nervosa specifically used the app during mealtimes, and healthy controls used it as needed. Participants assessed the app's usability, perceived effectiveness, and its impact on their distress tolerance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The app demonstrated high usability and acceptability. Of 24 participants, 83% (n=20) reported enjoying the app, 88% (n=21) would recommend it to peers, and 100% (n=24) found it user-friendly. Adolescents with anorexia nervosa reported that BALANCE helped them manage stressful mealtimes more effectively, highlighting features such as guided meditation, breathing exercises, and gamification elements as particularly effective. Healthy controls provided additional feedback, confirming the app's broad appeal to the target audience and potential scalability. Preliminary findings suggest that BALANCE may enhance distress tolerance in adolescents with and adolescents without anorexia nervosa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;BALANCE shows promise as an innovative mobile health intervention for enhancing distress tolerance in adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Its user-friendly design and tailored DBT-based skills make it a f","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"e70278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Nystagmus in a Patient With Vertigo Using a Commercial Mini-Infrared Camera and 3D Printer: Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation and Case Report.","authors":"Hiroyuki Sakazaki, Masao Noda, Yumi Dobashi, Tatsuaki Kuroda, Reiko Tsunoda, Hiroaki Fushiki","doi":"10.2196/70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observing eye movements during episodic vertigo attacks is crucial for accurately diagnosing vestibular disorders. In clinical practice, many cases lack observable symptoms or clear findings during outpatient examinations, leading to diagnostic challenges. An accurate diagnosis is essential for timely treatment, as conditions such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Ménière's disease, and vestibular migraine require different therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop and evaluate a cost-effective diagnostic tool that integrates a mini-infrared camera with 3D-printed goggles, enabling at-home recording of nystagmus during vertigo attacks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A commercially available mini-infrared camera (US $25) was combined with 3D-printed goggles (US $13) to create a system for recording eye movements in dark conditions. A case study was conducted on a male patient in his 40s who experienced recurrent episodic vertigo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initial outpatient evaluations, including oculomotor and vestibular tests using infrared Frenzel glasses, revealed no spontaneous or positional nystagmus. However, with the proposed system, the patient successfully recorded geotropic direction-changing positional nystagmus during a vertigo attack at home. The nystagmus was beating distinctly stronger on the left side down with 2.0 beats/second than the right side down with 1.2 beats/second. Based on the recorded videos, a diagnosis of lateral semicircular canal-type BPPV was made. Treatment with the Gufoni maneuver effectively alleviated the patient's symptoms, confirming the diagnosis. The affordability and practicality of the device make it particularly suitable for telemedicine and emergency care applications, enabling patients in remote or underserved areas to receive accurate diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed system demonstrates the feasibility and utility of using affordable, accessible technology for diagnosing vestibular disorders outside of clinical settings. By addressing key challenges, such as the absence of symptoms during clinical visits and the high costs associated with traditional diagnostic tools, this device offers a practical solution for real-time monitoring and accurate diagnosis. Its potential applications extend to telemedicine, emergency settings, and resource-limited environments. Future iterations that incorporate higher-resolution imaging and automated analysis could further enhance its diagnostic capabilities and usability across diverse patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"e70015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobilizing Health Promotion Through Canada's Student Mental Health Network: Concurrent, Mixed Methods Process Evaluation.","authors":"Amy Ecclestone, Brooke Linden, Jessica Rose, Kiran Kullar","doi":"10.2196/58992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/58992","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Mental health issues among Canadian postsecondary students are prevalent. In tandem, an increased acknowledgment of the need for upstream mental health support has been highlighted. While the majority of institutions offer some form of mental health promotion, research suggests students are failing to access support due to barriers including lack of awareness, geographical and financial barriers, and lack of relevance in offerings. Canada's Student Mental Health Network is a web-based knowledge mobilization initiative designed to fill these gaps. With content created and curated \"for-students, by-students\" and reviewed by subject matter experts, the Network serves as a one-stop shop for evidence-based, mental health support for postsecondary students.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The goal of this research was to conduct the first component of a comprehensive program evaluation of the Network. This paper details a formative, process evaluation after approximately 1 year of operations, with the goal of assessing acceptability and feasibility.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Using a concurrent mixed methods study design, quantitative and qualitative data were simultaneously collected from students in order to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the Network as a mental health promotion resource. Quantitative data were automatically collected through Google Analytics via the website over the course of the first year of operations. Data collected included the number of users accessing the website, user engagement, and user \"stickiness.\" Quantitative data were used to evaluate both accessibility and feasibility. Qualitative data were collected via individual, digital interviews conducted with a modest sample of students (n=8) across areas and levels of study. Qualitative data derived more detailed insights into user experience and website attributes, as well as feedback on content delivery, providing evidence used to evaluate feasibility.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 1200 users globally accessed the Network within the first year of operations, with Canadian users accounting for nearly 90% of total website traffic. An overall 66% engagement rate was observed, with the average user visiting 7 pages per session. Further support for the acceptability of the Network is demonstrated in the Canada-wide reach of the content development and review team. Evidence for the feasibility of the Network was observed through website use statistics indicating the most frequently viewed pages aligned with our goals: providing mental health education and increasing awareness of available resources. Qualitative feedback provided additional context surrounding the feasibility of the space, including positive feedback on the esthetics, relevance, usability, inclusion, and accessibility. Areas for content expansion and improvements to accessibility were also identified.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The results","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"e58992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Evaluation Metric and Quantified Performance of ChatGPT-4 Patient Management Simulations for Early Clinical Education: Experimental Study.","authors":"Riley Scherr, Aidin Spina, Allen Dao, Saman Andalib, Faris F Halaseh, Sarah Blair, Warren Wiechmann, Ronald Rivera","doi":"10.2196/66478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/66478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Case studies have shown ChatGPT can run clinical simulations at the medical student level. However, no data have assessed ChatGPT's reliability in meeting desired simulation criteria such as medical accuracy, simulation formatting, and robust feedback mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to quantify ChatGPT's ability to consistently follow formatting instructions and create simulations for preclinical medical student learners according to principles of medical simulation and multimedia educational technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using ChatGPT-4 and a prevalidated starting prompt, the authors ran 360 separate simulations of an acute asthma exacerbation. A total of 180 simulations were given correct answers and 180 simulations were given incorrect answers. ChatGPT was evaluated for its ability to adhere to basic simulation parameters (stepwise progression, free response, interactivity), advanced simulation parameters (autonomous conclusion, delayed feedback, comprehensive feedback), and medical accuracy (vignette, treatment updates, feedback). Significance was determined with χ² analyses using 95% CIs for odds ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 100% (n=360) of simulations met basic simulation parameters and were medically accurate. For advanced parameters, 55% (200/360) of all simulations delayed feedback, while the Correct arm (157/180, 87%) delayed feedback was significantly more than the Incorrect arm (43/180, 24%; P<.001). A total of 79% (285/360) of simulations concluded autonomously, and there was no difference between the Correct and Incorrect arms in autonomous conclusion (146/180, 81% and 139/180, 77%; P=.36). Overall, 78% (282/360) of simulations gave comprehensive feedback, and there was no difference between the Correct and Incorrect arms in comprehensive feedback (137/180, 76% and 145/180, 81%; P=.31). ChatGPT-4 was not significantly more likely to conclude simulations autonomously (P=.34) and provide comprehensive feedback (P=.27) when feedback was delayed compared to when feedback was not delayed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These simulations have the potential to be a reliable educational tool for simple simulations and can be evaluated by a novel 9-part metric. Per this metric, ChatGPT simulations performed perfectly on medical accuracy and basic simulation parameters. It performed well on comprehensive feedback and autonomous conclusion. Delayed feedback depended on the accuracy of user inputs. A simulation meeting one advanced parameter was not more likely to meet all advanced parameters. Further work must be done to ensure consistent performance across a broader range of simulation scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"e66478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capturing Everyday Parental Feeding Practices and Eating Behaviors of 3- to 5-Year-Old Children With Avid Eating Behavior: Ecological Momentary Assessment Feasibility and Acceptability Study.","authors":"Abigail Pickard, Katie Edwards, Claire Farrow, Emma Haycraft, Jacqueline Blissett","doi":"10.2196/66807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/66807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The wide use of smartphones offers large-scale opportunities for real-time data collection methods such as ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess how fluctuations in contextual and psychosocial factors influence parents' feeding practices and feeding goals, particularly when feeding children with high food approaches.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The main objectives of this study were to (1) assess parents/caregivers' compliance with EMA procedures administered through a smartphone app and (2) estimate the criterion validity of the EMA to capture children's eating occasions and parents' feeding practices. Participant adherence, technological challenges, and data quality were used to provide an overview of the real-time dynamics of parental mood, feeding goals, and contextual factors during eating occasions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Parents in the United Kingdom with a child aged 3 to 5 years who exhibit avid eating behavior were invited to participate in a 10-day EMA study using a smartphone app. Of the 312 invited participants, 122 (39%) parents initiated the EMA study, of which 118 (96.7%) completed the full EMA period and the follow-up feasibility and acceptability survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of those parents who completed the EMA study, 104 (87.4%) parents provided at least 7 \"full\" days of data (2 signal surveys and 1 event survey), despite 51 parents (43.2%) experiencing technical difficulties. The parents received notifications for morning surveys (69.9% response rate), 3 daily mood surveys (78.7% response rate), and an end-of-day survey (84.6% response rate) on each of the 10 days. Over the EMA period, a total of 2524 child eating/food request surveys were self-initiated by the participants on their smartphones, an average of 2.1 times per day per parent (SD 0.18; min=1.7, max=2.3). The majority of parents felt that the surveys made them more aware of their feelings (105/118, 89%) and activities (93/118, 79%). The frequency of daily food requests estimated by parents at baseline was significantly correlated with the frequency of food requests reported daily during the EMA period (r=0.483, P<.001). However, the number of daily food requests per day estimated at baseline (mean 4.5, SD 1.5) was significantly higher than the number of food requests reported per day during the EMA period (mean 3.7, SD 1.1), (t116=18.8, P<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This paper demonstrates the feasibility of employing EMA to investigate the intricate interplay between parental mood, feeding goals, contextual factors, and feeding practices with children exhibiting an avid eating behavior profile. However, the use of EMA needs to be carefully developed and tested with parents' involvement to ensure successful data collection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"e66807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formative Evaluation of Suicide Prevention Websites for Men: Qualitative Study with Men at Risk of Suicide and with Potential Gatekeepers.","authors":"Doreen Reifegerste, Anna J M Wagner, Lisa Huber, Manuel Fastuca","doi":"10.2196/59829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/59829","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The suicide rate among men exceeds that of women worldwide. One important measure in suicide prevention for men is digital communication interventions, as they enable easy and anonymous access to information resources. This is especially important for men who might not be reached by traditional, in-person prevention methods. Thus, as part of an interdisciplinary project on suicide prevention for men, two specific digital communication prevention measures were developed: (1) a website to inform men at risk about suicide prevention, and (2) a website to educate potential gatekeepers who are in contact with men at risk of suicide about appropriate life-saving measures. Both websites needed evaluation to explore how they are perceived by (1) men and by (2) potential gatekeepers of men at risk of suicide. This is crucial, as existing research lacks formative evaluation that informs the development of intervention communication materials.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to analyze whether these websites were perceived as (1) comprehensible and engaging, (2) authentic and trustworthy, as well as (3) useful by (potential) users. Furthermore, we examined (4) additional ideas for effective communication about suicide prevention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted (1) individual videoconference interviews with 24 men to evaluate the website and (2) four focus groups with 8 gatekeepers in each group (32 participants) to evaluate the online education program. The focus group sample was equally distributed regarding gender and age. Recruitment was conducted together with a field research partner who posted adverts on Facebook and Instagram (Meta) to reach as many potential participants as possible in an efficient way. All participants were asked to evaluate the intervention materials using a fictitious scenario of a man experiencing a mental health crisis before the interviews or focus groups took place.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The videos were perceived as (1) catchy, comprehensible, and empathetic, but too long for a short introduction. A balanced mix of emotional and informative content was considered appropriate and helpful. The health information provided was perceived as (2) serious and trustworthy due to citing scientific institutions and video material of men who had experienced suicidal ideation. (3) The intervention's applicability for men experiencing acute crisis was critiqued, but it was regarded as very useful for comprehensive information. (4) Further communication channels and addressing other male subgroups or gender identities were presented as possible extensions of the program.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Effective suicide prevention research should address both the groups at risk and their support network. Digital communication interventions can provide low-threshold access. Videos with personalized examples are important to give men someone to identify with, which","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"e59829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing Public Perceptions of Antidepressants on Social Media: Mixed Methods Study.","authors":"Jianfeng Zhu, Xinyu Zhang, Ruoming Jin, Hailong Jiang, Deric R Kenne","doi":"10.2196/62680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/62680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antidepressants are crucial for managing major depressive disorders; however, nonadherence remains a widespread challenge, driven by concerns over side effects, fear of dependency, and doubts about efficacy. Understanding patients' experiences is essential for improving patient-centered care and enhancing adherence, which prioritizes individual needs in treatment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of patient experiences with antidepressants, providing insights that health care providers, families, and communities can develop into personalized treatment strategies. By integrating patient-centered care, these processes may improve satisfaction and adherence with antidepressants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from AskaPatient and Reddit, analyzed using natural language processing and large language models. Analytical techniques included sentiment analysis, emotion detection, personality profiling, and topic modeling. Furthermore, demographic variations in patient experiences were also examined to offer a comprehensive understanding of discussions around antidepressants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sentiment and emotion analysis revealed that the majority of discussions (21,499/36,253, 59.3%) expressed neutral sentiments, with negative sentiments following closely (13,922/36,253, 38.4%). The most common emotions were fear (16,196/36,253, 44.66%) and sadness (12,507/36,253, 34.49%). The largest topic, \"Mental Health and Relationships,\" accounted for 11.69% (3755/36,253) of the discussions, which indicated a significant focus on managing mental health conditions. Discussions around nonadherence were marked by fear, followed by sadness, while self-care discussions showed a notable trend of sadness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These psychological insights into public perceptions of antidepressants provide a foundation for developing tailored, patient-centered treatment approaches that align with individual needs, enhancing both effectiveness and empathy of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"e62680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Digital Safety Planning Interventions for Young Adults: Qualitative Study Using Online Co-design Methods.","authors":"Jonah Meyerhoff, Sarah A Popowski, Tanvi Lakhtakia, Emily Tack, Rachel Kornfield, Kaylee P Kruzan, Charles J Krause, Theresa Nguyen, Kevin Rushton, Anthony R Pisani, Madhu Reddy, Kimberly A Van Orden, David C Mohr","doi":"10.2196/69602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/69602","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Young adults in the United States are experiencing accelerating rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors but have the lowest rates of formal mental health care. Digital suicide prevention interventions have the potential to increase access to suicide prevention care by circumventing attitudinal and structural barriers that prevent access to formal mental health care. These tools should be designed in collaboration with young adults who have lived experience of suicide-related thoughts and behaviors to optimize acceptability and use.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to identify the needs, preferences, and features for an automated SMS text messaging-based safety planning service to support the self-management of suicide-related thoughts and behaviors among young adults.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We enrolled 30 young adults (age 18-24 years) with recent suicide-related thoughts and behaviors to participate in asynchronous remote focus groups via an online private forum. Participants responded to researcher-posted prompts and were encouraged to reply to fellow participants-creating a threaded digital conversation. Researcher-posted prompts centered on participants' experiences with suicide-related thought and behavior-related coping, safety planning, and technologies for suicide-related thought and behavior self-management. Focus group transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis to extract key needs, preferences, and feature considerations for an automated SMS text messaging-based safety planning tool.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Young adult participants indicated that an automated digital SMS text message-based safety planning intervention must meet their needs in 2 ways. First, by empowering them to manage their symptoms on their own and support acquiring and using effective coping skills. Second, by leveraging young adults' existing social connections. Young adult participants also shared 3 key technological needs of an automated intervention: (1) transparency about how the intervention functions, the kinds of actions it does and does not take, the limits of confidentiality, and the role of human oversight within the program; (2) strong privacy practices-data security around how content within the intervention and how private data created by the intervention would be maintained and used was extremely important to young adult participants given the sensitive nature of suicide-related data; and (3) usability, convenience, and accessibility were particularly important to participants-this includes having an approachable and engaging message tone, customizable message delivery options (eg, length, number, content focus), and straightforward menu navigation. Young adult participants also highlighted specific features that could support core coping skill acquisition (eg, self-tracking, coping skill idea generation, reminders).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Engaging young adults in t","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"e69602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Person-Specific Analyses of Smartphone Use and Mental Health: Intensive Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Merve Cerit, Angela Y Lee, Jeffrey Hancock, Adam Miner, Mu-Jung Cho, Daniel Muise, Anna-Angelina Garròn Torres, Nick Haber, Nilam Ram, Thomas N Robinson, Byron Reeves","doi":"10.2196/59875","DOIUrl":"10.2196/59875","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Contrary to popular concerns about the harmful effects of media use on mental health, research on this relationship is ambiguous, stalling advances in theory, interventions, and policy. Scientific explorations of the relationship between media and mental health have mostly been found null or have small associations, with the results often blamed on the use of cross-sectional study designs or imprecise measures of media use and mental health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This exploratory empirical demonstration aims to answer whether mental health effects are associated with media use experiences by (1) redirecting research investments to granular and intensive longitudinal recordings of digital experiences to build models of media use and mental health for single individuals over the course of 1 year, (2) using new metrics of fragmented media use to propose explanations of mental health effects that will advance person-specific theorizing in media psychology, and (3) identifying combinations of media behaviors and mental health symptoms that may be more useful for studying media effects than single measures of dosage and affect or assessments of clinical symptoms related to specific disorders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The activity on individuals' smartphone screens was recorded every 5 seconds when devices were in use over 1 year, resulting in a dataset of 6,744,013 screenshots and 123 fortnightly surveys from 5 adult participants. Each participant contributed between 0.8 and 2.7 million screens. Six media use metrics were derived from smartphone metadata. Fortnightly surveys captured symptoms of depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, state anxiety, and positive affect. Idiographic filter models (p-technique canonical correlation analyses) were applied to explore person-specific associations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Canonical correlations revealed substantial person-specific associations between media use and mental health, ranging from r=0.82 (P=.008) to r=0.92 (P=.03). The specific combinations of media use metrics and mental health dimensions were different for each person, reflecting significant individual variability. For instance, the media use canonical variate for 1 participant was characterized by higher loadings for app-switching, which, in combination with other behaviors, correlated strongly with a mental health variate emphasizing anxiety symptoms. For another, prolonged screen time, alongside other media use behaviors, contributed to a mental health variate weighted more heavily toward depression symptoms. These within-person correlations are among the strongest reported in this literature.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Results suggest that the relationships between media use and mental health are highly individualized, with implications for the development of personalized models and precision smartphone-informed interventions in mental health. We discuss how o","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":" ","pages":"e59875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}