{"title":"CLARE—a Prolog database machine","authors":"Kam-Fai Wong, M. H. Williams","doi":"10.1145/99412.99460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99460","url":null,"abstract":"The CLAuse Retrieval Engine (CLARE) is a coprocessor system which based on two-stage filtering, for handling large sets of disc resident clauses in Prolog database applications. The overall architecture and the timing measurements of the first stage CLARE hardware are reported. The timing measurements shows that the first stage CLARE hardware can perform search operations on data transferring at a rate up to 4.5 million double bytes per second.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116586528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adequacy of checksum algorithms for computer virus detection","authors":"Douglas W. Varney","doi":"10.1145/99412.99494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99494","url":null,"abstract":"1.0 Introduction Checksums, long used for random error detection in communications, is now being employed to detect changes for integrity purposes. For example, checksums are being used for the detection of computer viruses [FGZ86]. The checksum algorithms for detecting random errors are not sufficient against an entity that wishes to “fool” the checksum mechanism. This entity wants to be able to insert a forgery in place of the original data such that an unsuspecting user does not realize the forgery has occurred. This paper describes checksum algorithms and features of checksum algorithms to deter this type of forgery.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124563471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An approach to tableau inferencing with “hardwired” heuristics","authors":"H. Berghel, R. Rankin, Farrukh Burney","doi":"10.1145/99412.99436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99436","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we discuss a prototype of the tableau method which derives its rule base from Jeffrey's text [3]. The heuristics are a subset of those outlined for HARP by Oppacher and Suen [4]. The prototype was written in C and intended for use with the IBM family of microcomputers. We shall outline some of our implementation strategies and, insofar as is possible, contrast them with those of the earlier pioneering work of Oppacher and Suen.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114340535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adapting software to the user's cognitive style: field dependence-field independence","authors":"D. Valentine","doi":"10.1145/99412.99430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99430","url":null,"abstract":"As microcomputer technology converges with methods of artificial intelligence, we should see small computing systems that are more responsive to the cognitive functioning of the user. That is, the software should be able to adapt to the user's “cognitive style,” or normal mode of processing information.\u0000This paper will discuss one measure of cognitive style, Witkin's model of psychological differentiation, and how it can be used to generate such responsive software systems. The examples are drawn largely from Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) programs, but the issues are applicable to a broad range of small systems software.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114923912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fault finder","authors":"W. Elliot, M. Schneider","doi":"10.1145/99412.99420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99420","url":null,"abstract":"The FAULT FINDER Expert System implements fault isolation decisions for any target system or equipment that can be modeled by lowest replaceable units (hereafter called LRUs). The term “Target System” will be used to refer to the system being fault isolated. The Fault Finder expert system fault isolates the target system's LRUs. This expert system utilizes a data base to represent each LRU, a status interface to obtain LRU status, and a knowledge base to store the rules of fault isolation for the target system. The expert system has multiple “learning” capabilities in the data base, the knowledge base and the inference procedure. Another aspect of learning which influences the structure of the knowledge base is that each rule has parameters associated with it to store the information learned as a result of user feedback and the inference process. The certainty or possibility associated with the conclusion of each rule is adjusted as the system runs and gains experience. The inference procedure uses fuzzy logic for premise matching certainty, and combining of premise certainties for the rule firing certainty. This expert system brings together for the first time a fault isolation system with unique knowledge representation, inference processing, fuzzy logic, and multiple learning capabilities in one design. Also presented are issues of knowledge structure, and possible types of fault isolation knowledge.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115739712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A personal computer based expert system for answering student questions in the CS1 course","authors":"Robert L. Tureman","doi":"10.1145/99412.99442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99442","url":null,"abstract":"I. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT The system is a portion of a larger project funded by the League for Innovation in the Community College and IBM to automate the delivery of the ACM CSl course. The expert system is . part of the project tecr%?it will allow the student to get answers to questions if an instructor is not available. Since the project is to be run under Microsoft WINDOWS, this expert will be available to the student whenever a question comes up while running the processes that make up the course.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134107738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Specification and verification of active message systems","authors":"K. Wong, E. A. Unger","doi":"10.1145/99412.99421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99421","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the specification and verification of an active message system. Aspects of specification and verification of active messages are discussed. Approaches to the formal specification and verification of active message design are described. A formal system that is based on temporal logic for describing and analyzing properties of active messages is developed. A proof of the termination of an active message is given as an example to clarify the concepts discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"101-102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133041855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self organizing neural networks with a split/merge algorithm","authors":"Arun D. Kulkarni, G. Whitson","doi":"10.1145/99412.99485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99485","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a new learning algorithm for Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) using a split/merge technique. An ANN model with the new algorithm has been developed and tested on a PC. The model detects the similarity between the input patterns, and identifies the number of categories present in the input samples. The algorithm is similar to a competitive learning algorithm. Unlike the competitive learning algorithm, in this algorithm we use two types of weights: long term weights (LTWs) and short term weights (STWs). The network stability is provided by the LTWs, whereas the network plasticity is provided by STWs. As an illustration, the model is used to categorize pixels in a multispectral image. The categorization is based on the observed spectral signature at each pixel.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123547288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Explanation in ecological systems","authors":"D. Riordan, K. Carden","doi":"10.1145/99412.99483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99483","url":null,"abstract":"The use of expert systems in ecology can benefit greatly from recent advances in explanation generating techniques. These techniques can facilitate the construction of expert systems and increase manager confidence. The objectives of our research work are to design and construct expert systems software that can produce enhanced explanations in expert systems for use in the ecological domain.\u0000Our first effort was the identification of the functional requirements of explanation that were relevant to ecologists. Three needs were identified: demonstration of the relationships between the specific kinds of uncertainty modeled in the ecological reasoning process, quantification of the effect which these kinds of uncertainty have on the conclusions of the system, and identification of “critical states” in this reasoning process. The second effort was the design of efficient software modules for integrating these requirements into existing expert systems.\u0000We present an explanatory technique which can analyze and present the model of the reasoning process, used by expert ecologists in a way which can be easily related to practicalities such as the allocation of priorities, and, a mechanism to identify and analyze points in this reasoning process that become relatively critical during a consultation.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126686529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A dedicated small computer for artificial intelligence","authors":"Hiromitsu Shirakawa, Hitoshi Ogawa, M. Fujiwara","doi":"10.1145/99412.99466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/99412.99466","url":null,"abstract":"It is commonly recognized that AI Languages, such as Common Lisp or Prolog, require a workstation. This is mainly due to the fact that both languages need large amounts of memory space and disk storage space. Workstations are appropriate for a laboratory or office environment. However, they are too large to use in the real application fields of industry or business. Also users who apply artificial intelligence to these fields wish to have their own operating systems. We propose a small computer which provides easy-to-use tools for artificial intelligence applications. In this paper we describe the design objectives of a small computer for artificial intelligence applications and a small operating system which supports Common Lisp and Prolog.","PeriodicalId":147067,"journal":{"name":"Symposium on Small Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129334910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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