Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies最新文献

{"title":"The effects of chemical preservation on bulk isotope ratios in Atlantic bluefin tuna and Atlantic bonito muscle tissue.","authors":"Alanna Mnich, Raúl Laiz-Carrión, José María Quintanilla, Ricardo Borrego-Santos, Ignacio Baro, Steven X Cadrin, Mark Altabet","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2508818","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2508818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological samples collected during oceanographic research are often chemically preserved to maintain tissue integrity prior to analysis. However, chemical preservation can produce changes in isotopic signatures and elemental compositions of the preserved samples. These changes typically adhere to predictable ranges, but effects vary by species. The impacts of two commonly used chemical preservatives, formalin and ethanol, were tested on tissue samples from Atlantic bluefin tuna (<i>Thunnus thynnus</i>) and Atlantic bonito (<i>Sarda sarda</i>). Tissue samples underwent bulk isotope signature and elemental analysis for <i>δ</i>¹⁵N, <i>δ</i>¹³C, %N, %C, and C:N before chemical preservation and again after 1, 3, and 12 months. Significant increase in <i>δ</i>¹⁵N occurred after preservation in both formalin and ethanol (12-month preservation: +0.95 ‰ ± 0.2 formalin, +0.83 ‰ ± 0.3 ethanol <i>T. thynnus</i>; +0.9 ‰ ± 0.2 formalin,+0.86 ‰ ± 0.2 ethanol <i>S. sarda</i>). In most cases, a significant decrease in <i>δ</i>¹³C after preservation was observed, but the effect from formalin was most extreme (12-month preservation: -2.93 ‰ ± 0.2 formalin, -0.34 ‰ ± 0.4 ethanol <i>T. thynnus</i>; -2.86 ‰ ±0.2 formalin,-0.33 ‰ ±0.1 ethanol <i>S. sarda</i>). Changes to tissue C:N ratio were significant after preservation in formalin (+0.18 ± 0.1 <i>T. thynnus</i>; + 0.27 ± 0.1 <i>S. sarda</i>), but not after preservation in ethanol. Similarities in changes of each parameter were observed between both Scombrid species. The observed changes in <i>δ</i>¹⁵N (∼1 ‰) were minor relative to expected differences between trophic levels (3-5 ‰). However, decrease in <i>δ</i>¹³C by formalin (∼3 ‰) may result in misinterpretation of primary producer communities if corrections for preservation effect are not done. Changes in elemental composition (%N, %C, and C:N) were more variable. The mechanisms by which chemical preservatives interact with tissue carbon and nitrogen require further study to explain the relative changes in elemental composition over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive modelling of radon variations in time series using wavelets, multiple linear regression and ARIMA.","authors":"Nadeem Bashir, Awais Rasheed, Muhammad Osama, Adil Aslam Mir, Muhammad Rafique, Saeed Ur Rahman, Dimitrios Nikolopoulos, Muhammad Abdul Basit, Aftab Alam, Aleem Dad Khan Tareen, Kimberlee Jane Kearfott","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2536589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2025.2536589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radon (²²²Rn), a naturally occurring radioactive gas, is the byproduct of the uranium decay series. As a naturally radioactive gas, radon is frequently used as a geophysical tracer to find underground faults and geological formations, in uranium surveys, and to forecast seismic events. Abnormalities in radon time-series (RTS) data have been studied before seismic events, indicating that it may act as an earthquake precursor. This paper examined complex RTS with various climatological factors, <i>viz.</i> temperature, pressure and humidity, to extract relevant meaningful physical information by employing various simulation techniques. By employing wavelet-based regression (WBR) on RTS data, radon exhibits linear behaviour with temperature, but non-linear behaviour is observed with pressure and humidity. The anomalies in RTS were found before the seismic events. Multiple linear regression (MLR) also shows the positive relationship of radon with pressure and humidity. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is utilized to analyse patterns, trends and stationarity in RTS data and predict it over a specified period. The method focuses on selecting the optimal model for predicting radon concentration over an uncertain period. This is done by identifying the one model with the lowest Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) values. The experimental results indicate that the ARIMA model outperforms others in predicting radon concentrations over an extended period. This research work not only contributes to the domain of earthquake precursors but also aligns with United Nations SDG 3 by understanding environmental health factors. Moreover, SDG 9 applies advanced technologies for infrastructure safety, and SDG 13 enhances disaster risk reduction and seismic resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanisation is associated with changes in stable isotopes across multiple trophic levels.","authors":"Ana B Navarro, Rona A R McGill, Jason Newton, Claire J Branston, Pablo Capilla-Lasheras, Luís F Silveira, Davide M Dominoni","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2546139","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2546139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increase in urbanisation imposes important threats to biodiversity through habitat destruction, reduced availability of preferred food resources and higher pollution. To support future urban planning, it is necessary to gather more knowledge on how the ecology of organisms from different trophic levels varies across the urbanisation gradient. In our study, we employed carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis to investigate the relationship between increasing urbanisation and <i>δ</i>¹³C and <i>δ</i>¹⁵N values across a tri-trophic system of trees (birch and oak), invertebrates (aphids, other Hemiptera, and caterpillars) and a model avian species for urban ecology (the blue tit <i>Cyanistes caeruleus</i>). For the blue tits, we measured the isotopic niche to assess how urbanisation affect niche width at different life stages (adults and nestlings). We observed higher <i>δ</i>¹⁵N values in all taxa in urban areas and <i>δ</i>¹³C values were also higher in urban trees and blue tit nestlings. Exposure to increased air pollution in urban areas, mainly derived from anthropogenic NO_x gas emissions, is one of the main causes of the increase in <i>δ</i>¹⁵N in urban organisms. Furthermore, in urban areas covered by impervious surfaces there is greater water scarcity in the soils, leading to physiological responses in plants that increase the <i>δ</i>¹³C in leaves. We observed that the isotopic niche of urban blue tits is 4.5-18 times smaller in adults and nestlings, respectively, than that observed for forest individuals. Forest blue tits exhibit broader niches, likely reflecting a greater availability and diversity of optimal resources in less disturbed habitats. Conversely, urban blue tits exhibited narrower isotopic niches, suggesting an impact associated with lower diversity and abundance of profitable prey in urbanised habitats. Our study highlights that urbanisation can affect organismal physiology across different trophic levels in similar fashion.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater recharge mechanisms in the lower Tri An hydropower reservoir region, Dong Nai Province, Vietnam, as studied using isotopic technique.","authors":"Minh Cong Dang, Tri Quang Bui, Duc Anh Trinh, Nhan Duc Dang, Tien Thuy Nguyen","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2515945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2025.2515945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, climate change-induced drought has increasingly led to water shortages for domestic and industrial use in Dong Nai Province, Vietnam. Within this province, the Tri An hydropower reservoir plays a crucial role in the sustainability of regional water resources. This study aims to assess groundwater recharge mechanisms in the lower Tri An hydropower reservoir (LTAHR) region using isotopic technique based on the water stable isotope ratios (δD and δ¹⁸O) in groundwater, surface water and local precipitation. The results obtained indicate that the stable isotope values of precipitation in the region exhibit significant seasonal variations, whereas that values of surface water in the reservoir maintains more stability. On the other hand, stable isotopic compositions in groundwater are significantly influenced by monsoonal activity and temperature fluctuations. Applying the end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) method, the study revealed that surface water is the primary contributor to groundwater recharge, accounting for 60-85 %, while precipitation contributes 15-40 %, depending upon the season. Thus, the change of water storage level in the Tri An hydropower reservoir, along with the impacts of El Niño and climate variability, may disrupt seasonal water balance and significantly reduce annual groundwater recharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the quest of isotope equilibrium for trophic discrimination estimation: diet-tissue dynamics in Nile crocodiles (<i>Crocodylus niloticus</i>).","authors":"David X Soto, Frans G T Radloff, Alexander L Bond, Keith A Hobson, Alison J Leslie","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2535762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2025.2535762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stable isotopes of carbon (<i>δ</i>¹³C) and nitrogen (<i>δ</i>¹⁵N) are increasingly employed to study the foraging ecology of ectothermic predators like crocodilians. However, accurate and precise estimations of trophic discrimination factors between diet and crocodile tissues (<i>Δ</i>¹³C and <i>Δ</i>¹⁵N) from captive experiments under controlled conditions are necessary to reliably quantify the contribution of different prey items make to their diet. The issue of an isotopically constant diet which leads to isotope equilibrium is an important factor influencing accurate estimations of diet-tissue discrimination factors. We raised Nile crocodiles (<i>Crocodylus niloticus</i>) under controlled experimental conditions feeding them with two isotopically distinct (but constant) diets until tissues reached isotopic equilibrium. We sampled blood (plasma and red blood cells, RBC), scute keratin and collagen, and nail tissues throughout the experiment to estimate diet-tissue discrimination factors. Overall, our estimations of average diet-tissue discrimination factors for <i>δ</i>¹³C were +0.2 ‰ for plasma, +0.1 ‰ for RBC, +0.2 ‰ for keratin, +1.9 ‰ for collagen, and +1.2 ‰ for nail tissue, while for <i>δ</i>¹⁵N values were -0.6 ‰ for plasma, +1.5 ‰ for RBC, +1.5 ‰ for keratin, +2.3 ‰ for collagen, and +1.8 ‰ for nail tissue. Body size did not have a significant effect on these tissue estimates, but plasma <i>Δ</i>¹⁵N was influenced slightly. Understanding these differences in ectotherm isotope ecology is crucial for interpreting trophic relationships within food webs that include animals such as reptiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in whole blood as biomarkers of dietary patterns in a Brazilian population.","authors":"Diego Lacerda, Cristiane Dos Santos Vergilio, Inácio Abreu Pestana, Adriana Madeira Alvares da Silva, Julia de Assis Pinheiro, Flavia Vitorino Freitas, Wagner Miranda Barbosa, Marcelo Gomes de Almeida, Bráulio Cherene Vaz de Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo de Rezende","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2542216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2025.2542216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stable isotope analysis has become a valuable tool for reconstructing dietary patterns, but whole blood remains an underutilised matrix in these assessments. Therefore, this study investigates how δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values in whole blood vary according to the frequency of consumption of different meat types in a Brazilian population and examines their associations with physiological and metabolic markers, including body mass index (BMI), cholesterol levels, and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT). Blood samples were collected from 287 individuals across 19 communities in Espírito Santo, Brazil, and analyzed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition. Our findings indicate that higher beef, pork, and fish consumption was associated with enriched δ¹³C values, while both beef and fish consumption were associated with higher δ¹⁵N values. No significant isotopic differences were observed for chicken intake. δ¹³C values were positively associated with BMI and cholesterol levels in men but not in women, suggesting sex-specific metabolic influences on carbon isotopic fractionation. No significant associations were observed between δ¹⁵N and BMI or cholesterol levels, likely due to nitrogen turnover processes such as transamination and deamination. Additionally, a negative association between δ¹⁵N and GOT levels was identified, supporting the hypothesis that transamination may counteract nitrogen enrichment in blood, potentially limiting δ¹⁵N as a direct biomarker of protein intake. These results reinforce the applicability of stable isotope analysis for dietary assessment, demonstrating its potential to distinguish dietary patterns based on isotopic composition. They also highlight the influence of sex-specific metabolic processes on isotopic fractionation, underscoring the need for further research on nitrogen metabolism in dietary studies. This study provides novel insights into the role of stable isotopes in human nutrition and health research, contributing to the refinement of isotopic biomarkers for dietary and metabolic evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiometric study and associated radiological hazards in soil near the Bheramara 410 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant, Kushtia, Bangladesh.","authors":"M M Mahfuz Siraz, Rajikul Islam, Afroza Shelley, Araf Mahmud, Mohammad Shafiqul Alam, Md Bazlar Rashid, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Hamid Osman, Selina Yeasmin","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2543001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2025.2543001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This pioneering study assesses the radiological risk of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil around the Bheramara 410 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant (natural gas and high-speed diesel) in Kushtia, Bangladesh. Thirty soil samples were collected at radial distances of 50 m, 500 m, 1000 m, and 3000 m from the plant, these distances were strategically selected to represent immediate proximity (50 m), near-field (500 m), mid-range (1000 m), and far-field (3000 m) zones, enabling a gradient analysis of potential radiological impact. Using high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry, the activity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K were found to range from 20 ± 2 to 28 ± 3 Bq/kg, 25 ± 2 to 41 ± 4 Bq/kg, and 310 ± 21 to 440 ± 34 Bq/kg, respectively. While ²²⁶Ra concentrations were below the global average (30 Bq/kg), some measured values of ²³²Th exceeded the global average of 35 Bq/kg, and ⁴⁰K concentrations in certain samples were higher than the global average of 400 Bq/kg. No detectable ¹³⁷Cs was observed, confirming no artificial contamination. Radiological hazard indices such as radium equivalent activity (mean: 100.60 Bq/kg), outdoor absorbed dose rate (mean: 48.56 nGy/h), outdoor annual effective dose (mean: 0.06 mSv/year), external hazard index (mean: 0.27), gamma representative level index (mean: 0.74), and excess lifetime cancer risk (mean: 0.22 × 10^-3) were all within recommended safety limits. Various statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), were performed and these revealed that ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th were the main contributors to radiological risk, while ⁴⁰K showed weaker associations. The findings suggest that the soil is safe for agricultural and construction use, but routine monitoring is recommended to ensure environmental protection. This study provides essential baseline data and analytical insight into radiological risk management in power generation industrial regions of Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of natural radioactivity from soil samples of Al-Salam playground in Al-Najaf governorate of Iraq.","authors":"Ali Abid Abojassim, Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, Rukia Jabar Dosh, Tom Adejoh","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2501742","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2501742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans are daily exposed to natural background radiations. These are from terrestrial, extra-terrestrial, and anthropogenic radiation sources. Soil is one of the largest contributors to terrestrial radioactivity. The aim of this research was to assess the concentrations of the primordial radionuclides uranium (²³⁸U), thorium (²³²Th) and potassium (⁴⁰K) as well as radiological hazard parameters in soil samples selected from Al-Salam playground in Al-Najaf governorate of Iraq. Gamma ray spectroscopy and a CR-39 detector were used to evaluate both external exposure and internal exposures arising from radon concentrations, respectively. The average activity concentration (Bq kg^-1) for ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K were 17.48 ± 1.89, 8.59 ± 0.77, and 298.31 ± 18.40, respectively. Quantified radiological risk factors were 116.23 ± 5.76 µR h^-1 (exposure), 0.142 ± 0.007 (external hazard (H_ex), 25.71 ± 1.28 nGy h^-1 (absorbed dose rate (D_r), 0.031 ± 0.001 (annual effective dose outdoor (AED_outdoor), and 0.110 ± 0.005 (cancer risk (ELCR × 10^-3), respectively. It was concluded that all values of the activity concentration for natural radionuclides and radiological hazard parameters in study area were within safe limits based on standards set by UNSCEAR, ICRP, and OECD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"402-419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"⁷Be atmospheric concentration in Panama City: influence of climatic conditions and atmospheric recovery process.","authors":"Bernardo Fernández, Jimena Juri Ayub, Diego Valladares, Omayra Pérez, Nathalia Tejedor-Flores, Alexander Esquivel-López","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2492862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2025.2492862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The daily distribution of ⁷Be surface air concentration shows a right-skewed pattern, with a mean of 2.37 ± 1.47 mBq m^-3 (AM ± SD) and a geometric mean of 1.88 mBq m^-3 and a CV of 62 %. Principal componentanalysis (PCA) revealed positive correlations between ⁷Be surface air concentration with temperature and wind speed and negative with precipitation and month of the year. Rainfall significantly affects ⁷Be content and masks the impact of other variables on them. Precipitation under 1 mm reduces ⁷Be in air by 1.5 times, with increasing amounts having a greater effect. Rain duration and intensity impact remaining ⁷Be levels, with longer and lighter rains more effective at removal. When the influence of the rains is excluded, the ⁷Be surface air concentration correlates positively barometric pressure and negatively with sunspot numbers. Additionally, it is observed that relative humidity values above 60% significantly decrease ⁷Be in the air. A seasonal pattern in ⁷Be surface air concentration is evident, with peaks during dry and warm months. In March, the mean concentration is 3.4 times higher than in September. This pattern results from various factors showing seasonal behaviour. During dry months, increased temperature, barometric pressure, and wind speed contribute to higher ⁷Be content. In contrast, during rainy months, precipitation and high relative humidity act as key factors in reducing ⁷Be levels in surface air. And for this region, the horizontal influx of beryllium-rich air masses plays a larger role in the ⁷Be surface air concentration than the vertical influx from higher atmospheric layers. Rainfall is the primary cause of the decrease in ⁷Be surface air concentration. Following rainfall, the atmosphere gradually is restored in ⁷Be content, following a saturation curve, with reload coefficient of 0.36 ± 0.05 d^-1 and a recharge time of 2.8 ± 0.2 d.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"61 4","pages":"351-370"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation hazard assessment of radioactive elements ²³²Th, ²²⁶Ra, and ⁴⁰K in local and imported sugar in Iraqi Kurdistan.","authors":"Hiwa H Azeez, Sardar Qader Othman, Barzan N Sabr, Jahfer M Smail, Hawbash H Karim","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2498405","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2498405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural radioactivity is receiving a lot of attention worldwide due to its essential role in human health. Sugar is a generic term for sweet, soluble carbohydrates, many of which find their way into food. Therefore, measuring natural radioactivity is critical as it has a direct impact on human safety. This research analyzed natural radionuclide activity levels in 22 samples of commonly consumed sugar from the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. High-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors are used in gamma-ray spectrometers. Measurements in this study showed that ²²⁶Ra activity concentrations ranged from below minimum detectable activity (BMDA) to 5.16 ± 2.55 Bq kg^-1 with an average value of 0.80 ± 0.15 Bq kg^-1. In contrast, ²³²Th radionuclide activity concentrations ranged from BMDA to 3.11 ± 1.67 Bq kg^-1 with an average value of 0.51 ± 0.10 Bq kg^-1. Also, the activity concentration of ⁴⁰K ranged from BMDA to 30.71 ± 10.77 Bq kg^-1 with a mean of 6.44 ± 2.54 Bq kg^-1. Based on these results, a radiation risk index associated with sugar intake was calculated. It was verified that the radiation exposure due to sugar consumption in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq was below the permissible level of 290 μSv y^-1, and did not pose a radiation risk to public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"420-432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}