Journal ‐ American Water Works Association最新文献_第9页

People in the News 新闻人物

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2305

引用次数: 0

Setting Sustainable and Predictable Water Rates 制定可持续和可预测的水价

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2298

Cole E. Blackwell

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AWWA Water Science Author Spotlight: Karl Zimmermann AWWA 水科学作者聚焦：卡尔-齐默尔曼

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2296

{"title":"AWWA Water Science Author Spotlight: Karl Zimmermann","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2296","url":null,"abstract":"Having recently published an article in AWWA Water Science, Karl Zimmermann answered questions from the publication's editor-in-chief, Kenneth L. Mercer, about the research.Design Considerations for Biological Ion Exchange Drinking Water Filters: Resin Selection, Backwash, and RegenerationsKarl Zimmermann, William Szu-Wei Chen, Jaycee Wright, and Madjid MohseniI recently completed my PhD with Madjid Mohseni at the University of British Columbia (Vancouver), and I’m now heading into the world of consulting engineering. My PhD focus was to understand biological ion exchange (BIEX), a strategy to operate IEX drinking water filters for the removal of natural organic matter. Typically, IEX filters are regenerated about once weekly with a salt brine to keep them in chloride mode. But at the point when most people regenerate their filters, it's true that they’ve run out of chloride, but what wasn’t understood was that organics removal could continue through ion-exchanging with sulphate. There's also biology going on. Our research looked at describing each of these three mechanisms for organics removal and their relative contributions to overall filter performance.Karl Zimmermann's research focuses on biological ion exchange filters. Photo by Karl ZimmermannKarl lives in Vancouver, B.C., with his wife, Bri, and their dog, Ossa. Photo by Karl ZimmermannDuring COVID, I helped run a weekly seminar called WESTalks, which grew to be a worldwide event. I met and learned from dozens of water researchers and practitioners around the world, and I learned about the diverse range of water challenges facing society as well as the ways people are addressing these challenges. I became particularly interested in the WASH sector (WAter, Sanitation, Hygiene) and in water projects in developing communities.Much of the research findings on biological ion exchange water filters come from long-term pilot tests. Here, Karl is taking a sample from a community-scale pilot system. Photo by Karl ZimmermannIn Rajasthan, India, Karl (center, facing away from camera) listens to stories about fluoride-infected waters from local health workers. Photo by Karl ZimmermannWe’re trying to understand more about how BIEX filters can be designed to fit into treatment trains. This article is our group's first attempt to inform the design of BIEX filters, building off our past works describing the underlying science. Now we can confidently move into more industry-relevant work to inform the design and operations of BIEX filters. We’re at a stage to engage further with water practitioners.Our study was trying to load the BIEX filters totally with natural organic matter. But in the summer months, the river source's dissolved organic carbon would drop way down, which prolonged the time we needed to collect weekly water samples. We also had a huge washout after a November rainst","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"116 6","pages":"18-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/awwa.2296","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141326574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defining Regional Water Distribution System Models 确定区域配水系统模型

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2295

Saša Tomić, Nima Najafi, Heather Ripley, Matthew Huang, Brian Skeens

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Smart Technology Level of Water Purification Plants 评估净水厂的智能技术水平

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2300

Dong Gi Shin, Jong Yun Lee

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Fluid Financing of Water Utility Infrastructure With WIFIA 利用 WIFIA 为水务基础设施提供流体融资

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2299

Sean Franco, Adam T. Carpenter

引用次数: 0

Natural Drama 自然戏剧

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2293

Kenneth L. Mercer

{"title":"Natural Drama","authors":"Kenneth L. Mercer","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2293","url":null,"abstract":"Every drought begins with a sunny day, and for water utilities facing broader changes in precipitation combined with more weather extremes, these forces magnify the challenges of water management. Beyond tracking regional conditions, utilities must fully understand when their water supplies could be reduced past the point where they can support existing demands. Regardless of the cause of water shortages (natural forces, system component failures, or regulatory actions), utilities around the globe must account for larger variability affecting services that rely on an already-fickle Mother Nature.As this was written at the start of May 2024, the North American Drought Monitor website showed drought areas were mostly in Mexico, while around the globe conditions ranged from wetter than normal to states of severe drought. These conditions will change, though, and water professionals today must be part meteorologist and part climatologist to understand and communicate issues such as changes in groundwater recharge, lake and reservoir levels, runoff, and snowpack.In North America, July and August are the season of peak water use. Most utilities are busy with regular operations and warm-weather projects, but if water stress is currently low, it's also a good time to evaluate drought and water shortage response plans to ensure they’re ready for drier times. This is the time to consider operational evaluations of local codes, policies, procedures, and programs; use models to better understand local demand management and supply-side options; and connect with other systems to understand how they are promoting efficient use and managing water resources in their communities.Risk and uncertainty are increasing as a result of forces beyond local control, so utilities need to enhance their resilience and adaptability to remain sustainable. Staff and local stakeholders must understand locally specific characteristics that may prioritize some responses over others. As decision makers consider a widening range of scenarios, they need to coordinate with other agencies to adopt and implement efficient water use practices and land use policies. As stewards of public health and local resources, water professionals must ultimately understand and address any changes in the quantity, quality, and reliability of local and regional water supplies.Perhaps most critically, communication between utilities and their customers must be timely and transparent. For guidance, AWWA's 2022 report Designing and Evaluating Effective and Ongoing Drought Communication describes how water systems can customize their drought campaigns on the basis of size, resources, audience, purpose, and message. Continuing forward, utilities must help their customers adapt, even as they respond to the challenges of today and address the threats of tomorrow.Journal AWWA provides examples and guidance to address these areas; thanks for sharing your experi","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"116 6","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/awwa.2293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141326689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pricing: Cost of Service Versus Value of Water 定价：服务成本与水的价值

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2309

David B. LaFrance

{"title":"Pricing: Cost of Service Versus Value of Water","authors":"David B. LaFrance","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2309","url":null,"abstract":"Virtually nothing could be better or more successful without water services. As we all know, a community's water services provide unrivaled value to our communities, our health, and our way of life. What price would we pay for these benefits?You may have heard someone say something like, “Water is so important that it should be priced to reflect its value!” That seems like a sensible point since we know water is the world's most vital resource. But should it really be priced that way? Pure value-based pricing would turn water into a luxury good, and the price would zoom upward beyond what most could afford.Of course, pricing water properly is paramount for numerous reasons—and if not value-based pricing, what is the right approach? AWWA backs the vision that the public is best provided with water from self-sustaining utility services by pricing water using cost-of-service rates. Cost-of-service rates follow a generally accepted methodology that identifies the differences in the cost of providing service to each customer class and then sets rates designed to recover those costs from the customers who are responsible for the costs.Although I can think of extreme exceptions, in general it would be safe to say that cost-of-service rates will be lower than value-based rates. Still, full-cost pricing is not simple or a guarantee of low-cost pricing. AWWA's 2024 State of Water the Industry report indicates that approximately one in four utilities struggles to, at best, slightly cover the full cost of providing water service (see the accompanying table). This is concerning given the same report ranks financial sustainability as the fifth greatest challenge facing the water sector.Looking forward, AWWA's Water 2050 program stresses the importance of establishing pricing models that cover all of the costs of water service. It also promotes rate-setting that embeds costs associated with climate impacts, utility resilience, an evolving workforce, and infrastructure needs. Further, the Water 2050 program envisions the need for utilities to optimize efficiencies through a circular water economy, strategic partnerships based on shared economic interests, and the cost-saving efficiencies of technology. These considerations will affect, up and down, the level of future water rates.What does all of this mean? First, setting the price of water is not an easy job that's free of controversy. Second, value-based rates would introduce new and complex challenges that are not necessary in the grand scheme of providing sustainable water services. And third, the methodology used to set cost-of-service rates is the best option. It results in pricing that recovers costs from a utility's customers in proportion to the cost of serving those customers and, importantly, supports the long-term financial sustainability of the community's water services. The immediate challenge, however, is that 26% of utilities already struggle to cover","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"116 6","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/awwa.2309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141326622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Affordability: Two Sides of the Same Coin 可负担性：一枚硬币的两面

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2294

Adam T. Carpenter

{"title":"Affordability: Two Sides of the Same Coin","authors":"Adam T. Carpenter","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2294","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of water service affordability is a complex but unquestionably important topic for water systems and the communities they serve. There are numerous ways to measure what affordability is (too big of an issue for this column) and a variety of approaches to address it.Drinking water, wastewater, stormwater, reuse, and other water services have been around for a long time, as have socioeconomic challenges including poverty and other hardships that have made it difficult for some customers to afford service. So why has affordability become such a big policy issue now? There is no single answer, but rather a combination of several factors coming together, which in aggregate have appropriately focused a lot of attention on this important issue.On one side of the coin, there is no question that water systems will need to raise a lot of revenue. Infrastructure renewal and rehabilitation, inflation, and workforce concerns will cost hundreds of billions of dollars to US water systems. Additional drivers include the costs of meeting the updated Lead and Copper Rules, addressing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (commonly known as PFAS), adapting to climate change and preparing for extreme events, addressing cybersecurity, and a host of others. The substantial majority of costs borne by water systems are paid for through local rates and charges (or more simply, from payments of customers’ bills), and although some federal and state infrastructure assistance is available, it is limited.Without the necessary financial resources (primarily derived locally), water systems simply can’t meet these challenges while continuing to deliver safe drinking water and provide clean water services. A challenge of affordability, in which some customers don’t pay or struggle to pay, harms water systems, depriving them of needed revenue and increasing administrative costs of collection. As noted in the AWWA Policy Statement on Financing, Accounting and Rates, the goal is full cost pricing that ensures “long-term financial integrity of the utility to provide safe, high quality, and reliable service to customers.”The other side of the coin is equally compelling: water is essential to all aspects of life, and everyone needs it. Roughly 15% of people in United States get water from private wells, but most of the rest get it from public water systems. There's a compelling need for water to be affordable for health, safety, sanitary, and other reasons, with all these potentially being harmed when water is not affordable.Still, water is typically a very small portion of a typical family's budget, even in a low-income household. In many places, charging one customer differently from others on the basis of income is simply not legal. The water sector can’t solve poverty and other economic challenges on its own. Addressing challenges with the costs of housing, food, medicine, and energy will inherently make water more affordable through","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"116 6","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/awwa.2294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141326690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Industry News 行业新闻

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal ‐ American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1002/awwa.2306

引用次数: 0