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An Ocean Apart: Meteorology and the Elusive Observatories of British Malaya 隔海相望：气象学与英属马来亚难以捉摸的观测站
IF 0.6 2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727680
Fiona Williamson
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引用次数: 0
The Harpsichord Brain: Instrumental Models of the Mind in Eighteenth-Century France 大键琴的大脑：十八世纪法国的心灵乐器模型
IF 0.6 2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727681
Edward Halley Barnet
{"title":"The Harpsichord Brain: Instrumental Models of the Mind in Eighteenth-Century France","authors":"Edward Halley Barnet","doi":"10.1086/727681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727681","url":null,"abstract":"This essay explores the use of stringed instruments (and in particular the harpsichord) as models of brain and cognitive function in eighteenth-century French medicine and natural philosophy. These comparisons were founded in part on the anatomical investigations of the latter half of the seventeenth century, which had established both the “fibrous” structure of the white and gray matter of the cerebrum and the vibratory movement the brain underwent in the performance of its functions. Musical instruments—and in particular the harpsichord—helped these philosophers speculate about how the brain worked as the material instrument of sensation and thought: they were machines at once mechanical and affective, grounded in the materiality of their wooden boards and metal strings, yet symbolizing the rational—and immaterial—harmonies of music.","PeriodicalId":14667,"journal":{"name":"Isis","volume":"8 11","pages":"769 - 790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139023770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Locating the Central Asiatic Expedition: Epistemic Imperialism in Vertebrate Paleontology 定位中亚探险队：古脊椎动物学中的帝国主义认识论
IF 0.6 2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727563
Lukas Rieppel, Yu-chi Chang
{"title":"Locating the Central Asiatic Expedition: Epistemic Imperialism in Vertebrate Paleontology","authors":"Lukas Rieppel, Yu-chi Chang","doi":"10.1086/727563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727563","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1920s, researchers from the American Museum of Natural History led by Roy Chapman Andrews exported a large collection of valuable fossils from the Gobi Desert. While their expedition was celebrated across Europe and the United States, it aroused enormous controversy in China and Mongolia, especially after a new Nationalist government was formed in Nanjing during the late 1920s. Whereas Chinese scholars accused American scientists of plundering their natural heritage, Andrews argued that because dinosaurs went extinct long before the creation of China, prehistoric fossils belonged equally to all mankind. This essay locates the Central Asiatic Expedition within a broader history of epistemic imperialism to explore what the controversy that it engendered reveals about the production, circulation, and accumulation of knowledge in a global context.","PeriodicalId":14667,"journal":{"name":"Isis","volume":"447 ","pages":"725 - 746"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139026176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introduction: Launching a Labor History of Science 导言：启动《劳动科学史
IF 0.6 2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727646
Alexandra Hui, Lissa L. Roberts, Seth Rockman
{"title":"Introduction: Launching a Labor History of Science","authors":"Alexandra Hui, Lissa L. Roberts, Seth Rockman","doi":"10.1086/727646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727646","url":null,"abstract":"This introduction to the Focus section “Let’s Get to Work: Bringing Labor History and the History of Science Together” considers the need for and implications of a labor history of science. What would the broad contours of such an approach be? And what new insights, into both the past and the present, could be revealed? The contributions to this Focus section show how a labor history of science broadens our understanding of the practice and practitioners of science. They also use these historical narratives recursively, to reflect on the practice of doing history of science. And they suggest that we come up short in our obligations to the labor of our field’s past and present. This introduction offers a brief overview of the points of intersection between the fields of labor history and history of science and indicates where these intersections might be more profitably developed.","PeriodicalId":14667,"journal":{"name":"Isis","volume":"174 10","pages":"817 - 826"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139014047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mutual Aid: The Workers’ History of Science 互助：工人的科学史
IF 0.6 2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727645
Laura Stark
{"title":"Mutual Aid: The Workers’ History of Science","authors":"Laura Stark","doi":"10.1086/727645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727645","url":null,"abstract":"Since around 2010, a workers’ history of science has emerged as a distinct set of research questions and professional practices. More than a consolidation of prior concepts, the workers’ history of science attends to resource distribution both in sites of science in the past and in present-day historians’ sites of training and labor—the university, the library, the research organization, the professional meeting, and more. To understand the timing and trajectory of the workers’ history of science, it is helpful to look at the history of “mutual aid.” This example clarifies, first, how the workers’ history of science is enlivening the historiography of science: by bringing to the past a form of analysis that was actively politically suppressed in the workplaces of history in the United States after World War II. It also shows how the workers’ history of science can, in alliance with other movements, gradually transform the political economy of the profession—through small but consequential decisions about how to organize our shared professional worlds.","PeriodicalId":14667,"journal":{"name":"Isis","volume":"363 ","pages":"841 - 849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139018472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A “Truly International” Discipline: Adverbs, Ideals, and the Reinvention of International Mathematics, 1920–1950 一门 "真正国际化 "的学科：副词、理想和国际数学的重塑，1920-1950 年
IF 0.6 2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727706
Michael J. Barany
{"title":"A “Truly International” Discipline: Adverbs, Ideals, and the Reinvention of International Mathematics, 1920–1950","authors":"Michael J. Barany","doi":"10.1086/727706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727706","url":null,"abstract":"Examining how, and to what effect, the phrase “truly international” became central to the rhetoric and organization of the American-hosted 1950 International Congress of Mathematicians, this essay traces the negotiation of a “truly international” discipline from mathematicians’ first international congresses around the turn of the century across two world wars and their divisive interlude. Two failed attempts to host international congresses of mathematicians in the United States, for 1924 and 1940, defined the stakes for those who became the principal organizers for 1950. Combining American organizational records with contexts and sources that extend across and beyond traditional mathematical centers in Europe and North America, the essay shows how a small cohort of American mathematicians marshaled an emphatic but ambiguous “international” rhetoric to guide policies and command cooperation and support while responding to persistent challenges. Their adaptations and compromises left a lasting mark on the terms and achievements of international inclusion, cooperation, and hegemony in mathematics.","PeriodicalId":14667,"journal":{"name":"Isis","volume":"261 1","pages":"791 - 816"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138991242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contents of Isis, Volume 114 伊希斯》内容，第 114 卷
IF 0.6 2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/728360
{"title":"Contents of Isis, Volume 114","authors":"","doi":"10.1086/728360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/728360","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14667,"journal":{"name":"Isis","volume":"155 ","pages":"897 - 899"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139021072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eloge: Garland Edward Allen III (1936–2023): An Idiosyncratic, Dialectical Multilogue 爱乐乐加兰-爱德华-艾伦三世（1936-2023）：对话、辩证的多重对话
IF 0.6 2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727678
Nathaniel Comfort
{"title":"Eloge: Garland Edward Allen III (1936–2023): An Idiosyncratic, Dialectical Multilogue","authors":"Nathaniel Comfort","doi":"10.1086/727678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727678","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14667,"journal":{"name":"Isis","volume":"11 6","pages":"850 - 856"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139015210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Politics of Objects 物品政治学
IF 0.6 2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727667
Judith Kaplan
{"title":"The Politics of Objects","authors":"Judith Kaplan","doi":"10.1086/727667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727667","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14667,"journal":{"name":"Isis","volume":"41 4","pages":"857 - 860"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139024136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epidemic Inequities: Social and Racial Inequality in the History of Pandemics 流行病不平等:流行病历史上的社会和种族不平等
2区 哲学
Isis Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.1086/726986
Michael F. McGovern, Keith A. Wailoo
{"title":"Epidemic Inequities: Social and Racial Inequality in the History of Pandemics","authors":"Michael F. McGovern, Keith A. Wailoo","doi":"10.1086/726986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726986","url":null,"abstract":"The historiography of pandemics and inequality can be characterized by two distinct but often overlapping traditions. One centers structural and political analysis, the other a race-critical approach to the production of human difference. This bibliographic essay reviews historical scholarship in these traditions spanning the past hundred years, with a focus on Anglophone literature in the history of medicine in the United States over the past half century. Early writing on the history of epidemics celebrated the conquest of disease through the application of laboratory research. Insights from social history and environmental history came to inform new analyses of epidemic inequalities, drawing questions of race, class, and empire into the frame during the 1960s and 1970s. The AIDS pandemic of the 1980s further oriented scholarship toward reckoning with stigma, identity, and human experiences of inequality while also troubling the relationship between medicine and the state. In more recent decades, the scholarship on race, social inequality, and pandemics has become deep and broad, remedying longstanding biases toward elite scientific actors and the metropolitan centers of Europe and the East Coast of the United States. In expanding their vision, historians also have engaged in more nuanced analyses of racialization as a social, environmental, and ideological process of embodying difference. Further, where earlier scholarship often relied on mortality data, there has been growing awareness of how numbers shape narratives and are shaped by them in turn. In its conclusion, the essay highlights emerging themes in race and inequality with particular attention to themes that have become prominent amid the global devastation wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":14667,"journal":{"name":"Isis","volume":"36 Suppl 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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