Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology最新文献

Insight into Covid Associated Mucormycosis: A Prospective Study. 洞察Covid相关毛霉病：一项前瞻性研究

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.78990.3662

Avinash-Shekhar Jaiswal, Aanchal Kakkar, Kavneet Kaur, Alok Thakar, Kapil Sikka, Hitesh Verma

{"title":"Insight into Covid Associated Mucormycosis: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Avinash-Shekhar Jaiswal, Aanchal Kakkar, Kavneet Kaur, Alok Thakar, Kapil Sikka, Hitesh Verma","doi":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.78990.3662","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.78990.3662","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The notable increase in cases of rhino-orbito-cerebral Mucormycosis during the COVID pandemic is alarming. Both share a common route of entry, the nasal mucosa, leading to speculation about whether similar receptors play a role in both diseases. We aim to compare the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the nasal and paranasal sinus tissues among patients with COVID-19-associated Mucormycosis (CAM), COVID-19-negative mucormycosis (CNM), and healthy individuals.Materials and methods: This prospective study included patients with CAM, CNM, and healthy individuals who underwent surgical management. Immunohistochemistry was performed in the sino-nasal tissue to detect the presence of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptors. The level was compared among the three groups.Results: The study encompassed 44 patients with CAN, 20 with CNM, and ten healthy individuals. ACE2 positivity was seen only in the apical cilia, with no significant difference among the groups (p=0.6). In contrast, TMPRSS2 positivity was seen in the cytoplasm and nucleus of epithelium and submucosal glands in addition to apical cilia. TMPRSS2 was increasingly expressed in patients with CAM compared to CNM (p=0.009) and the healthy group (p=0.002).Conclusion: The expression of TMPRSS2 receptors is elevated in patients with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis with no significant change in the expression of ACE2 receptors. This finding could account for the heightened susceptibility to infection by SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent immune dysregulation, providing a fertile ground for Mucorales co-infection.","PeriodicalId":14607,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"37 1","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Management of Thyroid Nodules in Children: A single-center experience. 儿童甲状腺结节的治疗：单中心经验。

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.78964.3659

Malika El Omri, Oumaima Gabsi, Mouna Bellakhdher, Monia Ghammem, Wassim Kermani, Mohamed Abdelkefi

{"title":"Management of Thyroid Nodules in Children: A single-center experience.","authors":"Malika El Omri, Oumaima Gabsi, Mouna Bellakhdher, Monia Ghammem, Wassim Kermani, Mohamed Abdelkefi","doi":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.78964.3659","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.78964.3659","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Thyroid nodules are a common diagnosis in adults. However, in children, they are rare, occurring in only 1-5% of cases. Early diagnosis and prompt management are crucial due to the higher likelihood of malignancy. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of thyroid nodules in children and plan their therapeutic management.Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 29 children who underwent surgery for thyroid nodules at our ENT department between 2000 and 2022.Results: The average age of the patients was 14.4 years, with a clear predominance of females (sex ratio of 0.16). The primary complaint was the appearance of an anterior cervical swelling in 82.7% of cases. The surgical procedures performed on the thyroid gland included isthmectomy in one patient, lobectomy in 16 patients, and total thyroidectomy in 12 patients. Total thyroidectomy was performed in one step in 10 cases and in two steps in 2 cases where papillary carcinoma was found in the final histological examination of the lobectomy parts. Papillary carcinoma was confirmed in four cases (13.8%) after definitive histological examination. All patients had favourable outcomes. The mean follow-up was 31 months for benign cases and 15 months after the last course of radioactive iodine therapy for malignant cases.Conclusion: Thyroid nodules are uncommon in children. To evaluate the risk of malignancy in children with thyroid nodules, ultrasound and cytology should be performed. This will help determine the appropriate surgical management.","PeriodicalId":14607,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"37 2","pages":"65-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Following Electric Shock: A Case Report with Literature Review. 触电后突发性感音神经性听力损失1例报告并文献复习。

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.77019.3579

Arshit Kataria

引用次数: 0

Risk Factors for Post Laryngectomy Pharyngocutaneous Fistula and Impact of Pharyngeal Suture Type on Fistula Characteristics. 喉切除术后咽皮瘘的危险因素及咽缝合方式对瘘特征的影响。

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.83054.3798

Javier Gómez-Hervás, Eduardo J Correa, Diego M Conti, Georgia Liva, Esteban Merino-Galvez

{"title":"Risk Factors for Post Laryngectomy Pharyngocutaneous Fistula and Impact of Pharyngeal Suture Type on Fistula Characteristics.","authors":"Javier Gómez-Hervás, Eduardo J Correa, Diego M Conti, Georgia Liva, Esteban Merino-Galvez","doi":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.83054.3798","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.83054.3798","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is the most common complication following total laryngectomy (TL). The factors contributing to its occurrence are still a matter of debate. The impact of suture type has been relatively underexplored. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with PCF and understand how the type of suture influences PCF characteristics.Materials and methods: An observational study encompassing all TL procedures was performed between 2005 and 2022 at a secondary care hospital. Sociodemographic and clinical variables widely studied in the literature to identify PCF risk factors were considered. Additionally, the characteristics of fistulas were examined to assess the influence of the suture type.Results: Seventy TL cases were included. The incidence of PCF was 56.0%. Identified risk factors for PCF included pharyngeal closure type (p=0.001) (RR=13.09), nutritional support type (p=0.001) (RR=13.54), the need for reintervention due to postoperative bleeding (p=0.001) (RR=1.13), and the need for blood transfusion after surgery (p=0.015) (RR=1.20). Regarding the suture type, Modified Connell Suture (MCS) was associated with a later onset of fistula (p=0.014), shorter hospital stay (p=0.001), and early initiation of oral feeding (p=0.009).Conclusion: PCF occurrence is associated with nasogastric tube use, Lambert closure, postoperative bleeding, and reintervention for bleeding after TL. Moreover, MCS sutures are linked to a shorter hospital stays and early initiation of oral feeding.","PeriodicalId":14607,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"37 1","pages":"11-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The long-term Effects of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Auditory Thresholds: A Case-Control Study. 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对听觉阈值的长期影响：一项病例对照研究

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.80236.3698

Sadegh Jafarzadeh, Saeid Eslami

{"title":"The long-term Effects of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Auditory Thresholds: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Sadegh Jafarzadeh, Saeid Eslami","doi":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.80236.3698","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.80236.3698","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The available evidence about hearing loss in Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients mostly show sensorineural hearing loss, and the long-term effects of COVID-19 on auditory thresholds are unknown. This study aimed to compare the auditory threshold results in COVID-19 patients (several months after infection) with a control group.Materials and methods: The clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed with positive polymerase chain reaction findings and radiology images. Hearing evaluation was performed with an audiometry test and a calibrated audiometer in a sound-treated room. The results of 177 patients were compared with those of the 589 matched control group. In both groups, subjects over 50 years old or with any history of ear disease were excluded from the study.Results: The time interval between infection with COVID-19 and hearing tests was 170.51±98.38 days. There was no significant difference between the auditory thresholds in different frequencies in both groups. Also, no significant difference was observed between the auditory thresholds of the two groups in the first, second, and third trimesters after being infected.Conclusion: This study did not show the long-term effects of COVID-19 on auditory thresholds, and the findings do not support hearing loss as a long-term COVID symptom.","PeriodicalId":14607,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"37 2","pages":"85-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Classical vs. New Mini-Window Medialization Laryngoplasty Method in Glottic Insufficiency. 经典与新型小窗中间化喉成形术治疗声门不全。

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2025.78056.3622

Aslan Ahmadi, Nadia Goudarzi, Mohammad Mahdi Salem, Mojtaba Maleki Delarestaghi, Fatemeh Jahanshahi

{"title":"Classical vs. New Mini-Window Medialization Laryngoplasty Method in Glottic Insufficiency.","authors":"Aslan Ahmadi, Nadia Goudarzi, Mohammad Mahdi Salem, Mojtaba Maleki Delarestaghi, Fatemeh Jahanshahi","doi":"10.22038/ijorl.2025.78056.3622","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijorl.2025.78056.3622","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: True vocal cord failure (glottis) refers to the inability or failure of the larynx structure and vocal cords to produce sound. One of the optimal techniques for repairing this lesion is medialization laryngoplasty, which restores sound strength, continuity, and quality. Another technique is to create a Mini window in the periphery of false vocal cords. This study compared the effectiveness of medialization laryngoplasty with Gore-tex in two classic medialization laryngoplasty techniques and the Mini window method in the periphery of false vocal cords.Materials and methods: A total of 30 participants who had unilateral vocal cord paralysis due to various causes, such as surgery, metastasis, and intubation, were studied. After obtaining informed consent from patients, 15 participants were assigned to each group (classic or mini-window medialization laryngoplasty). Voice parameters, such as pitch, jitter, shimmer, and hoarseness, were evaluated before and after surgery. The duration of the surgery was also compared.Results: The Mini-Window method significantly improved sound quality, resulting in lower voice shimmer and shorter surgery duration.Conclusion: While both methods are effective, the Mini-Window technique offers a more efficient surgery with reduced voice shimmer.","PeriodicalId":14607,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"37 2","pages":"73-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Tinnitus Severity and Sleep Quality in Patients with Presbycusis. 辅酶Q10对老年性耳鸣患者耳鸣严重程度及睡眠质量的影响。

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.79602.3681

Rohollah Abbasi, Faranak Emami, Saeid Atighechi, Zahra Sadeghi

{"title":"The Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Tinnitus Severity and Sleep Quality in Patients with Presbycusis.","authors":"Rohollah Abbasi, Faranak Emami, Saeid Atighechi, Zahra Sadeghi","doi":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.79602.3681","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.79602.3681","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tinnitus is one of the symptoms of presbycusis that affects patients' sleep and social life. This study aimed to determine the effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on treating tinnitus due to presbycusis.Materials and methods: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 50 patients with tinnitus due to presbycusis were randomly divided into groups A and B, with 25 patients in each group. In addition to routine treatments, group A received 100 mg of CoQ10 daily, while group B received a placebo. Both groups were evaluated for tinnitus severity, loudness of tinnitus, quality of life, and sleep disturbance before and 6 weeks after starting the treatment.Results: In the intervention and control groups, the mean changes in score compared to before the treatment were as follows: quality of life (3.1 ± 1.67) and (1.28 ± 0.76) (P = 0.298), sleep disorder (-7.60 ± 1.38) and (-1.0 ± 8.55) (P<0.001), tinnitus disability (-17.2 ± 52.93) and (-4.56 ± 1.37) (P<0.001), tinnitus loudness of right ear (-1.68 ± 0.41) and (-0.95 ± 0.23) (P=0.11) and left ear (-2.2 ± 0.35) and (-0.54 ± 0.21) (P<0.001).Conclusion: This study indicated that adding CoQ10 to the routine regimen for patients with tinnitus due to presbycusis significantly decreases tinnitus disability, improves sleep disturbance, and reduces tinnitus loudness. However, more studies should be conducted in this regard.","PeriodicalId":14607,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"37 1","pages":"33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Otoscleroma of the Middle Ear and Mastoid Cavity with Facial Palsy: A Case Report. 面瘫并发中耳及乳突腔耳硬化瘤1例。

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.79380.3675

Ahmed Galal, Ahmed Abdelbaki, Hanan Tayel, Hesham Mustafa Abdel-Fattah

{"title":"Otoscleroma of the Middle Ear and Mastoid Cavity with Facial Palsy: A Case Report.","authors":"Ahmed Galal, Ahmed Abdelbaki, Hanan Tayel, Hesham Mustafa Abdel-Fattah","doi":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.79380.3675","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.79380.3675","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Scleroma is a chronic, specific granulomatous disease that affects the head and neck mucosa. Its common sites are the nose and larynx; however, it might affect other areas. One of the rare sites to be affected is the middle ear and mastoid cavity, for which the term otoscleroma was coined. We present such a rare case in this report.Case report: A 47-year-old patient with a history of both old laryngoscleroma and recent Rhinoscleroma. He presented with symptoms of ear discharge and facial palsy. Examination revealed complete facial nerve palsy and an external auditory canal polyp. A decision was made to perform subtotal petrosectomy with facial nerve decompression and maximum debulking to be sent for histopathology. The result came typical of otoscleroma.Conclusion: Otoscleroma is a fairly rare occurrence. It might be primary, with no evidence of Scleroma in other sites or following rhino and/or laryngoscleroma. It might be unilateral or bilateral. It might mimic the clinical picture of chronic suppurative otitis media and its complications. Tympano-mastoidectomy is recommended to stop the discharge, obtain a proper biopsy and decompress the facial nerve if needed. Otoscleroma should be suspected in the case of previous Scleroma in other sites, and otitis media or complications like manifestations.","PeriodicalId":14607,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"37 1","pages":"51-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fenestration and Bifurcation of the Internal Jugular Vein; Surprises During Head and Neck Surgery. 颈内静脉的开窗与分岔；头颈部手术中的意外。

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2025.83514.3810

Vibha Singh, Arijit Jotdar, Annanya Soni, Rudra Prakash, Kushal Singh

{"title":"Fenestration and Bifurcation of the Internal Jugular Vein; Surprises During Head and Neck Surgery.","authors":"Vibha Singh, Arijit Jotdar, Annanya Soni, Rudra Prakash, Kushal Singh","doi":"10.22038/ijorl.2025.83514.3810","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijorl.2025.83514.3810","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The internal jugular vein (IJV) is one of the major vessels in the neck and serves as an important landmark for surgeons during head and neck surgery. Anomalies of the IJV are rare and seldom encountered by the surgeons. However, a comprehensive knowledge of these variations is essential for better surgical dissection and to prevent intra-operative mishaps. The variations can be in the forms of bifurcation, trifurcation, duplication, fenestration and posterior tributaries of the IJV. Here we describe three cases of bifurcation and fenestration of the IJV that we encountered in our surgical practice.Case report: In the first patient, we found an empty fenestration of the right internal jugular vein during a selective neck dissection for tongue carcinoma. The spinal accessory nerve was passing lateral to the IJV above the level of the fenestration. The second patient was operated for a left vagal schwannoma in the neck. During the surgery, we found a bifurcation of the left IJV, and the two tributaries fused just above the left omohyoid muscle. The third patient, a sixty-year-old lady also had a bifurcation of the left IJV. It was found during a modified radical neck dissection for carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the left parotid gland.Conclusion: An in-depth knowledge of the anomalies of the internal jugular vein and meticulous evaluation of the pre-operative imaging may help the surgeons in preventing any intra-operative catastrophe during head and neck surgery.","PeriodicalId":14607,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"37 2","pages":"99-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Internal Jugular Vein Duplication: A series of Seven Cases and Review of Literature. 颈内静脉重复：附7例及文献复习。

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.82759.3789

Indu Shukla, Ashish Agarwal, Rimsha Changanath Kader

{"title":"Internal Jugular Vein Duplication: A series of Seven Cases and Review of Literature.","authors":"Indu Shukla, Ashish Agarwal, Rimsha Changanath Kader","doi":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.82759.3789","DOIUrl":"10.22038/ijorl.2024.82759.3789","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) is an important landmark for Head and Neck surgeons during oncological clearance of disease from neck and microvascular reconstruction as well as for the intensivist during central line insertion. Detailed knowledge of the IJV anatomy and its variations is important to avert any catastrophic complications during surgery.Materials and methods: Data of 350 patients was recorded prospectively and analysed over a period of two years and presence of IJV duplication was documented as percentages.Results: A total of 350 patients with diagnosed oral cavity carcinoma were included who underwent neck dissection out of which seven patients were identified with Internal Jugular Vein duplication making it an institutional clinical prevalence of around 2%.Conclusion: IJV duplication is inadvertently found intra operatively on maximum number of occasions therefore to avoid the risk of iatrogenic injury and undesired complications, preoperative imaging should be carefully assessed while planning the patient for surgery.","PeriodicalId":14607,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"37 2","pages":"91-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0