Israel journal of medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"Planter foot pressures in pregnant women.","authors":"M Nyska,&nbsp;D Sofer,&nbsp;A Porat,&nbsp;C B Howard,&nbsp;A Levi,&nbsp;I Meizner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>The physiological changes occurring during pregnancy may be responsible for the faulty foot position leading to backache and lower limb pain. We evaluated the changes in the plantar foot pressures during pregnancy. Twenty-eight, full-term, healthy, pregnant women, average age 28 years, were examined and evaluated clinically, and the plantar foot pressure distribution was measured statically and dynamically using the EMED system. Twenty-eight, non-pregnant women, average age 25 years, served as the control group. In the static measurements, the pregnant women had significantly lower maximal forefoot pressures and higher hindfoot pressures than the non-pregnant women. The area of the foot in contact with the measuring pressure plate was greater in the pregnant women than in the non-pregnant women. In the dynamic measurements, the maximal force in almost every area of interest was significantly higher. The total force exerted on the pressure plate at the instant of maximal force of every area of interest during the whole step was higher in the pregnant group. On the medial side of the forefoot there was a slight decrease in the contact time of the maximal force. The peak pressures were higher in the midfoot of both feet and on the lateral side of the right forefoot in the pregnant women. In the medial side of the forefoot, the peak pressures were lower in pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pregnant woman has a different pattern of gait. There is an increase of load on the lateral side of the foot and the hindfoot. These changes may be responsible for the musculoskeletal complaints of lower limb pain in pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"139-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20195906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reported health concerns of Israeli high school students--differences by age and sex.","authors":"H Palti,&nbsp;B Knishkowy,&nbsp;Y Epstein,&nbsp;A Halevy,&nbsp;M Meir,&nbsp;B Adler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Health concerns of high school students in the 10th grade and again in the 12th grade were studied. The students filled out an anonymous questionnaire that included a list of 73 concerns. At both ages their main concerns were reportedly related to school. Concerns relating to army service ranked high particularly in the 12th grade, among both sexes. Concerns relating to sexual relations were frequent among boys at both ages, whereas concerns about mood and loneliness were more frequent among girls. Reports on physical concerns were frequently related to height among the younger boys and weight and diet among girls of both ages. Concerns were grouped into 6 domains. In each of them, except for sexuality, girls had more concerns. A significant decline in the number of concerns was noted from the first to the second survey, indicating a partial resolution of the issues central to adolescent development. Knowledge about concerns of adolescents may help health care providers in counseling and health education program planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"123-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20195903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies in establishing eradication of infection in children.","authors":"A Fradkin,&nbsp;Y Yahav,&nbsp;A Diver-Haber,&nbsp;B Weisselberg,&nbsp;A Jonas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) IgG antibodies in monitoring eradication of infection in children. Forty-seven H. pylori-infected children (aged 12.5 +/- 3.0 years, range 6.5-18 years) were followed for a mean of 30.3 months (range 6.66 months). Patients were divided into those with eradicated infection and those with ongoing infection, as determined by antral biopsy-related tests (histology, urease and culture). Anti-H. pylori antibodies (EIA) were tested at diagnosis and follow-up and changes of antibody titers were compared between the two groups. Twenty-five of 26 non-eradicated patients showed persistently high levels of antibodies throughout the study. One patient had non-detectable antibodies despite an ongoing infection for 12 months. Patients with eradicated infection showed a progressive fall of antibody levels from 52.9 +/- 32.4 U/ml at diagnosis to 17.5 +/- 4.1 U/ml at 6 months (p < 0.007) and 4.4 +/- 0.7 U/ml at > or = 12 months (p < 0.002). In 17 of 21 eradicated patients, serum antibodies normalized during the follow-up period; in 4 of the 21 patients, a decrease of > or = 40% of the initial value was observed during the 8-month follow-up. The validity of serology in the evaluation of H. pylori infection had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96% and positive predictive and negative predictive values of 95% and 100% respectively. Our conclusion is that serial determination of anti-H. pylori antibodies is a reliable method for the follow-up and monitoring of H. pylori eradication in children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20196645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergy and SLE: common and variable.","authors":"E Shahar,&nbsp;M Lorber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune conditions and allergic diseases are both characterized by immune dysregulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of various allergic disorders in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Sixty patients with SLE completed a questionnaire detailing their allergic disorders, which we compared with those of 60 age- and sex-matched healthy people. Forty-four of the SLE patients (56%) had at least one type of allergic disorder. Perturbation of immunoregulation in SLE patients may increase the susceptibility to develop IgE-mediated allergic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"147-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20195907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of febrile infants under 3 months of age: is routine lumbar puncture warranted?","authors":"R Brik,&nbsp;R Hamissah,&nbsp;N Shehada,&nbsp;M Berant","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fever may be the sole clinically evident presentation of serious bacterial infection (SBI) in a very young infant, and therefore lumbar puncture is still widely regarded as a mandatory procedure in the sepsis workup of febrile infants under 2 months of age. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the frequency and the diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid examination in 492 infants aged less than 3 months who were hospitalized because of fever during 1988-1994. The patients were categorized as being at \"high risk\" or \"low risk\" for SBI according to current clinical and laboratory criteria. Among the 492 infants, 196 (40%) were identified as \"high-risk\" for SBI, and 296 (60%) were at low risk. Among the overall series of infants, 60 babies (12%) were subsequently proven with bacterial infection. Among the 196 \"high-risk\" babies, 26% had bacterial infection, compared to only 3% of the 296 infants at low risk (p < 0.0001), denoting a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 65% of the clinical classification criteria. Lumbar puncture was done to 186 (46%) infants upon hospital admission; 176 punctures yielded satisfactory samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Sixteen (3%) patients had abnormal CSF findings: 2 of them had positive bacterial cultures and 14 were compatible with aseptic meningitis. The 2 patients with purulent meningitis were clinically very ill and were immediately recognized as deserving a lumbar puncture. Of the 14 patients with aseptic meningitis, 13 were initially screened as being at high risk for serious infection, and therefore underwent a lumbar puncture. Over the years of this survey, a declining trend for performing lumbar puncture in \"low-risk\" young febrile infants became evident: during 1988-1992, evaluation of sepsis included a lumbar puncture in 45% of the infants, compared to 27% during the following 2 years (p < 0.0001). Not one instance of purulent meningitis evolved among the infants in whom lumbar puncture was not performed. Our observations suggest that hospitalized young febrile infants may safely be spared a lumbar puncture when they do not meet the proposed criteria for being at high risk, or when their clinical and laboratory picture suggests being at low risk for SBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"93-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20196646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Height and social class in male adolescents from different ethnic backgrounds in Israel.","authors":"A Lusky,&nbsp;V Barell,&nbsp;Z Shohat,&nbsp;G Kaplan,&nbsp;M Wiener","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between height and social class, independent of the effect of ethnic background was examined. This is a population-based study of 17-year-old israeli-born Jewish males born between 1966-1969 who underwent routine physical examination prior to army recruitment. Inductees descending from 9 ethnic backgrounds-Germany, Hungary, India, Morocco, Poland, Romania, Russia, Yemen and at least 3rd-generation israeli-born were used for this analysis. Anthropometric data was abstracted from the computerized induction examination; socioeconomic status (SES) was assigned according to the residence of each recruit. Statistical analysis included analysis of variance and chi square test for linear trend. Mean height of the total (reference) group was 173.7 cm, ranging from 172.0 cm in the lowest SES level to 175.1 cm in the highest level. The proportion of individuals above the 85th percentile of height of the reference group, increased linearly from 8.7% (lowest SES) to 18.5% (highest SES) (p < 0.01). The mean height of recruits differed considerably among ethnic groups in each SES level and ranged from 170.8 cm (Yemenites) to 175.4 cm (Russian and Romanian) in the total group. In each ethnic group, height differences between extreme levels of SES were observed ranging from 2.3 cm (Morocco) to 4.3 cm (Russia). We conclude that height among 17-year old israeli-born males is positively associated with SES after controlling for ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"117-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20196650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen subtype pattern in normal and varicose saphenous veins in humans.","authors":"Y Waksman,&nbsp;A Mashiah,&nbsp;I Hod,&nbsp;S S Rose,&nbsp;A Friedman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our present study was to determine the collagen subtype pattern in the greater saphenous vein of the lower limb, obtained from 21 normal (macroscopically and ultrastructurally non-varicose vein segments from non-varicose subjects) and 37 varicose subjects, and to compare affected (macroscopically and ultrastructurally varicose segments from varicose veins) vs. non-affected (macroscopically and ultrastructurally non-varicose segments from varicose veins) segments (16). After elastase pretreatment and partial pepsin digestion, types I, III & V collagens (CI, CIII, CV) were extracted selectively by differential salt precipitation and measured quantitatively in samples obtained from normal and varicose saphenous veins-either affected or unaffected segments. Significant elevations of water (p < 0.05) and collagen type I [CI] (p < 0.01) content in varicose veins (both affected and unaffected segments) as compared with normal saphenous veins were observed. The collagen type III (CIII) and collagen type V (CV) content of varicose veins were found to be slightly reduced as compared to normal veins and consequently the CI/(CIII+CV) ratio in varicose veins increased significantly (p < 0.02) as compared to normal veins. Elevation of the CI/(CIII+CV) ratio in varicose veins may cause considerable weakening of the venous wall, further supporting the \"weak wall\" theory of varicose vein etiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"81-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20196644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy--a pilot study.","authors":"N Zelnik,&nbsp;N Giladi,&nbsp;I Goikhman,&nbsp;G Keren,&nbsp;R Moris,&nbsp;S Honigman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of botulinum toxin in cerebral palsy is still experimental. We conducted a pilot clinical trial with botulinum toxin injections on 14 children with spastic cerebral palsy. All patients were mobile with dynamic contractures of the gastrocnemius-soleus muscles. The injections were monophasic in 9 patients and biphasic in 5 patients. Improvement in dorsiflexion, quality of gait and grade of independence were achieved in 3 patients; improvement in dorsilflexion and quality of gait were achieved in 6 patients. There was no significant change in quality of gait in 4 patients. The beneficial effect lasted 4-9 months (mean 6.7 months). A combined functional score given by the physicians, therapists and parents showed a marked improvement in 6 patients (42.9%), a mild improvement in 3 patients (21.4%) and no improvement in 5 patients (35.7%). Biphasic injections were slightly more effective than monophasic injections (p < 0.02). Adverse effects were usually mild. We conclude that botulinum toxin may be used for the reduction of spasticity in patients with cerebral palsy who have dynamic deformities of the ankle joints.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"129-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20195904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemodialysis treatment may improve inspiratory muscle strength and endurance.","authors":"P Weiner,&nbsp;F Zidan,&nbsp;H B Zonder","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic renal failure can result in a variety of conditions leading to muscle weakness. However, little is known about inspiratory muscle performance and the acute effects of hemodialysis on the muscles. We investigated the inspiratory muscle performance in chronic renal failure patients undergoing maintenance dialysis. Static inspiratory pressures and inspiratory muscle endurance were determined in 21 patients (13 men and 8 women), before and after dialysis. Inspiratory muscle strength before dialysis was significantly reduced in all subjects but one (mean +/- SEM, PImax = 52.9% of predicted). Following dialysis, the static inspiratory pressure was increased in 18 patients, decreased in 1 patient and remained unchanged in 2. Inspiratory muscle endurance was almost normal before dialysis (mean +/- SEM, PmPeak/PImax = 66.1%). Following dialysis, the inspiratory muscle endurance increased in 13 patients, decreased in 5 patients and remained unchanged in 3. There was no significant correlation between inspiratory muscle strength and the time on chronic hemodialysis. We conclude that in patients with chronic renal failure receiving maintenance hemodialysis there is predialysis reduction in inspiratory muscle strength and less significant reduction in the endurance. Both the inspiratory muscle strength and endurance significantly increased following hemodialysis in most but not all of the subjects. The dialysis-induced changes in biochemical parameters may exert opposing effects on inspiratory muscle performance. This might explain the diversity of the results obtained in this study and studies performed by others.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"134-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20195905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlamydia trachomatis infection during pregnancy: can it cause an intrauterine infection?","authors":"M D Fejgin,&nbsp;I Cohen,&nbsp;M Horvat-Kohlmann,&nbsp;A G Charles,&nbsp;A Luzon,&nbsp;Z Samra","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an attempt to prove the presence of intrauterine fetal chlamydial infection, sera from 26 laboring women, who tested positive for cervical chlamydial antigen in the first half of their pregnancies, and from 43 laboring women with no evidence of such infection, and sera from the cord of their delivered infants were tested for chlamydial IgA-, IgG- and IgM-specific antibodies. Nine (34.6%) of the 26 women with positive cervical infection and 5 (11.6%) of the 43 women with no identifiable cervical infection had significant antibody levels at the time of the delivery. Three of the 26 (11.5%) babies born to the mothers with positive cervical chlamydial infection early in the pregnancy and high antibody titer at delivery were found to have anti-chlamydial antibodies in their cord serum, indicating intrauterine infection; cord sera from the other 43 babies were negative for these antibodies. These findings suggest a low but possible risk of intrauterine infection in the presence of lower genital infection during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14590,"journal":{"name":"Israel journal of medical sciences","volume":"33 2","pages":"98-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20196647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}