JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance最新文献

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> antimicrobial activity of nitroxoline against uropathogens isolated from China.","authors":"Xiaofei Yi, Xin Chen, Yanyan Lu, Jianfeng Zhang, Jinhong Chen, Minggui Wang, Xiaogang Xu","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The antimicrobial nitroxoline is used in treating uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in some European countries. <i>In vitro</i> antimicrobial data on uropathogens from China are lacking. To investigate the activity of nitroxoline <i>in vitro</i> against uropathogens isolated from Chinese patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MICs of nitroxoline were determined using broth microdilution of 229 bacterial isolates of 10 species including <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> derived from urinary sample. The EUCAST susceptibility breakpoint for <i>Escherichia coli</i> (16 mg/L) was applied for all isolates. The MBC for <i>A. baumannii</i> (<i>n</i> = 34) was determined, with the MBC defined as the nitroxoline concentration at which a 99.9% reduction in the initial inoculum was observed. Time-kill curves of the two isolates of <i>A. baumannii</i> were tested over a 24 h period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Except for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, most isolates were susceptible to nitroxoline. The MIC50/90 values of nitroxoline for <i>E. coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> were 4/8, 8/32 and 8/16 mg/L, respectively. Among the Gram-negative isolates, nitroxoline demonstrated a better inhibitory effect against <i>A. baumannii</i> with an MIC50/90 value of 2/2 mg/L. The MBC of <i>A. baumannii</i> was equal to the MIC or one dilution higher. The time-kill curves of <i>A. baumannii</i> displayed concentration-dependent killing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nitroxoline showed excellent <i>in vitro</i> activity against uropathogens isolated from China and may be a good option for uncomplicated UTIs caused by <i>A. baumannii</i>, which are more challenging and have few clinical options. Further <i>in vivo</i> efficacy studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlaf012"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A full review of online education resources available on antimicrobial stewardship for pet owners.","authors":"Cameron Prior, Jordana March","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to both human and animal health. Educational resources aimed at pet owners raise awareness of AMR and promote antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To review available AMS educational resources for pet owners conveying key messages and fostering responsible antibiotic use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review was conducted on various educational materials targeted at pet owners. Key features assessed included content type, target audience, accessibility, engagement level and clarity of key AMS messages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16 resources targeting pet owners were identified. While many resources effectively communicated the risks of AMR and the importance of responsible antibiotic use, gaps in measurement of long-term behavioural change were noted. Resources often catered to engaged pet owners, potentially neglecting marginalized populations who may benefit from AMS education. Practical guidance on actions like proper disposal of unused medications was limited, although initiatives like the Antibiotic Amnesty campaign showed promise in promoting responsible practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Educational resources for pet owners on AMS show promise in enhancing awareness and promoting responsible antibiotic use. However, improvements in clarity, engagement strategies and addressing specific concerns of pet owners are necessary for greater impact. Further research is needed to assess long-term behavioural changes amongst pet owners in antibiotic use following exposure to these resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlaf011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of VIM-1-producing <i>E. coli</i> in German cattle.","authors":"Alexandra Irrgang, Silke Jahn, Maria Borowiak, Annemarie Kaesbohrer, Mirjam Grobbel","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlaf009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic prescribing practices and antimicrobial stewardship in South Africa: a scoping review.","authors":"Suwayda Ahmed, Rukshana Ahmed, Razia Zulfikar Adam, Renier Coetzee","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging global threat, with notable impact evident in low- and middle-income countries. Indiscriminate antibiotic prescribing is recognized as the key factor responsible for the continued spread of AMR.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To comprehensively map published data of evidence of AMR in healthcare settings in South Africa, encompassing the exploration of antibiotic prescribing practices and the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship initiatives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The scoping review methodology was based on the guidelines outlined by Arksey and O'Malley. The protocol for this scoping review has been registered in the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PWMFB). The search strategy was documented using the protocol outlined within the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Databases used were Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Wiley, Directory of Open Access Journals; and health organizations such as the WHO. In addition, the Google search engine was used to search for grey matter. The search was restricted to peer-reviewed articles in English on human studies for the period 2019-24.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded a total of 529 articles from electronic databases and search engines. Twenty-nine articles were accepted for inclusion following the application of the study protocol. The majority of the articles were primary research papers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings reveal that South Africa has measures in place to combat AMR; however, inconsistencies were found between the private and public health sectors, in addition to the lack of adherence to guidelines and limitations in AMR education among healthcare workers and students.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlaf014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the general public knowledge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Africa: a video-based Brief Educational Resource Review.","authors":"Jimmy Nkaiwuatei, Hafeez Hamza, Samar Akbi, Ngoni Muzondo","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The ability of microorganisms to resist antimicrobial medicines is called antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR awareness among the general public may be increased via a variety of approaches including the use of social media campaigns, traditional media, influencer outreach storytelling, community theatre, interactive games and quizzes and art and music. This analysis aims to evaluate YouTube videos to educate the general public about AMR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A content analysis was performed on the AMR educational videos that were retrieved from YouTube using the following keyword phrases: 'what is antimicrobial resistance', 'causes of antimicrobial resistance' and 'prevention of antimicrobial resistance'.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 74 AMR educational videos were identified and analysed based on predefined selection criteria. Subsequently, three online videos that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analysed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The analysed AMR educational videos were easily accessible and comprehensible, and serve as valuable resources for promoting AMR awareness and education among the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlaf005"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic duration for common bacterial infections-a systematic review.","authors":"Yin Mo, Wei Cong Tan, Ben S Cooper","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae215","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reducing antibiotic duration is a key stewardship intervention to mitigate antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We examined current evidence informing antibiotic duration for common bacterial infections to identify any gaps in terms of settings, patient populations and infectious conditions. Trial methodologies were assessed to identify areas for improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDLINE and Embase were searched up to July 2024 for randomized trials comparing antibiotic durations in hospital and community settings (PROSPERO 2021, CRD42021276209). A narrative synthesis of the results was performed with a review on the major guidelines published by IDSA, NICE, WHO and other international societies to assess the impact of these trials on practice guidance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 315 studies, 85% concluded equivalence or non-inferiority of shorter courses. Adult bacterial sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia, female cystitis/pyelonephritis, uncomplicated cellulitis and intra-abdominal infection with adequate source control and perioperative prophylaxis had robust evidence supporting shorter durations. Few trials studied severe infections, such as bloodstream infections and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Twenty-three (7%) of the trials were conducted in intensive care settings and only 43 trials (14%) enrolled patients from low-to-middle- or low-income countries. Only 15% of studies were at low risk for bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reducing antibiotic duration likely remains an important strategy for antibiotic stewardship, and an area of active research. While shorter antibiotic courses may be suitable for many bacterial infections, more evidence is needed for severe infections and in low- and middle-income settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlae215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized companion animals in China in 2022-23.","authors":"Yang Liu, Yimeng Zhai, Chenwei Jiang, Huan Liu, Zhenyu Li, Yafang Yuan, Jinfeng Song, Shuai Yuan","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study, bacteria isolated from companion animals in China were taxonomically identified and assessed for antimicrobial susceptibility to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October 2022 to October 2023, 5468 samples were collected from pets, predominantly from cats and dogs, in China, of which 5253 bacterial strains were identified (>98%). Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using the VITEK 2 COMPACT system and the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common bacterial species were <i>Escherichia coli</i> (14.5%) and <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> (13.6%). <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> exhibited high resistance to ampicillin and cefpodoxime (56.8%-73.2%) but moderate resistance to doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, and amoxicillin-clavulanate (18.1%-38.5%). <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Enterobacter</i> spp. were resistance to several antimicrobials (32.2%-57.7%). High susceptibility to imipenem was noted in <i>Proteus</i> spp., <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp., and <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. (91.7%-94.1%). Coagulase-positive <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. demonstrated higher resistance than coagulase-negative strains. <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> showed greater resistance to some antimicrobials compared with <i>E. faecalis</i>. <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. exhibited low resistance to enrofloxacin (1.6%) and penicillin (1.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study demonstrates that AMR is widespread in companion animals in China, emphasizing the need for continuous surveillance. The accumulation of commercial antimicrobial susceptibility data can improve understanding of AMR and promote more effective antimicrobial stewardship and clinical practices in veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlaf007"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143058802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining and responding to the contextual drivers for implementation of antimicrobial stewardship in 14 neonatal units in South Africa.","authors":"Dena Van Den Bergh, Esmita Charani, Angela Dramowski, Ama Sakoa Annor, Michelle Gijzelaar, Angeliki Messina, Andriette Van Jaarsveld, Debra A Goff, Pavel Prusakov, Liezl Balfour, Adrie Bekker, Azraa Cassim, Nelesh P Govender, Sandi L Holgate, Sonya Kolman, Hafsah Tootla, Natalie Schellack, Kessendri Reddy, Christine Fisher, Lucinda Conradie, Anika Van Niekerk, Anje Laubscher, Pearl Alexander, Thanusha Naidoo, Magdel Dippenaar, Colleen Bamford, Sharnel Brits, Pinky Chirwa, Hannelie Erasmus, Pieter Ekermans, Lerina Rungen, Teresa Kriel, Dini Mawela, Simthembile Mjekula, Maphoshane Nchabeleng, Ronald Nhari, Marli Janse Van Rensburg, Pablo J Sánchez, Adrian Brink","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae222","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research on the contextual drivers of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programme interventions in neonatal units is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of a prospective mixed-methods multidisciplinary neonatal AMS (NeoAMS) interventional study in 14 South African hospitals, we applied a three-phased process to assess implementation barriers and contextual drivers experienced by participating health professionals. The study included: (Phase one; P1) a survey of pre-intervention barriers and enablers; (P2) written feedback during the study intervention phase; and (P3) semi-structured exit interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents to the P1 survey (<i>n</i> = 100) identified 15 barriers, 9 in the domain of personnel resources, including staffing, time and workload constraints. Other barriers related to limited access to antimicrobial use and surveillance trends, complexity of neonatal care, absence of multidisciplinary team (MDT) AMS and change resistance. For P2, written feedback during implementation (<i>n</i> = 42) confirmed that the MDT approach facilitated systems changes, including policy adaptations, process improvements, strengthened infection control practices, and expansion of AMS MDT roles. MDT benefits were described as aligned team purpose, improved communication, and knowledge sharing. Reported challenges included time to meet and building trust. In P3 interviews (<i>n</i> = 42), improved interpersonal communication, trust, personal growth and confidence building were cited as highlights of working in multidisciplinary AMS teams. Extending the MDT approach to other hospitals, training more health professionals in AMS and increasing management involvement were identified as priorities going forward.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding the organizational and interprofessional context for NeoAMS implementation enabled an MDT approach to develop and optimize neonatal AMS with potential for adoption in similar resource-constrained settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlae222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global prevalence of human intestinal carriage of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Rita W Y Ng, Liuyue Yang, Sai Hung Lau, Peter Hawkey, Margaret Ip","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a pressing need for global surveillance of ESBL-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> due to its health impacts, travel and increased antibiotic use during the COVID-19 pandemic. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize evidence investigating the global prevalence of ESBL <i>E. coli</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four databases, including Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed and Web of Science, were searched for quantitative studies that reported prevalence data of faecal carriage of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> published between 23 April 2021 and 22 April 2024. Meta-analysis was performed using the inverse variance heterogeneity model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 25 studies (13 901 unique participants) included for final analysis, the overall pooled prevalence of ESBL <i>E. coli</i> was 25.4% (95% CI, 19.7%-31.2%). The pooled prevalences of ESBL <i>E. coli</i> in healthy individuals in community settings and inpatients in healthcare settings were 23.4% (95% CI, 14.7%-32.2%) and 27.7% (95% CI, 18.8%-36.7%), respectively. Nearly one-third of the included studies (32%) were from the Western Pacific Region. There was a significant between-group difference for studies with different WHO regions and healthcare contact.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pooled prevalence of ESBL <i>E. coli</i> remains high and there was a significant between-group difference for different WHO regions, with the highest being in Asian regions. Standardized surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic stewardship especially in these regions are needed to enhance the control of this global emergency.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlaf001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral switch antibiotic therapy in uncomplicated <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> bloodstream infection.","authors":"Sarah Al Mansi, Margaret Pokalsky, Katherine Turnley, Andrew Freeman, P Brandon Bookstaver, Joseph Kohn, Hana R Winders, Sarah Withers, Majdi N Al-Hasan","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf004","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jacamr/dlaf004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of oral switch antibiotic therapy in uncomplicated <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> bloodstream infection (BSI) remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study examines the effectiveness of oral switch compared with standard intravenous antibiotic therapy in uncomplicated <i>E. faecalis</i> BSI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with first episodes of uncomplicated monomicrobial <i>E. faecalis</i> BSI were admitted to 10 Prisma Health hospitals in South Carolina from January 2021 to June 2023 were included. Deaths within 7 days were excluded to mitigate immortal time bias. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression examined the risk of treatment failure (all-cause mortality or recurrence) within 90 days after adjustment for the propensity of transitioning to oral switch therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 476 screened patients, 131 with uncomplicated <i>E. faecalis</i> BSI were included in the analysis. The median age was 70 years, 84 (64%) were men, and 46 (35%) had a urinary source of infection. Eighty-seven patients (66%) received standard intravenous therapy and 44 (34%) were transitioned to oral switch therapy. Aminopenicillins were the most commonly used antibiotics for oral switch therapy (33/44; 75%). There was no increased risk of treatment failure with oral switch therapy compared with standard intravenous therapy (hazard ratio 0.77, 95% CIs 0.23-2.57, <i>P</i> = 0.67). Hospital length of stay (HLOS) was 7 and 11 days in the oral switch and standard intravenous groups, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transitioning patients with uncomplicated <i>E. faecalis</i> BSI from intravenous to oral switch antibiotic therapy appears to be a promising strategy with shorter HLOS and no significant increase in the risk of treatment failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"7 1","pages":"dlaf004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}