Adapting software to the user's cognitive style: field dependence-field independence

Abstract

As microcomputer technology converges with methods of artificial intelligence, we should see small computing systems that are more responsive to the cognitive functioning of the user. That is, the software should be able to adapt to the user's “cognitive style,” or normal mode of processing information. This paper will discuss one measure of cognitive style, Witkin's model of psychological differentiation, and how it can be used to generate such responsive software systems. The examples are drawn largely from Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) programs, but the issues are applicable to a broad range of small systems software.