JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance最新文献

{"title":"Genomic characteristics of quinolone resistance in colistin-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolates from community residents in Ecuador and Vietnam.","authors":"Hoa Thi Thanh Hoang, Mayumi Yamamoto, Yoshimasa Yamamoto","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlae151","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 5","pages":"dlae151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142346845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance profiles of and associated risk factors for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> nosocomial infection among patients at two tertiary healthcare facilities in Lusaka and Copperbelt Provinces, Zambia.","authors":"Patrice Ntanda Mukomena, Martin Simuunza, Sody Munsaka, Geoffrey Kwenda, Flavien Bumbangi, Kaunda Yamba, Josephine Kabwe, Jean-Marie Kayembe, John Bwalya Muma","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae139","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of pathogens such as <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is among the top 10 threats to global health. However, clinical and molecular data are scarce in Zambia. We, therefore, evaluated the AMR profiles of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> nosocomial infections (NIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A year-long hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at two large tertiary-level hospitals in Zambia. Patients with current or previous hospital contact were screened for NIs. The current study focused on patients diagnosed with <i>P. aeruginosa</i> NIs. Clinical specimens were collected for bacteriological culture, and PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene fragments was performed on pure isolates. Hospital or NIs were defined as infections that arise during hospitalization, occurring at least 48 h after admission. The Kirby-Bauer's disk diffusion method was used to evaluate antibiotic resistance patterns. The association between AMR and risk factors was analysed using the χ² test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight hundred and forty-one patients were screened, and clinical specimens were collected and analysed. Of them, 116 (13.7%) were diagnosed with <i>P. aeruginosa</i> NIs. The participants' ages ranged from 15 to 98 years, with a mean of 51 (SD ± 18). Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (57%) were the most common, followed by pressure sores (38.7%). <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates were primarily susceptible to amikacin, which had the highest resistance to FEP. We observed a high prevalence of multidrug resistance (73.6%). The AMR was associated with carbapenem-hydrolysing β-lactamase gene blaOXA-51 and surgical care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study has demonstrated that multidrug-resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> is prevalent in hospitals in Zambia's Lusaka and Ndola districts and possibly countrywide.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 5","pages":"dlae139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11403203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of cefiderocol heteroresistance among patients treated with cefiderocol for carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> infections.","authors":"Ryan K Shields, Ava J Dorazio, Giusy Tiseo, Kevin M Squires, Alessandro Leonildi, Cesira Giordano, Ellen G Kline, Simona Barnini, Alina Iovleva, Marissa P Griffith, Daria Van Tyne, Yohei Doi, Marco Falcone","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae146","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cefiderocol exhibits potent <i>in vitro</i> activity against carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (CRAb), but this activity has not consistently translated to improved outcomes among patients. Cefiderocol heteroresistance, or the presence of a resistant subpopulation, has been proposed as one possible explanation. The objective of this study was to explore associations between heteroresistance and outcomes of patients with CRAb infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline CRAb isolates were collected from 27 consecutive patients in the USA and Italy. Cefiderocol susceptibility was tested by broth microdilutions in triplicate. Heteroresistance was defined by population analysis profiling in duplicate. Resistance mechanisms and strain relatedness were evaluated through comparative genomic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 59% of infecting CRAb isolates were identified as cefiderocol-heteroresistant; rates were higher among isolates from Italy (79%) than the USA (38%). The median Charlson Comorbidity and SOFA scores were 4 and 5, respectively; 44% of patients had pneumonia, which was the most common infection type. Rates of 28-day clinical success and survival were 30% and 73%, respectively. By broth microdilution, cefiderocol MICs ≥1 mg/L were associated with higher failure rates than MICs ≤0.5 mg/L (81% versus 55%). Rates of clinical failure were numerically higher among patients infected by cefiderocol-heteroresistant compared with susceptible CRAb (81% versus 55%). Whole-genome sequencing identified a premature stop codon in the TonB<i>-</i>dependent receptor gene <i>piuA</i> in six isolates, all of which were heteroresistant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pilot study supports the hypothesis that cefiderocol treatment failure may be associated with higher MICs and/or the presence of heteroresistance. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 5","pages":"dlae146"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of high-level aztreonam-avibactam and cefiderocol resistance following treatment of an NDM-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> bloodstream isolate exhibiting reduced susceptibility to both agents at baseline.","authors":"Ghady Haidar, Ellen G Kline, Georgios D Kitsios, Xiaohong Wang, Eun Jeong Kwak, Anthony Newbrough, Kelly Friday, Kailey Hughes Kramer, Ryan K Shields","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae141","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cefiderocol (FDC) or ceftazidime-avibactam with aztreonam (CZA-ATM) are frontline agents for New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing Enterobacterales; however, clinical data are scarce, and mechanisms of treatment-emergent resistance are ill-defined. Our objectives were to characterize serial isolates and stool microbiota from a liver transplant recipient with NDM-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> bacteraemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isolates collected pre- and post-CZA-ATM treatment underwent broth microdilution susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing. Longitudinal stool collected during CZA-ATM therapy underwent metagenomic sequencing (Nanopore MinION).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The baseline isolate exhibited elevated MICs for ATM-AVI (16/4 µg/mL) and FDC (8 µg/mL). Posttreatment, a rectal surveillance isolate exhibited high-level resistance to ATM-AVI (> 128/4 µg/mL) and FDC (32 µg/mL). Both isolates belonged to ST361 and harboured WT <i>bla</i> _NDM-5. The baseline isolate contained wild type (WT) <i>bla</i> _CMY-145 and mutations in <i>ftsI</i> (which encodes PBP3), including a YRIN insertion at residue 338 and the non-synonymous substitutions Q227H, E353K and I536L. The posttreatment isolate harboured new mutations in <i>ftsI</i> (A417 V) and <i>bla</i> _CMY-145 (L139R and N366Y). Analysis of four stool samples collected during CZA-ATM treatment revealed high <i>E. coli</i> abundance. <i>E. coli</i> relative abundance increased from 34.5% (first sample) to 61.9% (last sample).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Baseline mutations in <i>ftsI</i> were associated with reduced susceptibility to ATM-AVI and FDC in an ST361 NDM-5-producing <i>E. coli</i> bloodstream isolate. High-level resistance was selected after CZA-ATM treatment, resulting in new <i>ftsl</i> and <i>bla</i> _CMY-145 mutations. These findings underscore the need for ATM-AVI susceptibility testing for NDM producers, and the potential for PBP3 mutations to confer cross-resistance to ATM-AVI and FDC, which can emerge after CZA-ATM treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 5","pages":"dlae141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic epidemiology and longitudinal sampling of ward wastewater environments and patients reveals complexity of the transmission dynamics of <i>bla</i> _KPC-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in a hospital setting.","authors":"N Stoesser, R George, Z Aiken, H T T Phan, S Lipworth, T P Quan, A J Mathers, N De Maio, A C Seale, D W Eyre, A Vaughan, J Swann, T E A Peto, D W Crook, J Cawthorne, A Dodgson, A S Walker","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae140","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare-associated wastewater and asymptomatic patient reservoirs colonized by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) contribute to nosocomial CPE dissemination, but the characteristics and dynamics of this remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically sampled wastewater sites (<i>n</i> = 4488 samples; 349 sites) and patients (<i>n</i> = 1247) across six wards over 6-12 months to understand bla_KPC-associated CPE (KPC-E) diversity within these reservoirs and transmission in a healthcare setting. Up to five KPC-E-positive isolates per sample were sequenced (Illumina). Recombination-adjusted phylogenies were used to define genetically related strains; assembly and mapping-based approaches were used to characterize antimicrobial resistance genes, insertion sequences (ISs) and Tn<i>4401</i> types/target site sequences. The accessory genome was evaluated in some of the largest clusters, and those crossing reservoirs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wastewater site KPC-E-positivity was substantial [101/349 sites (28.9%); 228/5601 (4.1%) patients cultured]. Thirteen KPC-E species and 109 strains were identified using genomics, and 24% of wastewater and 26% of patient KPC-E-positive samples harboured one or more strains. Most diversity was explained by the individual niche, suggesting localized factors are important in selection and spread. Tn<i>4401</i> + flanking target site sequence diversity was greater in wastewater sites (<i>P</i> < 0.001), which might favour Tn<i>4401</i>-associated transposition/evolution. Shower/bath- and sluice/mop-associated sites were more likely to be KPC-E-positive (adjusted OR = 2.69; 95% CI: 1.44-5.01; <i>P</i> = 0.0019; and adjusted OR = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.04-6.52; <i>P</i> = 0.0410, respectively). Different strains had different bla_KPC dissemination dynamics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified substantial and diverse KPC-E colonization of wastewater sites and patients in this hospital setting. Reservoir and niche-specific factors (e.g. microbial interactions, selection pressures), and different strains and mobile genetic elements likely affect transmission dynamics. This should be considered in surveillance and control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 5","pages":"dlae140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging <i>Aspergillus lentulus</i> infections in Taiwan: clinical and environmental surveillance.","authors":"Pao-Yu Chen, Chien-Ming Chao, Chwan-Yau Luo, Yau-Lin Tseng, Po-Lin Chen, Jun-Neng Roan, Wei-Lun Liu, Chien Chu, Chi-Jung Wu, Hsuan-Chen Wang, Ming-I Hsieh, Pui-Ching Choi, Yee-Chun Chen","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlae138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of <i>Aspergillus lentulus</i> clinical and environmental isolates in Taiwan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>Aspergillus</i> isolates obtained from patients at three hospitals and from 530 soil samples across Taiwan were screened. <i>A. lentulus</i>, confirmed by calmodulin sequencing, was subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing and <i>cyp51A</i> analyses. Soil samples yielding <i>A. lentulus</i> were analysed for residues of 25 azole fungicides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine <i>A. lentulus</i> isolates were identified, which included seven (1.2%, 7/601) isolates from three antifungal-naïve patients out of 601 <i>Aspergillus</i> section <i>Fumigati</i> clinical isolates and two (0.3%, 2/659) isolates out of 659 <i>Aspergillus</i> soil isolates. All isolates developed white colonies and failed to grow at 48°C. They were susceptible to anidulafungin but showed reduced susceptibility to amphotericin B (AmB), voriconazole and azole fungicides. One heart transplant recipient with proven invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) initially showed suboptimal response to voriconazole monotherapy but was cured with a combination of voriconazole-caspofungin, liposomal AmB (LAmB)-caspofungin, along with surgery, followed by voriconazole maintenance therapy. Among two critically ill patients with probable IPA, one survived with micafungin, while the other died of aspergillosis despite sequential isavuconazole and LAmB monotherapy. Clinical and environmental isolates sharing identical Cyp51A sequence are identified, matching the Cyp51A sequence of <i>A. lentulus</i> NIID0096. Flusilazole (0.0009 mg/kg) was detected in one soil sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study raises concerns about health threat posed by human pathogenic <i>A. lentulus</i> originating from natural environments and underscores the need for increased clinical and laboratory vigilance regarding <i>A. lentulus</i> infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 4","pages":"dlae138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11358634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use what you have: leveraging microbiology support to develop a cumulative antibiotic susceptibility report for antimicrobial stewardship at a district hospital in Ghana.","authors":"Benedicta Bosu, Obed Kwabena Offe Amponsah, Phyllis Tawiah, Eric Darko, Nana Akua Abruquah, Annabella Bensusan Osafo, Emmanuel Sarkodie, Nana Bugyei Buabeng, Otridah Kapona, Alex Owusu-Ofori, Kwame Ohene Buabeng, Nana Kwame Ayisi-Boateng","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae129","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiograms provide effective support for empirical prescribing and antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs). In low-resource settings, microbiology systems to develop antibiograms may be rudimentary or entirely lacking, which may place such facilities at a disadvantage. Notwithstanding this, facilities should use what they have to support ASPs to inform evidence-based antibiotic use. We report how an antibiogram was developed at a district hospital in Ghana to support its ASP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective analysis of antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) results from the University Hospital, KNUST from January to December 2021. Data were exported from the hospital's laboratory information system to Microsoft Excel (Version 2013). IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 25) and Epi Info™ Version 7 were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1949 cultures were performed, 392 (20.1%) growing bacterial pathogens. Per the CLSI M39-A4 standard guidelines for antibiograms, only 360 of the bacterial isolates were used for the analyses. The majority of isolates were from urine (187; 51.9%). Among the Gram-negative bacteria, there was low susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (28%), cephalosporins (11%-35%) and meropenem (21%), but high susceptibility to amikacin (96%) and levofloxacin (81%). Low susceptibility of Gram-positive isolates to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (34%), meropenem (34%) and penicillins (27%-35%) was also recorded, but high susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (80%), gentamicin (79%) and vancomycin (76%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High levels of bacterial resistance to cephalosporins and meropenem in the antibiogram were reported. This antibiogram highlighted the urgent need for pragmatic steps to curb antibiotic resistance through ASPs using strategies that positively improve clinicians' knowledge and prescribing practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 4","pages":"dlae129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11337119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Susceptibility of clinical isolates of novel pathogen <i>Stenotrophomonas sepilia</i> to novel benzoquinolizine fluoroquinolone levonadifloxacin.","authors":"Surajit Chakraborty, Nishant Shekhar, Lipika Singhal, Rajneesh Singh Rawat, Ajay Duseja, Rahul K Verma, Kanika Bansal, Ivneet Kour, Sanjay Biswas, Ekadashi Rajni, Suneeta Sahu, Prabhu B Patil, Vikas Gautam","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae130","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Stenotrophomonas sepilia</i>, identified in 2021, is part of the <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> complex (Smc) and shares high genomic identity with <i>S. maltophilia</i>. Resistance to levofloxacin, the recommended fluoroquinolone for <i>S. maltophilia</i>, is being increasingly reported. Recent studies indicate that levonadifloxacin, a novel benzoquinolizine, may be more effective. This study evaluates the antimicrobial efficacy of levofloxacin and levonadifloxacin against clinical isolates of <i>S. sepilia</i>.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the antibacterial effectiveness of levofloxacin and levonadifloxacin against novel pathogen <i>S. sepilia.</i></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 116 <i>S. maltophilia</i> isolates, identified by MALDI-TOF MS, were collected from five centres across India. <i>S. sepilia</i> was confirmed by PCR using primers targeting a unique genomic sequence (NCBI accession number LXXZ00000000.1). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of levonadifloxacin and levofloxacin were determined by using the microbroth-dilution method and Etest as per CLSI guidelines. The levofloxacin breakpoint was used to interpret MICs of levonadifloxacin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 116 circulating <i>S. maltophilia</i> isolates collected, 46 were identified as <i>S. sepilia</i>, representing a prevalence rate of (∼40%), thus highlighting its significance as an important pathogen within the Smc. Both levofloxacin and levonadifloxacin demonstrated a 98% inhibition rate against the 46 <i>S. sepilia</i> tested. Only one <i>S. sepilia</i> isolate resistant to levofloxacin showed intermediate susceptibility to levonadifloxacin, which consistently had lower MICs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Levofloxacin and levonadifloxacin show similar susceptibility rates against <i>S. sepilia</i>, with levonadifloxacin exhibiting lower MICs. Further studies are required to establish clinical utility of levonadifloxacin in managing these infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 4","pages":"dlae130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11337124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The <i>bla</i> _NDM-1 and <i>mcr-1</i> genes coexist in <i>Escherichia coli</i> strain isolated from public trash cans.","authors":"Xiaoqian Long, Jie Li, Hua Yang, Yuehua Gao, Jiangang Ma, Xiaoqun Zeng, Biao Tang","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae132","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 4","pages":"dlae132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11334060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales with <i>bla</i> _IMP-6 predominance in hospitals from 2018 to 2021 in Nara, Japan.","authors":"Rio Kishi, Ryuichi Nakano, Akiyo Nakano, Takehito Harimoto, Ryusei Taniguchi, Sayaka Ando, Yuki Suzuki, Koichi Yamaguchi, Daisuke Kitagawa, Saori Horiuchi, Kousuke Tsubaki, Ryuichi Morita, Takashi Kawabe, Hisakazu Yano","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae135","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Despite the global health risk of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), especially carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), Japan reports a significantly low frequency of CRE with a predominance of IMP-type carbapenemases. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of CRE isolated from hospitals in the city of Nara, Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained 171 CRE isolates from 16 791 Enterobacterales isolated at 23 hospitals in Nara between January 2018 and December 2021. Isolates of CPE were characterized through antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the carbapenem inactivation method, PCR and DNA sequencing. Genotypic diversity of carbapenemase-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> was determined via MLST and PFGE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of CRE between 2018 and 2021 was 1.02%, gradually decreasing from 1.13% to 0.74%. Ninety-nine isolates were identified as CPE, representing six species. Ninety-seven CPE isolates harboured <i>bla</i> _IMP-6, while the remaining two carried either <i>bla</i> _IMP-1 or <i>bla</i> _IMP-19. Genotype analysis identified ST131 as the dominant genotype for <i>E. coli</i>, but none for <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. PFGE results suggested clonal spread of CPE in Hospital A, where CRE was isolated in high numbers (<i>n</i> = 44).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, CRE prevalence was marginally higher than previously reported in Japan, but still low in frequency. A predominance of Enterobacterales harbouring <i>bla</i> _IMP-6 was confirmed in Nara. The spread of CPE at Hospital A suggested the possibility of a nosocomial outbreak due to <i>bla</i> _IMP-6 transmission via plasmids or clonal spread. Continued monitoring is crucial for effective management of CRE prevalence in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"6 4","pages":"dlae135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11334064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}