JAMA PsychiatryPub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3592
Hugo Bottemanne, Lucie Joly
{"title":"How the Paternal Brain Is Wired by Pregnancy.","authors":"Hugo Bottemanne, Lucie Joly","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3592","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3592","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"8-9"},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAMA PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4145
Jayani Jayawardhana, Jialin Hou, Patricia Freeman, Jeffery C Talbert
{"title":"Association of State Cannabis Legalization With Cannabis Use Disorder and Cannabis Poisoning.","authors":"Jayani Jayawardhana, Jialin Hou, Patricia Freeman, Jeffery C Talbert","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Whether state implementation of medical and recreational cannabis laws is associated with increased cannabis use disorder (CUD) and/or cannabis poisoning among adults is not evident.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine state-level medical and recreational cannabis laws' associations with CUD and cannabis poisoning, overall and by sex and age subgroups.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>In this longitudinal cohort study, state-level CUD and cannabis poisoning diagnoses from January 2011 to December 2021 were examined across all 50 US states and the District of Columbia before and after the implementation of medical and recreational cannabis laws (MCLs and RCLs, respectively) using a staggered adoption difference-in-differences approach. Event studies were conducted to estimate the magnitude of the association for each year-quarter relative to the time of each policy implementation. This study was conducted among all adults aged 18 to 64 years enrolled in the Merative MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database, a database of employer-sponsored health insurance enrollees, with 1 year or more of continuous enrollment from 2011 to 2021. Data analysis was performed from January to August 2024.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>State implementation of an MCL, opening a medical cannabis dispensary (MCD), allowing home cultivation of medical cannabis (HC-MC), and passage of an RCL.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>CUD and cannabis poisoning diagnoses per 100 000 enrollees per quarter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 110 256 536 enrollees, of whom 56 843 030 (52%) were female and the mean (SD) enrollee age was 41.0 (13.5) years. MCLs were associated with significant increases in CUD and cannabis poisoning by 31.09 (95% CI, 20.20-41.99; P < .001) and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.52-1.00; P < .001) diagnoses per 100 000 enrollees per quarter, respectively, and RCLs were associated with a significant increase in cannabis poisoning by 0.34 (95% CI, 0.19-0.48; P < .001) per 100 000 enrollees per quarter in states with RCLs compared to states without these laws. No significant associations were observed for MCDs or HC-MC. Relative increases in CUD associated with MCLs were higher among female enrollees and among enrollees aged 35 to 44 years compared with male enrollees and other age groups, respectively. Sensitivity analysis results of 2011 to 2019 data were consistent with the 2011 to 2021 results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this longitudinal cohort study, MCLs were associated with increased CUD and cannabis poisoning diagnoses, and RCLs were associated with increased cannabis poisoning in adults aged 18 to 64 years with employer-sponsored health insurance. Communities with increased access to cannabis may experience increased health care use and costs due to increases in cannabis poisoning and CUD, and new clinical and policy intervent","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAMA PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3996
Lori L. Davis, Saloni Behl, Daniel Lee, Hui Zeng, Taisa Skubiak, Shelley Weaver, Nanco Hefting, Klaus Groes Larsen, Mary Hobart
{"title":"Brexpiprazole and Sertraline Combination Treatment in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"Lori L. Davis, Saloni Behl, Daniel Lee, Hui Zeng, Taisa Skubiak, Shelley Weaver, Nanco Hefting, Klaus Groes Larsen, Mary Hobart","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3996","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceNew pharmacotherapy options are needed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of brexpiprazole and sertraline combination treatment (brexpiprazole + sertraline) compared with sertraline + placebo for PTSD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a parallel-design, double-blind, randomized clinical trial conducted from October 2019 to August 2023. The study had a 1-week, placebo run-in period followed by an 11-week, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled, parallel-arm period (with 21-day follow-up) and took place at 86 clinical trial sites in the US. Adult outpatients with PTSD were enrolled (volunteer sample).InterventionsOral brexpiprazole 2 to 3 mg per day (flexible dose) + sertraline 150 mg per day or sertraline 150 mg per day + placebo (1:1 ratio) for 11 weeks.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was change in Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for <jats:italic>DSM-5</jats:italic> (CAPS-5) total score (which measures the severity of 20 PTSD symptoms) from randomization (week 1) to week 10 for brexpiprazole + sertraline vs sertraline + placebo. Safety assessments included adverse events.ResultsA total of 1327 individuals were assessed for eligibility. After 878 screen failures, 416 participants (mean [SD] age, 37.4 [11.9] years; 310 female [74.5%]) were randomized. Completion rates were 137 of 214 participants (64.0%) for brexpiprazole + sertraline and 113 of 202 participants (55.9%) for sertraline + placebo. At week 10, brexpiprazole + sertraline demonstrated statistically significant greater improvement in CAPS-5 total score (mean [SD] at randomization, 38.4 [7.2]; LS mean [SE] change, −19.2 [1.2]; n = 148) than sertraline + placebo (randomization, 38.7 [7.8]; change, −13.6 [1.2]; n = 134), with LS mean difference, −5.59 (95% CI, −8.79 to −2.38; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;lt; .001). All key secondary and other efficacy end points were also met. Treatment-emergent adverse events with incidence of 5% or greater for brexpiprazole + sertraline (and corresponding incidences for sertraline + placebo) were nausea (25 of 205 [12.2%] and 23 of 196 [11.7%]), fatigue (14 of 205 [6.8%] and 8 of 196 [4.1%]), weight increase (12 of 205 [5.9%] and 3 of 196 [1.5%]), and somnolence (11 of 205 [5.4%] and 5 of 196 [2.6%]). Discontinuation rates due to adverse events were 8 of 205 participants (3.9%) for brexpiprazole + sertraline and 20 of 196 participants (10.2%) for sertraline + placebo.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this randomized clinical trial show that brexpiprazole + sertraline combination treatment statistically significantly improved PTSD symptoms vs sertraline + placebo, indicating its potential as a new efficacious treatment for PTSD. Brexpiprazole + sertraline was tolerated by most participants, with a safety profile consistent with that of brexpiprazole in approved indications.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: <jats:ext-link x","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAMA PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4099
Venexia M Walker, Praveetha Patalay, Jonathan A C Sterne
{"title":"Does Vaccination Really Mitigate Psychiatric Implications of COVID-19?-Reply.","authors":"Venexia M Walker, Praveetha Patalay, Jonathan A C Sterne","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4099","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAMA PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4105
M. Catalina Camacho, Rebecca F. Schwarzlose, Michael T. Perino, Alyssa K. Labonte, Sanju Koirala, Deanna M. Barch, Chad M. Sylvester
{"title":"Youth Generalized Anxiety and Brain Activation States During Socioemotional Processing","authors":"M. Catalina Camacho, Rebecca F. Schwarzlose, Michael T. Perino, Alyssa K. Labonte, Sanju Koirala, Deanna M. Barch, Chad M. Sylvester","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4105","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceThe brain enters distinct activation states to support differential cognitive and emotional processes, but little is known about how brain activation states differ in youths with clinical anxiety.ObjectiveTo characterize brain activation states during socioemotional processing (movie stimuli) and assess associations between state characteristics and movie features and anxiety symptoms.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe Healthy Brain Network is an ongoing cross-sectional study of individuals aged 5 to 21 years experiencing difficulties in school, of whom approximately 45% met criteria for a lifetime anxiety disorder diagnosis. Data used in this study are from the first 9 releases (collected in a nonclinical research setting in the New York City metropolitan area from 2015 to 2020) and include 620 youths aged 5 to 15 years (53% of whom met criteria for a lifetime anxiety disorder diagnosis) who watched an emotional video during functional magnetic resonance imaging and completed questionnaires and clinical evaluation. Of those with functional magnetic resonance imaging data, 432 youths aged 7 to 15 years also self-reported on anxiety symptoms. Data were processed and analyzed between February 2020 and August 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresA hidden Markov model was trained to identify brain activation states across participants during video watching. Time spent in each state and the moment-to-moment probability of being in each state were extracted. Videos were annotated for emotion-specific and nonspecific information using the EmoCodes system. Self-reported anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders. Time spent in each state across the video and during and outside of peaks in negative content correlated with generalized and social anxiety scores.ResultsAmong the 620 youths in the overall analysis, 369 were male and the mean (SD) age was 10.4 (2.8) years. In the anxiety symptom analysis, 263 of 432 youths were male and the mean (SD) age was 11.5 (2.2) years. Three brain activation states were identified: a high somatomotor activation state (state 1), a high cingulo-opercular network activation state (state 2), and a high ventral attention and default mode state (state 3). The probability of being in state 3 was correlated with video content that was more negative, quieter, and with less visual motion (ρ &amp;lt; 0.08; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;lt; .001). Increased generalized anxiety was associated with greater time in state 3 (B, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.20; false discovery rate [FDR]–corrected <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = .048) and less time in state 2 (B, −0.11; 95% CI, −0.21 to −0.02; FDR-corrected <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = .048) when negative social cues were present.Conclusions and RelevanceYouths entered 3 distinct brain activation states during movie watching, and youths with anxiety spent more time in a state with high ventral attention and default activation during","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAMA PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-10DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4387
Ethan G. Dutcher, Andrew D. Krystal
{"title":"Treatment Expectancies and Psilocybin vs Escitalopram for Depression","authors":"Ethan G. Dutcher, Andrew D. Krystal","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4387","url":null,"abstract":"This randomized controlled trial secondary analysis examines the association between treatment expectancies and the relative efficacy of psilocybin compared with escitalopram for major depressive disorder.","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAMA PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-04DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3903
Mark Olfson, Chandler McClellan, Samuel H Zuvekas, Melanie Wall, Carlos Blanco
{"title":"Trends in Outpatient Psychotherapy Among Adults in the US.","authors":"Mark Olfson, Chandler McClellan, Samuel H Zuvekas, Melanie Wall, Carlos Blanco","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3903","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>While access to psychotherapy has recently increased in the US, concern exists that recent gains may be unevenly distributed despite teletherapy expansion.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize recent trends and patterns in outpatient psychotherapy by US adults.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This is a repeated cross-sectional study of psychotherapy use among adults (ages ≥18 years) in the 2018 to 2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys, which are nationally representative surveys of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Data were analyzed from March to August 2024.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Age-, sex-, and distress-adjusted differences between 2018 and 2021 in use of any psychotherapy and video-based psychotherapy (teletherapy) in 2021 with tests for trend differences (interactions) across levels of sociodemographic characteristics and distress were assessed. Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler-6 scale, with scores of 13 or higher defining serious psychological distress, 1 to 12 defining mild to moderate distress, and 0 defining no distress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis involved 89 619 participants (47 838 female [51.5%] and 41 781 male [48.5%]; 22 510 aged 18-34 years [29.0%], 43 371 aged 35-64 years [48.8%], and 23 738 aged ≥65 years [22.2%]). Between 2018 and 2021, psychotherapy use increased significantly faster for females (931/12 270 females [7.7%] to 1207/12 237 females [10.5%]) than males (547/10 741 males [5.2%] to 655/10 544 males [6.3%]), younger (455/6149 individuals [8.0%] to 602/5296 individuals [11.9%] aged 18-34 years) than older (217/5550 individuals [3.6%] to 304/6708 individuals [4.6%] aged ≥65 years) adults, college graduates (503/6456 adults [7.6%] to 810/7277 adults [11.4%]) than those without a high school diploma (193/3824 adults [5.5%] to 200/3593 adults [7.0%]), privately insured (881/14 387 adults [6.1%] to 1154/13 414 adults [8.9%]) than publicly insured (558/6511 adults [8.8%] to 659/7453 adults [8.8%]) individuals, adults at 2 to 4 times the poverty level (370/6670 adults [5.7%] to 488/6370 adults [8.2%]) than those below the poverty level (384/4495 adults [9.7%] to 428/4760 adults [10.0%]), employed persons overall (733/13 358 adults [5.7%] to 1082/12 365 adults [8.9%]) than unemployed persons aged 65 years and younger (547/5138 adults [10.8%] to 519/4905 adults [10.5%]), and urban (1335/20 682 adults [6.5%] to 1729/20 590 adults [8.7%]) than rural (143/2329 adults [6.4%] to 133/2191 adults [5.9%]) residents. In 2021, after controlling for distress level, teletherapy use was significantly higher among younger than middle-aged (aged 35-64 years: difference, -3.7 percentage points; 95% CI, -5.1 to -2.3) or older (aged ≥65 years: difference, -6.5 percentage points (95% CI, -8.0 to -5.0 percentage points) adults, females (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.9 to 2.9 percentag","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAMA PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3419
Felix Teufel, Aastha Aggarwal, Lydia Chwastiak, Vikram Patel, Mohammed K Ali
{"title":"Depression Diagnosis, Treatment, and Remission Among Adults in India.","authors":"Felix Teufel, Aastha Aggarwal, Lydia Chwastiak, Vikram Patel, Mohammed K Ali","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3419","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Depression is a leading contributor to mental health burdens globally and in India, the world's most populous country. National-level evidence on health coverage for adults with depression in India is lacking.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate proportions of middle-aged and older adults with depression in India who used health care services, were diagnosed with depression, received treatment, and were in remission.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This cross-sectional study used individual-level survey data from the 2017-2018 Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, which represents all 36 states and union territories of India. Data were collected from April 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018. The sample included adults 45 years or older with data on depression, health care service use, depression diagnosis and treatment, and sociodemographic characteristics. The response rates were 96% for households and 87% for individuals. Data were analyzed from January 15, 2024, to July 23, 2024.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Major depressive episodes in the past 12 months were assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview short-form symptom scale. We estimated self-reported health service use, depression diagnosis, and treatment for depression using sampling weights and stratified the data by rural vs urban residence. Participants were considered in remission if they received treatment and had fewer than 3 symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 65 121 participants, the median age was 57 years (IQR, 50-65 years); 53.3% were men and 46.7% were women. In terms of residence, 32.1% of participants resided in urban areas and 67.9% resided in rural areas. The weighted prevalence of depression was 8.6% (95% CI, 8.3%-8.9%). Of all participants with depression, 63.7% (95% CI, 62.0%-65.3%) had used any health services in the past year and 3.1% (95% CI, 2.6%-3.7%) had been diagnosed with depression; 1.6% (95% CI, 1.2%-2.0%) received some form of treatment (51% of those diagnosed) and 1.0% (95% CI, 0.7%-1.3%) were in remission (62% of those treated). The prevalence of depression was higher in rural areas (9.8% [95% CI, 9.4%-10.1%]) than in urban areas (6.2% [95% CI, 5.8%-6.7%]), although health service use, diagnosis, and treatment were lower in rural areas (61.2% [95% CI, 59.2%-63.1%], 2.6% [95% CI, 2.1%-3.3%], and 1.1% [95% CI, 0.8%-1.6%], respectively) than in urban areas (71.8% [95% CI, 68.5%-74.9%], 4.6% [95% CI, 3.5%-6.2%], and 3.0% [95% CI, 2.1%-4.4%], respectively). Among 29.6 million (95% CI, 28.6-30.6 million) middle-aged and older adults with depression across India, 29.1 million (95% CI, 28.2-30.1 million) were untreated, of whom 22.4 million (95% CI, 21.6-23.3 million) lived in rural areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that despite health service use by nearly two-thirds of middle-","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1265-1269"},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}