Srinath Yeshwant, Jeremy S Treger, Andrew D Beaser, Gaurav A Upadhyay
{"title":"Left Septal Recordings in HBP Versus LBBAP: Highlighting the Need for a Modified Nomenclature.","authors":"Srinath Yeshwant, Jeremy S Treger, Andrew D Beaser, Gaurav A Upadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.jacep.2025.02.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacep.2025.02.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14573,"journal":{"name":"JACC. Clinical electrophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert E. Goldstein MD , Margaret L. McCarthy MD , Ronald J. Krone MD , Mark C. Haigney MD , Wojciech Zareba MD, PhD , MADIT-CRT Trial Investigators
{"title":"Sudden Unexpected Death in Patients With Implanted Cardiac Defibrillators","authors":"Robert E. Goldstein MD , Margaret L. McCarthy MD , Ronald J. Krone MD , Mark C. Haigney MD , Wojciech Zareba MD, PhD , MADIT-CRT Trial Investigators","doi":"10.1016/j.jacep.2024.11.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacep.2024.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ventricular tachyarrhythmia presumably causes sudden unexpected death (SUD) in patients lacking an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). The mechanism of SUD is less clear in patients with an ICD to remedy ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF).</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study sought to assess mechanisms of SUD in patients with an ICD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>MADIT-CRT (Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial-Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy) compared ICD alone with ICD with added cardiac resynchronization therapy in 1,820 patients with ischemic or nonischemic cardiomyopathy. In the current analysis, all 35 postmortem device interrogations were reviewed among the trial’s 191 decedents. SUD (<3 hours after symptom onset or found dead <3 days after last seen) occurred in 39 (20%) of 191 decedents, including 24 with and 15 without ICD interrogation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Interrogation showed 11 of 24 with SUD had fatal VT/VF: 6 had inadequate ICD performance (inappropriate shock initiating VT/VF in 2 and failure to detect low-amplitude and/or slow VF in 4), 4 had refractory or recurrent VT/VF, and 1 had refractory bradycardia following defibrillating shock. The remaining 13 interrogated SUDs had no tachyarrhythmia initiating device activation. Autopsy in 3 disclosed only scattered myocardial fibrosis. No clinical features discriminated 11 interrogated SUD patients with VT/VF from 13 without VT/VF.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>First, spontaneous VT/VF, undetected by ICD or refractory to ICD shock, caused a minority (33%) of SUD in 24 MADIT-CRT patients. Second, no tachyarrhythmia was identified in many (54%), suggesting SUD unrelated to tachyarrhythmia – or due to VT/VF undersensing. Last, ICD-related proarrhythmia instigated SUD in 2 (17%). Postmortem device interrogation revealed important outcomes and should be encouraged for decedents with ICD, particularly when investigating cardiovascular therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14573,"journal":{"name":"JACC. Clinical electrophysiology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 685-693"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chase M. Fiore MS , Kate Quigley MRes , Igor Vorobyov PhD , Colleen E. Clancy PhD , Robert D. Harvey PhD
{"title":"Effect of the Membrane Environment on Pharmacologic Inhibition of hERG K+ Channel Activity","authors":"Chase M. Fiore MS , Kate Quigley MRes , Igor Vorobyov PhD , Colleen E. Clancy PhD , Robert D. Harvey PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jacep.2024.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacep.2024.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>hERG encodes K<sub>V</sub>11.1 voltage-gated K<sup>+</sup> channels, which generate the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K<sup>+</sup> current that contributes to repolarization of the cardiac action potential. In addition to being targeted by many class III antiarrhythmic agents, these channels are also inhibited by a multitude of other pharmacological compounds, which can produce acquired long QT syndrome, leading to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. While most drugs are thought to interact with a hydrophilic binding site in the channel pore, it has been postulated that some compounds act by perturbing the membrane environment or acting at hydrophobic sites accessed through the plasma membrane.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Because hERG channels reside in cholesterol rich lipid raft domains, we hypothesized that disrupting the membrane environment by depleting cholesterol might alter inhibition of channel activity by certain drugs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We tested our hypothesis by examining the effect that depleting membrane cholesterol with methyl-β-cyclodextrin has on the ability of several compounds to inhibit hERG channels expressed in HEK293 cells.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that cholesterol depletion significantly increased the sensitivity of the whole cell current to inhibition by ibutilide, while decreasing the currents sensitivity to dofetilide and amiodarone at negative membrane potentials.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results support the idea that the lipid environment of the plasma membrane plays a role in the ability of certain drugs to inhibit hERG channel activity. Differences in membrane cholesterol content may affect the ability of some hERG channel blockers to produce arrhythmogenic behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14573,"journal":{"name":"JACC. Clinical electrophysiology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 708-719"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}