ISRN Neurology最新文献_第9页

Deficits in scaling of gait force and cycle in parkinsonian gait identified by long-term monitoring of acceleration with the portable gait rhythmogram. 通过便携式步态节律仪长期监测加速度来确定帕金森步态中步态力和周期的缺陷。

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-10-16 DOI: 10.5402/2012/306816

Hiroo Terashi, Hiroya Utsumi, Yohei Ishimura, Tomoko Takazawa, Yasuyuki Okuma, Mitsuru Yoneyama, Hiroshi Mitoma

引用次数: 15

Complications of intrathecal baclofen pump: prevention and cure. 鞘内巴氯芬泵并发症的预防与治疗。

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/575168

Yasser Awaad, Tamer Rizk, Iram Siddiqui, Norbert Roosen, Kelly McIntosh, G Michael Waines

{"title":"Complications of intrathecal baclofen pump: prevention and cure.","authors":"Yasser Awaad, Tamer Rizk, Iram Siddiqui, Norbert Roosen, Kelly McIntosh, G Michael Waines","doi":"10.5402/2012/575168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/575168","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly, spasticity is managed with surgically implanted Intrathecal Baclofen pumps. Intrathecal Baclofen pump revision surgery unrelated to programmable pump end-of-life is not uncommon, requiring special attention during pre-, intra-, and postoperative management. We aimed to identify and describe complications of Intrathecal Baclofen pump as well as to report avoidance and management of complications. Methods and Materials. Through 2002-2006, at the department of neurosurgery, Henry Ford and Oakwood Health Systems, Intrathecal Baclofen pumps were implanted in 44 patients: 24 children versus 20 adults; 30 \"primary-implant-patients\"; 14 \"revision-only patients\". We evaluated reasons for revision surgeries and diagnostic workup requirements. Results. Eight primary-implant-patients required 14 revisions and 7 of revision-only patients needed 13 procedures. Seven patients with slowly increasing baclofen-resistant spasticity had either (i) unsuspected pump-catheter connector defects, (ii) an X-ray-documented pump-catheter connector defect, (iii) X-ray-demonstrated fractured catheter with intrathecal fragment. Implant infections occurred in 4 cases. Scintigraphy revealed occult CSF leakage N=1 and intrinsic pump failure N=1. Conclusion. Intrathecal Baclofen pumps, although very gratifying, have a high, technique-related complication incidence during implant life. Meticulous technique, high clinical suspicion, appropriate workup, and timely surgical management can reduce surgical complications of Intrathecal Baclofen pump implantation.","PeriodicalId":14626,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Neurology","volume":"2012 ","pages":"575168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2012/575168","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9374955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 68

Polarization and myelination in myelinating glia. 髓鞘胶质的极化和髓鞘形成。

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/769412

Toshihiro Masaki

{"title":"Polarization and myelination in myelinating glia.","authors":"Toshihiro Masaki","doi":"10.5402/2012/769412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/769412","url":null,"abstract":"Myelinating glia, oligodendrocytes in central nervous system and Schwann cells in peripheral nervous system, form myelin sheath, a multilayered membrane system around axons enabling salutatory nerve impulse conduction and maintaining axonal integrity. Myelin sheath is a polarized structure localized in the axonal side and therefore is supposed to be formed based on the preceding polarization of myelinating glia. Thus, myelination process is closely associated with polarization of myelinating glia. However, cell polarization has been less extensively studied in myelinating glia than other cell types such as epithelial cells. The ultimate goal of this paper is to provide insights for the field of myelination research by applying the information obtained in polarity study in other cell types, especially epithelial cells, to cell polarization of myelinating glia. Thus, in this paper, the main aspects of cell polarization study in general are summarized. Then, they will be compared with polarization in oligodendrocytes. Finally, the achievements obtained in polarization study for epithelial cells, oligodendrocytes, and other types of cells will be translated into polarization/myelination process by Schwann cells. Then, based on this model, the perspectives in the study of Schwann cell polarization/myelination will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":14626,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Neurology","volume":"2012 ","pages":"769412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2012/769412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9381449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

UBR5 Gene Mutation Is Associated with Familial Adult Myoclonic Epilepsy in a Japanese Family. UBR5基因突变与日本家族性成人肌阵挛性癫痫相关

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-09-17 DOI: 10.5402/2012/508308

Takeo Kato, Gen Tamiya, Shingo Koyama, Tomohiro Nakamura, Satoshi Makino, Shigeki Arawaka, Toru Kawanami, Ikuo Tooyama

引用次数: 25

Anorectal dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. 多发性硬化症的肛肠功能障碍:一项系统综述。

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/376023

Sanober Nusrat, Elsie Gulick, David Levinthal, Klaus Bielefeldt

{"title":"Anorectal dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.","authors":"Sanober Nusrat, Elsie Gulick, David Levinthal, Klaus Bielefeldt","doi":"10.5402/2012/376023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/376023","url":null,"abstract":"Constipation and fecal incontinence are common in patients with neuromuscular diseases. Despite their high prevalence and potential impact on overall quality of life, few studies have addressed anorectal dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The goal of this paper is to define the prevalence, pathophysiology, impact, and potential treatment of constipation and incontinence in MS patients. Methods. The PubMed database was searched for English language publications between January 1973 and December 2011. Articles were reviewed to assess the definition of the study population, duration, type and severity of MS, sex distribution, prevalence, impact, results of physiologic testing, and treatments. Results. The reported prevalence of constipation and fecal incontinence ranged around 40%. Anorectal dysfunction significantly affected patients with nearly 1 in 6 patients limiting social activities or even quitting work due to symptoms. Caregivers listed toileting as a common and significant burden. The only randomized controlled trial showed a marginal improvement of constipation with abdominal massage. All other reports lacked control interventions and only demonstrated improvement in individuals with milder symptoms. Conclusion. Anorectal dysfunction is a common manifestation in MS that significantly affects quality of life. Therapies are at best moderately effective and often cumbersome, highlighting the need for simple and more helpful interventions.","PeriodicalId":14626,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Neurology","volume":"2012 ","pages":"376023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2012/376023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9368107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Interplaying factors that effect multiple sclerosis causation and sustenance. 影响多发性硬化症病因和维持的相互作用因素。

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/851541

Emanuel Calenoff

{"title":"Interplaying factors that effect multiple sclerosis causation and sustenance.","authors":"Emanuel Calenoff","doi":"10.5402/2012/851541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/851541","url":null,"abstract":"The author hypothesized that multiple sclerosis (MS) is a humoral autoimmune disease, caused by faulty interplay between myelin-specific, dimeric IgE, specifically competing non-IgE antibodies and IgE-triggered degranulating mast cells. The principal fault was believed to be insufficient quantity of protective, specific non-IgE antibodies. Also conjectured was the possibility of an unexpected and adverse immune suppression caused by none-MS pharmaceuticals being consumed by patients for their MS or for other conditions. To test both hypotheses, a mimotopic, peptide antigen-based, serum immunoassay was developed to measure dimer-bound IgE excess among MS patients, wherein the IgE specifically complexes with two or more myelin surface epitopes at an interval of 40-100 Angstroms, a separation critical for mast cell degranulation and cell damaging effect. MS test sensitivity and specificity, when analyzing five previously untreated patients for dimeric IgE presence, was 100%. In direct comparison, twenty age- and gender-matched female and male control subjects were test negative. Analysis of 35 multiple sclerosis patients, who were concomitantly being treated with potentially immunosuppressive pharmaceuticals, appeared to show the substances' negative effect upon MS causation, progression, or specific immunoassay performance. Therefore, MS is likely an autoimmune disease caused by IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation possibly in conjunction with immunosuppressive agents.","PeriodicalId":14626,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Neurology","volume":"2012 ","pages":"851541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2012/851541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9728870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Effect of chronic L-dopa or melatonin treatments after dopamine deafferentation in rats: dyskinesia, motor performance, and cytological analysis. 慢性左旋多巴或褪黑素治疗对大鼠多巴胺传入障碍的影响:运动障碍、运动表现和细胞学分析。

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/360379

Ana Luisa Gutierrez-Valdez, Verónica Anaya-Martínez, José Luis Ordoñez-Librado, Ricardo García-Ruiz, Carmen Torres-Esquivel, Montserrat Moreno-Rivera, Javier Sánchez-Betancourt, Enrique Montiel-Flores, Maria Rosa Avila-Costa

{"title":"Effect of chronic L-dopa or melatonin treatments after dopamine deafferentation in rats: dyskinesia, motor performance, and cytological analysis.","authors":"Ana Luisa Gutierrez-Valdez, Verónica Anaya-Martínez, José Luis Ordoñez-Librado, Ricardo García-Ruiz, Carmen Torres-Esquivel, Montserrat Moreno-Rivera, Javier Sánchez-Betancourt, Enrique Montiel-Flores, Maria Rosa Avila-Costa","doi":"10.5402/2012/360379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/360379","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examines the ability of melatonin to protect striatal dopaminergic loss induced by 6-OHDA in a rat model of Parkinson's disease, comparing the results with L-DOPA-treated rats. The drugs were administered orally daily for a month, their therapeutic or dyskinetic effects were assessed by means of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) and stepping ability. At the cellular level, the response was evaluated using tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity and striatal ultrastructural changes to compare between L-DOPA-induced AIMs and Melatonin-treated rats. Our findings demonstrated that chronic oral administration of Melatonin improved the alterations caused by the neurotoxin 6-OHDA. Melatonin-treated animals perform better in the motor tasks and had no dyskinetic alterations compared to L-DOPA-treated group. At the cellular level, we found that Melatonin-treated rats showed more TH-positive neurons and their striatal ultrastructure was well preserved. Thus, Melatonin is a useful treatment to delay the cellular and behavioral alterations observed in Parkinson's disease.","PeriodicalId":14626,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Neurology","volume":"2012 ","pages":"360379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2012/360379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9728867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Polyetheretherketone cages alone with allograft for three-level anterior cervical fusion. 聚醚醚酮笼联合同种异体移植用于颈椎前路三节段融合。

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/452703

Hong Liu, Avraam Ploumis, Chunde Li, Xiaodong Yi, Hong Li

{"title":"Polyetheretherketone cages alone with allograft for three-level anterior cervical fusion.","authors":"Hong Liu, Avraam Ploumis, Chunde Li, Xiaodong Yi, Hong Li","doi":"10.5402/2012/452703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/452703","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 25 consecutive patients suffering from degenerative cervical disc disease who underwent three-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) including polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages packed with allograft were followed up for at least two years. The fusion rate reached 72% (18/25), and asymptomatic pseudarthrosis was seen in 6 patients but without mobility on flexion-extension radiographs, and revision surgery was not needed. Cage subsidence occurred at one level (C67), but it was not progressive, and reoperation was not necessary. A significant increase (P < 0.001) in fused segment angle (FSA) and fused segment height (FSH) was observed postoperatively. Similarly, a significant clinical improvement (P < 0.001) was demonstrated postoperatively in terms of Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score and visual analog scales (VASs) score. PEEK cages alone with allograft proved to be a safe and effective surgical option in the treatment of three-level degenerative cervical disc disease. Although the fusion rate was not high, this technique may offer improvement of symptomatology and maintenance of cervical spine's sagittal profile.","PeriodicalId":14626,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Neurology","volume":"2012 ","pages":"452703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2012/452703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9743764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Switching and escalating therapy in long-lasting multiple sclerosis: not always necessary. 长期多发性硬化症的转换和升级治疗:并不总是必要的。

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/451457

Ana Teresa Carvalho, Maria José Sá

引用次数: 2

Young stroke mortality in fiji islands: an economic analysis of national human capital resource loss. 斐济群岛青年中风死亡率:国家人力资本资源损失的经济分析。

ISRN Neurology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/802785

Jagdish C Maharaj, Mahendra Reddy

{"title":"Young stroke mortality in fiji islands: an economic analysis of national human capital resource loss.","authors":"Jagdish C Maharaj, Mahendra Reddy","doi":"10.5402/2012/802785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/802785","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The objective of this study was to perform an economic analysis in terms of annual national human capital resource loss from young stroke mortality in Fiji. The official retirement age is 55 years in Fiji. Method. Stroke mortality data, for working-age group 15-55 years, obtained from the Ministry of Health and per capita national income figure for the same year was utilised to calculate the total output loss for the economy. The formula of output loss from the economy was used. Results. There were 273 stroke deaths of which 53.8% were of working-age group. The annual national human capital loss from stroke mortality for Fiji for the year was calculated to be F$8.85 million (US$5.31 million). The highest percentage loss from stroke mortality was from persons in their forties; that is, they still had more then 10 years to retirement. Discussion. This loss equates to one percent of national government revenue and 9.7% of Ministry of Health budget for the same year. The annual national human capital loss from stroke mortality is an important dimension in the overall economic equation of total economic burden of stroke. Conclusion. This study demonstrates a high economic burden for Fiji from stroke mortality of young adults in terms of annual national human capital loss.","PeriodicalId":14626,"journal":{"name":"ISRN Neurology","volume":"2012 ","pages":"802785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2012/802785","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9368084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10