Greener Journal of Social Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Post-Institutional Integration Challenges Faced by Children who were Raised in Children's Homes in Zimbabwe: The Case of 'Ex-Girl' Programme for One Children's Home in Harare, Zimbabwe","authors":"Charles Dziro, Austina Rufurwokuda","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.041513576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.041513576","url":null,"abstract":"This is an investigation of post-institutional integration challenges faced by former inmates from institutions in Zimbabwe basing on Ex-girl group members of one institution for children in Harare. The study aimed at exploring challenges faced by girl children discharged from one institution. The research focused on three objectives namely an assessment of empowerment goals of institutions for girls in preparation for life after institutionalisation, to identify problems encountered by girls when they leave institutions and establish community support systems for the girl children as they leave the institutions. The research was exploratory and descriptive in nature and used qualitative research approach. Ten girls out of one hundred girls were targeted for the study. Focus group discussions, interviews and observations were used for the study. The research revealed that institutional care is so a regimented and depersonalised environment in which children have no opportunity to experience a normal family life and could not acquire the basic skills of developing ubuntu/hunhu (humanness). As a consequence, they fail to acquire culturally specific life skills and the capacity for independent thought and motivation which is necessary in their lives. The findings indicated that children discharged from institutional care endure chronic abuse and emotional deprivation which gives rise to a lasting inability to form loving and trusting relationships at time resulting in marriage break ups. One of the research recommendations were made thereof.","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114996693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vuya uhodhe! Unpacking the Form and Content of Informal Traders' Advertisements: A Submission from the Railway Siding Market Expedition in Masvingo","authors":"Mika Nyoni, T. Nyoni","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.011613382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.011613382","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the linguistic repertoire of informal traders at the Railway Siding Market in Masvingo town, Zimbabwe. The researchers armed with notebooks, cell phones and video cameras recorded verbatim the advertisements on several days traversing the entire geography of the expansive market. The researchers did this in order to study the chosen phenomenon in situ observing the spirited advertising or the verbal gymnastics in the duel to bring bread and butter on the table. Interviews were also held with a few selected respondents. The paper argues that though the main activity engaged by the traders is a way to eke out a living and some may see their oral endeavours as nothing more than advertising, close scrutiny shows that those verbal efforts should be viewed as part of the rich African orature heritage adopting and adapting to a kaleidoscopic socio-politico-economic terrain. From the analysis of the linguistic data gathered one can witness a plethora of linguistic processes at play including borrowing, extension, narrowing, coinage, anti-language, among many. Also discernible from the code used and the material gathered and analyzed are the values, attitudes and stereotypes of the speech community which are discussed in this paper. This research explores the linguistic repertoire of informal traders at the Railway Siding Market in Masvingo town,Zimbabwe. The market is popularly referred to by Masvingo residents as 'Kuchitima' which literally means 'at the train station'. The word 'kuchitima' is borrowed from the English 'steam' which is the shortened form of 'steam engine'. The current market is not at the train station but is close to the railway line. The reason why the market is called 'kuchitima' is that the traders, who were mainly coming from farming communities along the railway line which connects Gweru town to Masvingo, conducted their business at the railway station. The farmers naturally prefer the railway mode of transport to others because it is much cheaper. The other big advantage for the farmers is that the train, which combines passengers and goods, arrives in Masvingo around mid-morning and departs for Gweru at about five in the evening. This is convenient for the traders who do not need to put up in Masvingo. However this also poses a challenge to the traders who need to quickly sell their wares in order to catch up with the train in the evening. The race against time also has an influence on the language used in order to ensure as quick a sale as possible. In an interview one second hand clothes vendor said that to ensure visibility by would-be customers the three 'directors' of this particular stall had to invest in a PA system. With this they took turns to lure customers by performing their impromptu verbal art which they spiced up with popular songs which was so polished that professional DJs would turn green with envy. The said train comes to Masvingo on every other day and this puts pressure on the traders who","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121373787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Globalisation and Development Inequalities: Challenges and Prospects for ' A just Development'","authors":"Jacob Tagarirofa, David Tobias","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.022613499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.022613499","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores the ramifications of globalisation as a process, ideology and a theory on the embryonic and apparent discrepancies in development status between and within nations. It illuminated on the socio-economic and political forces behind globalisation and the implications of that process on access to resources, exercise of political and economic power in international governance and the resultant asymmetrical relations between nations in the global village. This endeavour was enabled through a multi-perspective approach in which various macro and micro sociological theories defined the lens for analysis some which entails the New International Division of Labour theory and the World Systems’ theory as they were intrinsically a function and agent for the materialisation of the process of globalisation. Methodologically, the paper adopted the qualitative comparative case study approach which perfectly ushered the opportunity to juxtapose intricacies of different events and outcomes of the lopsided international relations on development between nations in the global village. The paper maintained the notion that, globalisation was an ideological apparatus meant to mystify and veil the realities of exploitation dictated by the new world system yet positively skewed to the Industrialised World at the peril of the Developing Countries.","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116596618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Literature Review on the Relationship between Microfinance Provision and Women Enterprise Performance","authors":"Ruth Marjory, Adhiambo Ocholah, Simeo Okelo, C. Ojwang, F. Aila, P. Ojera","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.022613502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.022613502","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the crucial role of women entrepreneurs in the economic development of their families and countries; it is, however, discovered that women entrepreneurs have low business performance compared to their male counterparts. This paper identifies the challenges facing women entrepreneurs and reviews the concepts of microfinance provision and enterprise performance with a view to finding solutions to these challenges. It provides a conceptual background to research in this subject.","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128910059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Senseless Violence? A Historiographical Review of the Human Rights Discourse in Shurugwi District of Zimbabwe,1890-2000","authors":"N. Marongwe","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.032213540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.032213540","url":null,"abstract":"In the human rights narrative, the Third Chimurenga violence in Zimbabwe between 2000 and 2008 is categorised as senseless and self-preserving violence used by ZANU-PF to retain power through cowing the electorate and intimidating the opposition MDC. This article revisits the violence of the era through problematizing this Human Rights articulation. Using the historical genealogy of land expropriations and shortages among the blacks, I attempt to answer the question: To what degree was the violence that accompanied the Third Chimurenga senseless? I argue that while there could have been cases of extreme violations of human rights of certain citizens on the whole in Shurugwi district, it had the overall result of correcting historical wrongs. The article begins by problematizing the human rights discourse as it can be applied to the farm takeovers in Shurugwi district. In the second part, I discuss the genealogy of land shortages as well as coercive policies such as centralisation that was piloted in Shurugwi and the introduction of the plough in entrenching structural violence in the district. This enables us to view the build-up to the 2000 onwards land invasions and accompanying violence.","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129119611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historicity of Some Ndebele Toponyms in Zimbabwe","authors":"Sambulo Ndlovu","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.032113538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.5.032113538","url":null,"abstract":"Names can be a repository of a people’s past, experiences can be ordered into toponyms and the toponyms intern preserves the past experiences. This paper looks at some toponyms as named by the Ndebele and analyses how these are derived from history to Ndebele place names. The paper also analyses the sound and morphological processes that take place for Ndebele toponyms to be derived from history. Particular emphasis is placed on the history that led to the derivation of the toponyms and how the names preserve that history. The paper analyses Ndebele toponyms under categories of history that are; the royal Ndebele history, colonial history, post colonial history, Ndebele military history and those from past topography, topography and past activities. People name their environment, hence the names are taken from Ndebele areas in Zimbabwe that are Matabeleland, Bulawayo and Midlands provinces.","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115609591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Financial Sector Liberalization on Private Financial Savings in Uganda (1980-2007)","authors":"N. Sulaiman, W. Kaberuka","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.4.021813466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.4.021813466","url":null,"abstract":"It is a stylized fact that financial sector liberalization would result into higher interest rates, which would attract savings desirable for increased investments through enhanced efficiency in financial resource allocation. This paper examines this posture in the Uganda’s case using the Granger and Engle framework and structural change analysis. The results indicate that, liberalization of the financial sector results into higher financial savings which operate through the rate of return on savings, financial deepening and foreign exchange rate channels. This provides some support for first part of the crux of McKinnon and Shaw financial liberalization thesis, confirming the potential for payoffs relating to ongoing financial deepening and a shift to an out-ward oriented growth strategies. Consistent with the predictions made in the Life cycle model, the results indicate that higher growth in income stimulates private savings which reinforces the fact that the ability of the country to mobilize financial savings.","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129505664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Farmer in the Yoke- Effects of Humanitarian Aid on Rural Farmers of Mberengwa Ward 17 (2005-2007) in Zimbabwe","authors":"M. P. Mabuto, Vincent Mpamhadzi","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.4.020813441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.4.020813441","url":null,"abstract":"The study sought to investigate the effects of donor aid on rural farmers of Mberengwa Ward 17 who received agricultural inputs between 2005 and 2007and continue to depend on humanitarian aid. The research used a descriptive survey design on a purposive sample of 20 farmers and 5 donor agents. Data were collected using two different openended interview schedules for the rural farmers and for the donor agents. .The data that were collected were presented using tables and were treated to qualitative analyses. The findings showed that the rural farmers had mixed perceptions of donors and aid. On one hand is a radical view that humanitarian aid is a form of compensation for the vices and plunder of resources by colonialists which is to be donated on a non-selective basis to all farmers. On the other hand, the perception is that only the deserving farmers must be assisted. Psychologically, the farmers have developed a dependency syndrome hence the ‘farmer in the yoke’ metaphor. Economically, the farmers are impoverished and vulnerable to food shortages. The research recommends that the donor community should conduct adult education programmes that accentuate the humanitarian face of donors and donor aid. It recommends that donor agents should bedrock such programmes in a 360 degrees- learner- involved cycle which should be conspicuous right from the concessionary discussion and planning stage, through to programme evaluation. By so doing, the programmes will heighten the farmers’ ability to depend on themselves for problem solving and promote sustainability in food production. Consequently, the farmer will be ‘unyoked’ from donor dependency and hunger.","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122587338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems of Unemployment Faced by Visually Impaired People","authors":"Emmanuel Munemo, T. Tom","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.4.020713437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.4.020713437","url":null,"abstract":"In Zimbabwe there are no comprehensive programmes to assist visually impaired school leavers to find employment. The problems faced by visually impaired people in getting employment were the thrust of this study. The study was carried out in Mashonaland East, Mashonaland West, Masvingo and Harare provinces. Using questionnaires, data were collected from 20 unemployed and 20 employed visually impaired persons respectively and also from 10 employers of visually impaired persons. The data collected were analysed by using descriptive statistics. The study proved that visually impaired people were productive, loyal and capable of doing a number of jobs. It was further established that gender was not a factor in the employability of visually impaired people. The study revealed that lack of information by employers about visual impairment was a major cause of the problems faced in the labour market by visually impaired people. The general scarcity of jobs in the country had very little to do with the unemployment of visually impaired people. Recommendations on the employability of the visually impaired were made. The conclusion summarised the findings of the study.","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124514128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV and AIDS, Globalisation and the Shona Indigenous Knowledge Systems: the Impact of HIV and AIDS on the Shona Culture","authors":"Mazuru Michael, Grand Nesbeth","doi":"10.15580/GJSS.2013.4.020713440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2013.4.020713440","url":null,"abstract":"HIV and AIDS pandemic have wrecked havoc among humankind. They have caused a plethora of problems to the chagrin of humanity as humans fail to find a permanent panacea to the deadly diseases thereby prompting them to experiment in different ways in a bid to curtail their adverse impact on mankind. This has caused a review of different people's cultural practices such as living styles, medicinal practices, beliefs and faiths, marriage practices among others as well as different people's perceptions of the pandemic. In the struggle it has emerged that there are some western cultural views and practices that are given precedence over Shona and at large African cultural practices as these are negatively portrayed. This results in the infantilisation of the indigenous knowledge systems (I.K.S.) of the Shona which were core to their survival as a people in pre-colonial times. Consequently, the Shona indigenous knowledge systems have been fossilized, marginalized and pushed to the periphery as western cultural practices are given primacy in the struggle. The primacy given or accorded Euro-American cultures is in this paper regarded as cultural imperialism as this is to the detriment of the Shona indigenous knowledge systems that are gradually distorted and destroyed. Therefore it is within the ambit of this paper to argue that, the fight against HIV and AIDS have resulted in cultural imperialism, the agents being HIV and AIDS and their attendant western-oriented practices, beliefs and faiths that go along with its prevention and cure. The paper further posits that the Shona indigenous knowledge systems are also a formidable force to reckon with in the fight against HIV and AIDS and should be roped in, so as to give this struggle a real global perspective. It asserts the primacy of the Shona indigenous knowledge systems in this struggle as they appear to be more effective and life-oriented when compared with those from the West.","PeriodicalId":145745,"journal":{"name":"Greener Journal of Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122897031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}