{"title":"Note on Translation","authors":"Katarina Hraste","doi":"10.1515/9781501747519-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501747519-002","url":null,"abstract":"Tekst prati povijest razlicitih prijepisa Cenninijeve l Knjige o umjetnostir na kojima se temelje njezina suvremena izdanja. Istovremeno se bavi pitanjem stilskih kriterija kod prevođenja jednog takvog kasno-srednjovjekovnog tehnickog traktata, obzirom na njegovu dvostruku vrijednost – onu pragmaticnu i onu literarnu, buduci se l Knjiga o umjetnostir istice i kao jedan od ranih primjera ne-fikcijskih, svjetovnih zapisa nastalih na talijanskom jeziku.","PeriodicalId":148016,"journal":{"name":"The Basque Seroras","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141222711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Basque SerorasPub Date : 2020-03-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501747496.003.0007
Amanda L Scott
{"title":"Conflict and Community in the Seventeenth Century","authors":"Amanda L Scott","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501747496.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747496.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reflects on the conflicts between seroras and their communities. Seroras, like their male colleagues, were parts of their communities through and through, and often little separated emotionally, physically, or economically from the people they served. Proximity easily gave birth to tension and conflict, and as members of their communities, seroras and priests often responded passionately and intensely. These visible contraventions to a reformed, peaceful, and professional clergy drew the attention of the bishop; consequently, criminal cases handled by the Diocese of Pamplona are skewed toward breaches of both legal obligation and social expectations, including episodes of violence. How parishioners reported, reacted to, and participated in conflict with their seroras underscores the ease with which the ideals of reform were consumed and deployed by local communities and for local purposes. Seroras occupied a central place within local religious life; yet the vocation was not static, nor was it immune to challenge. In the postreform years, conflict involving seroras and their communities provided a crucial opportunity for localities to engage with the practical aspects of implementing religious reform, mold it according to their own preferences, or reject it altogether.","PeriodicalId":148016,"journal":{"name":"The Basque Seroras","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129903905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Basque SerorasPub Date : 2020-03-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501747496.003.0003
Amanda L Scott
{"title":"“Her Duty and Obligation”","authors":"Amanda L Scott","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501747496.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747496.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the duties and obligations of the seroras. Seroras expressed piety through practice and action, which were both utilitarian and highly performative. Their practical role, coupled with the formality that went into their selection and installation, places seroras in a category unlike any other iteration of lay devout female service. There were many factors that led women to the semireligious life and seroría. At the most basic level, however, the vocation remained viable and popular for so long because it responded equally to practical needs of the parish community and the parish fabric, or material infrastructure. Even if it was not always fully condoned by diocesan officials, it was mostly considered a benign outlet for female piety. Different localities had slightly different methods for selecting seroras, and responsibilities and rituals of installation varied according to geographic circumstances or patterns of local power and influence. On the whole, however, the institution was remarkably consistent across the Basque lands. Regardless of where they served, most seroras could expect to perform a fairly standard set of duties and to be remunerated in similar ways by the communities they served.","PeriodicalId":148016,"journal":{"name":"The Basque Seroras","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123314972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Local Religion and Tridentine Reform in the Early Modern Basque Country","authors":"Amanda L Scott","doi":"10.7591/9781501747519-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501747519-006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a brief synopsis of the presence of Navarrese delegates at the Council of Trent, then moves on to an overview of the Diocese of Pamplona's most important Tridentine era synod meeting and a representative sampling of reform episodes as they played out on the ground. To understand the inconsistencies in enforcement concerning the seroras, reforms concerning the seroras must be left in their original context. Mirroring the diocese's attention to clerical misbehavior, the chapter thus approaches reform of the seroras through the lens of male reform, and especially pastoral residency. The diocese's concentration on professionalizing the lower clergy and directing lay devotion into appropriate channels reveals much about the diocese's unstated policy against interfering with the seroras: that is, the diocese identified reforming the lower clergy as the key to a successful reform program, and everything else was secondary. Other aspects of local religious life that did not mesh with official Tridentine reform ideals were allowed to slide to make way for more urgent reforms. In this context, the diocese judged that licensing the seroras was the easiest way to control the vocation, allowing ecclesiastical authorities to turn their eye to more pressing matters such as wandering abbots, violent hermits, and “repulsive” parish priests.","PeriodicalId":148016,"journal":{"name":"The Basque Seroras","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121792437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Basque SerorasPub Date : 2020-03-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501747496.003.0002
Amanda L Scott
{"title":"The Basque Seroras and Lay Female Religious Life in the Early Modern World","authors":"Amanda L Scott","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501747496.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747496.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the lay female religious life in the early modern world. Simultaneously ignored, sanctified, suspected of heresy, lauded, and targeted for reform, devout laywomen presented both obstacles and inspiration in the milieu of early modern European religious life. The seroría provided Basque women with a sanctioned and respectable channel, while allowing them freedom of movement and a degree of economic autonomy that was unmatched by other forms of lay religiosity elsewhere in Europe during the late medieval and early modern periods. Yet while the seroría was unique to the Basque lands, it reflected common female impulses to seek spiritual fulfillment at home and in the familiar spheres of their parish communities. These impulses swelled and then tapered off periodically from antiquity through the medieval and early modern periods, yet they were a consistent part of lived Christian experience that mirrored and responded to wider social, economic, and religious movements of the times. The seroras can be understood only within the context of lay and quasi-religious female devotion—in its many permutations—and placing them within this context also helps broaden the definition and parameters of medieval and early modern female religious life.","PeriodicalId":148016,"journal":{"name":"The Basque Seroras","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133602865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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