Journal ‐ American Water Works Association最新文献

{"title":"Making the Grade: Defining Excellence in Online Communications for Water Utilities","authors":"Manuel P. Teodoro,&nbsp;Caroline Riordan","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2464","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effective utility communication requires effective online communication.</p>\u0000 <p>Transparency and interactivity are two key dimensions of online engagement.</p>\u0000 <p>The Wisconsin Waterworks Excellence Project developed a set of standards for assessing water utilities’ online communication on a 100-point scale.</p>\u0000 <p>These principles were used to evaluate the online communication capacity of 574 water utilities in the state of Wisconsin.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":"6-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/awwa.2464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Water Quality Aesthetics","authors":"Hunter Adams,&nbsp;John Consolvo,&nbsp;Susheera Pochiraju,&nbsp;Nikki Holloway,&nbsp;Ann Malinaro,&nbsp;Trevor Voegele","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2467","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The US Environmental Protection Agency's secondary maximum contaminant levels should be reviewed and updated to better reflect current understanding of aesthetics issues.</p>\u0000 <p>Sensory methods are an essential component of effective water quality aesthetics management.</p>\u0000 <p>Even small systems with little experience can implement sensory testing, such as the Attribute Rating Test, to make informed treatment decisions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":"34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Chlorine Dioxide to Limit Formation or Organic Disinfection Byproducts","authors":"Adam Eyring,&nbsp;Sean McKelvey,&nbsp;Maria Luciani,&nbsp;Robert Tuttle,&nbsp;Adam Hendricks","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2468","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For disinfection, chlorine dioxide is used as an alternative to chlorine because of the lower formation of regulated organic disinfection byproducts (DBPs).</p>\u0000 <p>A pilot-scale study by the Philadelphia Water Department investigated replacing free chlorine with chlorine dioxide as a preoxidant, with application at the filters being the first point of chlorination.</p>\u0000 <p>By using chlorine dioxide, both regulated and unregulated DBPs were found to be 10%–30% of the levels seen at a full-scale plant that uses chlorine and chloramines.</p>\u0000 <p>A simulated distribution system test with chloramine indicated that the final DBP levels would be significantly lower than those at the full-scale plant.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":"44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industry News","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2475","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":"71-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid Knowledge","authors":"Kenneth L. Mercer","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2462","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Finding and hiring talent for today's water workforce can be challenging, and it's equally difficult for newcomers to familiarize themselves with the wide range of issues facing our industry. Larger utilities often have succession plans that include leadership development and cross-functional training programs, but smaller utilities with limited staff and resources can struggle to collect and maintain their institutional knowledge. Yet it's these very limitations that make it crucial for small water systems to capture and preserve their operational and system information in a format that allows for easy access by new personnel.</p><p>Regardless of size, utilities should have a logical plan for collecting records and procedures, organizing them into a usable system, and staying disciplined about keeping them updated. Records are only as good as the information on which they are based, so it's important to take the time to adequately document system details and operational practices. Also, good information needs to be accessible, so utilities must ensure operators and work crews understand how to use and update records as necessary.</p><p>Accurate records not only make onboarding new staff easier; they can also decrease costs, increase system reliability, and simplify maintenance and repairs. In addition, they can be used to generate cost predictions and improve system management. Good utility records can also provide financial justification for infrastructure improvements and potential budget increases.</p><p>Various software packages can make knowledge capture and transfer more efficient. GIS (geographic information system)-based tools and asset database software can increase efficiency, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. If utilities have the resources, they should consider implementing a knowledge management database to capture existing documents electronically that are currently filed in cabinets or reside in non-centralized locations.</p><p>File integrity must be supported by top management, and the effort made to provide a reliable, high-quality water supply to customers must be matched by an equally responsible attitude toward recordkeeping. Good records can substantiate a utility's claim of being an effective organization, one that's deserving of public confidence.</p><p>If a utility already has an information storehouse, staff should regularly review those records and determine whether there are any gaps or any additional information that will help new hires. In case of emergencies, it's helpful to record past responses and recommendations so current staff understands critical operations that don’t occur often.</p><p>Those concerned with impending retirements in the water industry are particularly worried about the knowledge gaps threatening operational continuity. If you have solutions for the water industry, please consider writing an article to share your ideas and experiences by contacting me at <span>[email protected]</span>.</p>","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/awwa.2462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Penny for Your Thoughts","authors":"David B. LaFrance","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2477","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;I don’t remember the last time I used a penny. It has, after all, been a while since I used a gumball machine. On the other hand, if I see a penny on the ground, I will pick it up because all day long I will have good luck—as the adage goes. It is with this sort of duality that I view the current debate about eliminating the United States’ least valuable coin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eliminating the penny is not a new idea. This is actually the seventh time since 1990 there has been a government attempt to stop penny production. Also, it is worth noting that some countries, Canada being one of them, have successfully eliminated their one-cent coins.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The US government is motivated to eliminate the penny because of the cost to make it (see accompanying table). Right now, it costs 3.7 cents to make a one-cent coin. At first blush, it seems obvious that making this coin does not make sense. One might say the penny is financially upside down because the cost of the materials used to make the coin, plus the labor of manufacturing it, is greater than one cent by 2.7 cents. Nickels are also upside down. The good news is that the value of dimes and quarters is greater than the cost of making them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An internet search shows that pennies and other coins are typically in circulation for about 30 years. Think of the multiple times a penny will be used over three decades—logically, the cumulative uses of a penny, one cent at a time, provide value in excess of the one-time cost to make it. On top of that, when a coin is taken out of circulation, the US Mint recycles the metals to make new coins—a true circular economy.\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Money and water have a lot in common as well as distinct differences. As for similarities, water and money are used multiple times by many people. The penny you use is then used by another person, and then another, and so on, just as water is used repeatedly by you and other people. In both cases, water and pennies provide value for each person using them. Also, it costs money to produce water and coins. And importantly, unlike a penny, which is made once and used by multiple people over decades without new investments, water's cost is repeated in advance of each time it is provided to the next “downstream” user.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;One important difference between pennies and water: we can make more pennies, but we cannot make more water. While water is used over and over again, it is the same water we have always had. Pennies, on the other hand, are minted each year (at least for now), resulting in more fresh pennies going into circulation. Wouldn’t it be great if water scarcity could be solved by introducing “freshly minted” water into the supply?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Because the supply of water cannot expand, water professionals have to protect the supply, making sure each usage is free of contamination and that it is available in the quantity and quality needed. All of this protective care requires new financial investments each time water is delivered. P","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/awwa.2477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PFAS Compliance Hurdles Remain","authors":"Rachel Gonsenhauser","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2463","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Having recently passed the one-year mark since the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized its National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), water systems are already progressing toward rule compliance. The PFAS NPDWR, promulgated on April 26, 2024, set maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for five individual PFAS, requiring systems to monitor for PFAS and take steps to ensure PFAS levels do not exceed these MCLs. EPA also promulgated a Hazard Index MCL, for mixtures of two or more of four PFAS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Initial monitoring must begin. Groundwater systems serving 10,000 or fewer must collect two samples in a consecutive 12-month period, five to seven months apart. Groundwater systems serving greater than 10,000 and all surface water systems must collect four samples in a consecutive 12-month period, two to four months apart. Data must be collected on or after Jan. 1, 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Systems can use previously collected data to satisfy initial monitoring requirements. In November 2024, EPA issued a memorandum providing additional guidance on how primacy agencies may evaluate previously collected PFAS monitoring data from the fifth Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule or state monitoring efforts to satisfy initial monitoring requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, the rule requires that data be collected and analyzed using EPA Method 533 or Method 537.1, Version 2.0. In January 2025, EPA announced expedited approval of EPA Method 537.1, Version 1.0, for initial monitoring under the PFAS NPDWR. This approval may help systems address the timing gap between Jan. 1, 2019, and when other approved analytical methods became available (i.e., December 2019 for Method 533 and March 2020 for Method 537.1, Version 2.0).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;EPA prepared a series of plain English summaries of key rule elements, including Control of PFAS Overview: A Quick Reference Guide, Fact Sheet: PFAS NPDWR Monitoring and Reporting, PFAS Hazard Index: A Quick Reference Guide, and PFAS NPDWR Significant Figures and Rounding Requirements. These guides supplement rule text incorporated into the Code of Federal Regulations, summarizing and expanding on important facets of the rule.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In February 2025, AWWA released standard ANSI/AWWA B104-24, &lt;i&gt;Single-Use Ion Exchange Treatment for Trace Contaminant Removal&lt;/i&gt;. B104-24 complements the existing standard ANSI/AWWA B604-18, &lt;i&gt;Granular Activated Carbon&lt;/i&gt;. In April 2025 AWWA in collaboration with of the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators, released &lt;i&gt;PFAS&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Treatment Evaluation: Framework for Approaching Permit/Plan Approval&lt;/i&gt;. This framework serves as a resource for water system managers and primacy agency staff to evaluate PFAS treatment selection options, facilitating expeditious treatment system approval.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As systems look toward implementing a new rule amid an ongoing political transition, uncertainty abounds. The announcement emphasized a continued focus ","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/awwa.2463","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights From 15 Years of New York City's Drinking Water Quality Complaints","authors":"Adam Kulaczkowski,&nbsp;Jarai Sanneh,&nbsp;Miah Cohall,&nbsp;Ali Ahmad Sabri,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Jimena González-Ramírez,&nbsp;Anna Di Mauro,&nbsp;Giovanni F. Santonastaso,&nbsp;Armando Di Nardo,&nbsp;Juneseok Lee","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2466","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During 2010–2024, more than 20,000 drinking water complaints were reported in New York City (NYC).</p>\u0000 <p>Descriptive and spatiotemporal analytical results on these calls were developed using open, public data sets from NYC311, a municipal complaint line.</p>\u0000 <p>Unique characteristics and spatiotemporal patterns of potential causes were identified, with the overall goal of advocating for the use of open-source data to foster collaboration among researchers, states, water utilities, and industry.</p>\u0000 <p>Collaborative work will emphasize more sustainable management and operation of drinking water systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":"22-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AWWA Water Science Author Spotlight: Mathieu Medina","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2465","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Having recently published an article in AWWA Water Science, Mathieu Medina answered questions from the publication's editor-in-chief, Kenneth L. Mercer, about the research&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Risks of Stannous Chloride Without Filtration for Hexavalent Chromium Treatment&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anthony Kennedy, Brittany Gregory, Mathieu Medina, Douglas Whichard, Elaine Edjan, Tarrah Henrie, Chad Seidel, and Craig Gorman&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Mathieu Medina hiking in Joshua Tree National Park (in California) at Warren Peak&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Mathieu visiting a pilot testing site for hexavalent chromium treatment in the Coachella Valley in Southern California&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Water we drink and use every day comes from somewhere: a lake, river, or underground. Before getting to our faucets, the water is treated to remove harmful or displeasing substances. After being treated, it travels through pipes to arrive at your home and other buildings for your day-to-day use. Whether investigating impacts on that water at the source, treatment techniques to remove substances from the water, or changes to the water as it travels to your home, my work as a water process engineer is to ensure access to safe and clean water for communities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Working with students in an outreach program as part of the Colorado Association of Black Professional Engineers and Scientists, building their final project and presentation for their water engineering course&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Attending a Colorado Rockies baseball game with Corona colleagues, including coauthors Anthony Kennedy (front, right) and Brittany Gregory (front, third from left)&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study built on questions and concerns identified from previous bench-, pilot-, and full-scale testing to evaluate water quality, aesthetic, and performance impacts on representative premise plumbing materials, fixtures, and appurtenances. The additional analysis of heavy metals showed the accumulation of co-occurring heavy metals in the raw water, such as arsenic and manganese, with tin and chromium.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The speed and frequency of equipment fouling or failure was surprising. This required more day-to-day oversight at the pipe rig than initially expected, including the maintenance and replacement of faucet and sediment filters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Further exploration with enhanced instrumentation to monitor key parameters in real time. Harvested pipe materials from the distribution system could be used to evaluate the impact of stannous chloride on legacy deposits. Pipe scale analyses in pipe rig studies could be evaluated to further understand tin scaling and plating.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I enjoy spending time outside at a park, on a hike, or biking. My inside hobbies include practicing yoga and trying out new vegan recipes or Caribbean-inspired dishes. During the school year, I volunteer as an advisor and tutor with the Colorado Association of Black Professional Engineers and Scientists outreach program for middle- and high-schoolers, teaching about water engineering and other STEM ","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":"16-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/awwa.2465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Water Infrastructure in North America: A Tale of Two Cities","authors":"Kerry E. Black","doi":"10.1002/awwa.2470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/awwa.2470","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14785,"journal":{"name":"Journal ‐ American Water Works Association","volume":"117 6","pages":"60-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}