Japanese journal of clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Suicide risk among individuals diagnosed with cancer during versus before the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide population-based study.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A reanalysis of the Hitachi cohort study evaluating the effectiveness of low-dose CT screening for lung cancer.","authors":"Keisuke Fukui, Takeshi Nawa, Tomio Nakayama, Motoyasu Sagawa","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effectiveness of low-dose thoracic computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer for non-smokers or light smokers has been unclear. The results of the Hitachi cohort study performed by the conventional multivariable analysis suggested the reduction of lung cancer mortality by thoracic CT screening, but also revealed the lower all-cause mortality in the CT group, which indicated the existence of self-selection bias. Because the background of the subjects in the CT screening group and that in the X-ray screening group were very different, it is critical to adjust appropriately the confounding factors. In this brief report, we describe a re-evaluation of the results of the Hitachi Cohort Study performed by using more flexible methods, propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Darolutamide-based triplet therapy versus androgen receptor pathway inhibitor-based doublet therapy for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: a real-world analysis using the TriNetX database.","authors":"Yoichiro Tohi, Yuri Kitadani, Takuma Kato, Shunsuke Nakamura, Naoya Kani, Iori Matsuda, Kana Kohashiguchi, Yohei Abe, Hirohito Naito, Homare Okazoe, Rikiya Taoka, Fumiaki Mikami, Mikio Sugimoto","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, there are no large cohort studies comparing the clinical outcomes of triplet therapy with those of androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI)-based doublet therapy for patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) representing real-world practice. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare whether triplet or doublet therapy is more effective in patients with mCSPC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This large-scale retrospective cohort study used TriNetX electronic medical record data from August 2018 to July 2026, enrolling patients with mCSPC categorized as receiving triplet [darolutamide + docetaxel + androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)] or doublet therapy (enzalutamide or apalutamide + ADT). The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), while the secondary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving a PSA level ≤ 0.2 ng/ml. Propensity score matching (PSM) (1:1) was conducted to adjust for confounding variables between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1841 patients met the eligibility criteria. Following PSM (n = 329), triplet therapy was associated with a statistically significant improvement in OS compared with doublet therapy (hazard ratio: 0.601; 95% confidence interval: 0.420-0.862; log-rank P = .005). The proportions of patients achieving PSA ≤0.2 ng/ml were 26.4% vs. 17.0% at 3 months (P = .003), 37.4% vs. 27.7% at 6 months (P = .008), 43.8% vs. 35.9% at 12 months (P = .038), and 50.5% vs. 40.1% at any time (P = .008) in the triplet and doublet groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this real-world analysis using the TriNetX database, triplet therapy including darolutamide significantly improved OS and PSA decline compared with ARPI-based doublet therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab for recurrent metastatic urothelial carcinoma following adjuvant nivolumab.","authors":"Lan Inoki, Saizo Fujimoto, Mamoru Hashimoto, Yutaka Yamamoto, Teruo Inamoto, Keita Tamura, Takuhisa Nukaya, Kiyoshi Takahara, Wataru Fukuokaya, Takafumi Yanagisawa, Yuki Yoshikawa, Ryoichi Maenosono, Hirofumi Morinaka, Seitetsu Sugiyama, Kazutoshi Fujita","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adjuvant nivolumab is an established postoperative treatment for high-risk urothelial carcinoma, but evidence for subsequent enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab (EVP) after recurrence is limited. We retrospectively evaluated 17 patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who received EVP after recurrence following adjuvant nivolumab in a Japanese multi-institutional cohort. Among 16 response-evaluable patients, the objective response rate was 68.8% (11/16; exact 95% confidence interval [CI]: 41.3%-89.0%), including four complete responses and seven partial responses. Responses were observed across nivolumab-free interval groups. Median progression-free survival was 5.2 months (95% CI, 2.5-not estimable), and the median overall survival was not reached (95% CI, 8.4-not estimable). Grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred in three patients (17.6%), and one treatment-related death was recorded. These findings suggest clinically meaningful antitumor activity of EVP after recurrence following adjuvant nivolumab, warranting confirmation in larger comparative studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmed death-ligand 1 expression in gastric cancer by the combined positive score using the PD-L1 IHC 28-8 pharmDx test: a single institution's experience.","authors":"Tomomi Hamaguchi, Kyoko Furusawa, Mamoru Watanabe, Kei Hayashi, Mitsuhiro Furuta, Yasuhiro Inokuchi, Satoshi Kobayashi, Makoto Ueno, Yuta Nakayama, Mie Tanabe, Junya Morita, Kyohei Kanematsu, Shinsuke Nagasawa, Takanobu Yamada, Takashi Ogata, Takashi Oshima, Tomoyuki Yokose, Nozomu Machida, Junji Furuse, Shin Maeda","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Combined Positive Score (CPS) is a biomarker of nivolumab efficacy in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Reported CPS ≥ 5 in AGC has been inconsistent across studies. We aimed to examine the distribution of CPS in real-world clinical practice using the Dako PD-L1 IHC 28-8 pharmDx (Dako 28-8) assay and to evaluate its clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively assessed CPS using Dako 28-8 in 138 patients with AGC treated at our institution between January 2022 and December 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The numbers of patients with CPS ≥ 5, 1 ≤ CPS < 5, and CPS < 1 were 65 (47.1%), 50 (36.2%), and 23 (16.7%), respectively. Among the patients evaluated for microsatellite instability (MSI) or tumor mutation burden (TMB), MSI-high was identified in 3/32 (9.4%), 2/31 (6.5%), and 1/20 (5.0%), while TMB-high was identified in 5/14 (35.7%), 4/20 (20.0%), and 2/11 (18.2%) in the CPS ≥ 5, 1 ≤ CPS < 5, and CPS < 1 groups, respectively. Nivolumab combination therapy was administered as first-line treatment in 14, 10, and 11 patients in the CPS ≥ 5, 1 ≤ CPS < 5, and CPS < 1 groups, respectively. Median Progression-free survival was 5.6 months in CPS ≥ 5, 5.9 months in 1 ≤ CPS < 5, and 6.5 months in CPS < 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The frequency of CPS ≥5 in patients with AGC was approximately half of the total population. Because TMB-high tumors were identified in some patients with CPS < 5, further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of TMB in predicting ICI responsiveness in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features and treatment outcomes of fibrous dysplasia: a report from the Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Registry in Japan.","authors":"Masayuki Morishita, Daisuke Kobayashi, Akira Ogose, Akira Kido, Akihiko Takeuchi, Kazu Matsumoto, Kota Watanabe, Yoji Furukawa, Michio Ozeki, Akira Kawai, Yoshihiro Nishida","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign bone disorder classified into monostotic (MFD) and polyostotic (PFD) forms. There is limited evidence available regarding the clinical management of FD, and no large-scale epidemiological or treatment reports have been published from Japan. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify FD epidemiology and management using data from the nationwide Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor (BSTT) Registry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively analyzed patients with MFD and PFD registered in the BSTT Registry between 2008 and 2019. The data included patient demographics, tumor location, surgical treatment, and recurrence. Local control survival (LCS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using a log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 3181 FD cases were registered from 127 institutions (MFD, 2889; 90.8%; PFD, 292; 9.2%). The femur was the most frequently affected site in both groups. Intralesional curettage was the most frequently performed surgical procedure, accounted for in 66.9% of MFD cases and 60.8% of PFD cases. Local recurrence occurred in 2.6% and 4.2% of patients with MFD and PFD, respectively. The 1-year overall LCS rate was 97.4%, with no significant differences between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the largest dataset of FD in Japan, contributing to a better understanding of its epidemiology and surgical management. However, limitations, such as the underrepresentation of pediatric cases, incomplete data on non-surgical treatments, and deformity correction procedures, highlight the need for more comprehensive data to inform future treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion surgery for gastric cancer: current status and future perspectives.","authors":"Itaru Yasufuku, Yusuke Okuma, Syunpei Tonomura, Seito Fujibayashi, Wakana Chikaishi, Masahide Endo, Yuji Hatanaka, Masahiro Fukada, Ryuichi Asai, Yuta Sato, Jesse Yu Tajima, Akitaka Makiyama, Yoshihiro Tanaka, Nobuhisa Matsuhashi","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conversion surgery, defined as surgical resection with curative intent after a favorable response to systemic chemotherapy in patients with initially unresectable gastric cancer, has attracted considerable attention as a potential treatment strategy for metastatic disease. Observational studies suggest that long-term survival may be achieved when R0 resection is accomplished. However, the therapeutic landscape has changed with advances in systemic treatment, including immune checkpoint inhibitor-based regimens. Recent evidence indicates that some patients who respond well to modern systemic therapies may achieve prolonged survival without surgery. Emerging observational data also suggest that, among patients with profound tumor regression or complete response to chemotherapy, overall survival may not differ substantially between those undergoing surgery and those continuing systemic therapy alone, raising important questions regarding the necessity of conversion surgery in current clinical practice. Accordingly, the Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines 2025 concluded that evidence remains insufficient to make a clear recommendation regarding conversion surgery. This review summarizes the concept and definition of conversion surgery, outlines the resectability classifications proposed by the Japan Clinical Oncology Group, and critically reviews evidence from observational studies and prospective trials, with particular attention to chemotherapy responders treated with or without surgery. In the modern treatment era, conversion surgery remains a promising approach; however, whether it offers a survival advantage over continued systemic chemotherapy has not been established. Clarification of its appropriate role in metastatic gastric cancer requires evidence from prospective randomized trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148828412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of the FAN score in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma treated with enfortumab vedotin monotherapy.","authors":"Hiromu Horitani, Atsunari Kawashima, Yu Ishizuya, Yoshiyuki Yamamoto, Takuji Hayashi, Shunsuke Inoguchi, Yuki Horibe, Nesrine Sassi, Yujiro Hayashi, Takeshi Ujike, Koichi Tsutahara, Mototaka Sato, Yosuke Sekii, Koji Yazawa, Fuki Kondo, Yutaka Kurahashi, Wataru Nakata, Toshihisa Asakura, Takahiro Imanaka, Koichi Okada, Masashi Nakayama, Taigo Kato, Koji Hatano, Norio Nonomura","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the prognostic significance of the Fib-4 index, ALBI and NLR (FAN) score, a composite score comprising the fibrosis-4 index, albumin-bilirubin score, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma treated with enfortumab vedotin (EV) monotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective study included 164 patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma who received EV monotherapy following prior systemic therapy. Patients were classified into three groups (0, 1, and 2-3) based on the FAN score, and progression-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival (OS) outcomes were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of patients with FAN scores of 0, 1, and 2-3 were 26.8% (n = 44), 40.2% (n = 66), and 32.9% (n = 54), respectively. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.1, 5.7, and 3.8 months across FAN score groups. A significant difference was observed between the FAN 0 and 2-3 groups (Holm-adjusted P = .025). Median cancer-specific survival (CSS) was 17.5, 12.2, and 7.2 months and differed significantly across groups (Holm-adjusted P = .012). OS showed a similar significant decline (Holm-adjusted P = .013). Multivariable analysis confirmed the FAN score as an independent prognostic factor for OS, CSS, and PFS. Furthermore, adding the FAN score to a model comprising conventional clinical factors improved prognostic accuracy for both CSS and OS (ΔC-index for CSS = 0.067, bootstrap P < .001; ΔC-index for OS = 0.057, bootstrap P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The FAN score is a simple and clinically useful prognostic tool that may improve risk stratification in patients receiving EV monotherapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage-specific prognostic impact and recurrence patterns according to tumor location in upper tract urothelial carcinoma following radical nephroureterectomy: a propensity score-matched analysis.","authors":"Yue Ogihara, Fumihiko Urabe, Masataka Kubo, Naoki Uchida, Hirokazu Kagawa, Masaki Hashimoto, Yuhei Koike, Yuya Iwamoto, Shota Kawano, Mimu Ishikawa, Sotaro Kayano, Juria Nakano, Yuzo Inaba, Kosuke Iwatani, Yu Imai, Minoru Nakazono, Keiji Yasue, Kojiro Tashiro, Masaya Murakami, Takaya Sasaki, Shunsuke Tsuzuki, Jun Miki, Takahiro Kimura","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prognostic significance of the location of the primary tumor in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains controversial. We evaluated the impact of ureteral urothelial carcinoma (UUC) versus renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma (RPUC) on oncological outcomes and recurrence patterns following radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analysed 779 patients with UTUC who underwent RNU between 2012 and 2021 within the JIKEI-YAYOI Collaborative Group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance clinicopathological characteristics between UUC and RPUC. The primary endpoints were non-urothelial tract recurrence-free survival (NUTRFS) and overall survival (OS). Cancer-specific survival (CSS), intravesical recurrence-free survival (IVRFS), and recurrence patterns were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After PSM, 309 matched pairs were analysed. Compared to RPUC, UUC was associated with significantly shorter NUTRFS (3-year rate: 68.9% vs. 77.6%, P = 0.048), OS (76.4% vs. 83.3%, P = 0.021), and CSS (80.0% vs. 88.1%, P = 0.009). No significant difference was observed in IVRFS (P = 0.90). Stage-specific analyses demonstrated that the adverse prognostic impact of UUC was primarily confined to patients with pT3/4 disease. Among node-negative pT3/4 patients, UUC was associated with significantly worse NUTRFS, OS, and CSS. Recurrence pattern analyses revealed higher rates of local recurrence and regional lymph node recurrence in pT3/4 UUC, whereas pulmonary metastasis was more frequent in RPUC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary tumor location was significantly associated with oncological outcomes in UTUC. The prognostic disadvantage of UUC is mainly observed in locally advanced disease and appears to be driven by an increased risk of locoregional recurrence. Tumor location may provide additional prognostic information for postoperative risk stratification and surveillance planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bayesian reanalysis of the THOR trial cohort 1 using reconstructed individual patient data: interval-specific effects and clinically interpretable estimands under non-proportional hazards.","authors":"Gaku Okumura, Soichiro Yoshida, Kohei Hirose, Shugo Yajima, Wei Chen, Hiroyuki Sato, Akihiro Hirakawa, Motohiro Fujiwara, Yuki Arita, Hiroshi Fukushima, Yosuke Yasuda, Hajime Tanaka, Hitoshi Masuda, Yasuhisa Fujii","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyag133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyag133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The phase 3 THOR trial (cohort 1) showed improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with erdafitinib versus chemotherapy in FGFR2/3-altered advanced urothelial carcinoma after prior programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) / programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor therapy. When the assumption of proportional hazards (PH) is violated, a single hazard ratio (HR) may be difficult to interpret.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We derived reconstructed individual patient data (rIPD) for OS and PFS from published Kaplan-Meier curves. PH was assessed using scaled Schoenfeld residuals and log-log plots. We fit Bayesian piecewise-exponential models with administrative censoring at τ = 24 months (OS; cut-point 12 months) and τ = 12 months (PFS; cut-point 6 months). We reported interval-specific HRs, landmark survival differences (ΔOS, ΔPFS), number needed to treat (NNT), restricted-mean survival time (RMST), and posterior probabilities for clinically meaningful thresholds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical diagnostics indicated that the PH assumption was violated for both OS and PFS. For OS, HR was 0.59 (95% credible interval 0.41-0.84) in months 0-12 and 1.06 (0.48-2.48) in months 12-24. At 12 months, ΔOS(12) = 0.18 (0.06-0.30); conditional median NNT was 5.45. ΔRMST (0-24) = 3.02 months (0.74-5.23), with P(ΔRMST >0) = 99.5%. For PFS, the HR was 0.64 (0.45-0.89) in months 0-6 and 0.49 (0.25-1.00) in months 6-12; ΔPFS (6) = 0.16 (0.04-0.28) and ΔRMST (0-12) = 1.74 months (0.69-2.76).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This Bayesian rIPD-based reanalysis provides PH-robust estimands, indicating early OS benefit with uncertain later effects, and favorable PFS over 0-12 months with erdafitinib.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}