IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences最新文献_第2页

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Undergraduate Students in University of Nigeria Enugu campus (UNEC) towards Hepatitis B 尼日利亚大学埃努古校区(UNEC)本科生对乙型肝炎的知识、态度和实践

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1203066671

K. Amorha, Martin Ifeanyi Chiebue, E. Ayogu, O. Ukoha-Kalu, M. Okonta

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Undergraduate Students in University of Nigeria Enugu campus (UNEC) towards Hepatitis B","authors":"K. Amorha, Martin Ifeanyi Chiebue, E. Ayogu, O. Ukoha-Kalu, M. Okonta","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203066671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203066671","url":null,"abstract":"Undergraduate students represent a population that is at high-risk for acquiring and spreading hepatitis B infection (HBV). This study was designed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practice of undergraduate students in the University of Nigeria Enugu Campus (UNEC) towards Hepatitis B. During April to May 2014, a cross-sectional and descriptive survey was conducted amongst undergraduate students of UNEC. A 33-item structured questionnaire on statements concerning knowledge base of HBV, attitudes and practices towards hepatitis B were distributed to 360 students. Statistical analysis was carried out with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v 16.0 using the independent sample’s t-test and ANOVA test with level of significance set at P ≤ 0.05. Majority had heard of hepatitis (93.0%) and hepatitis B (89.9%). Less than half (35.9%) thought they could get hepatitis B infection. Only 25.6% had gone for a hepatitis B screening and just 33.0% had been vaccinated against HBV. Out of the 360 respondents, 97.2 %, 10 % and 24.4 % had good knowledge, positive attitudes and good practice, respectively. The students of health sciences had significantly better practice in hepatitis B than the students of business administration [1.89 (95% CI; 1.67 – 2.11) versus 1.46 (95% CI; 1.19 – 1.73); F = 3.072; p = 0.05]. The results of this study reveal that overall, undergraduate students of UNEC had good knowledge on hepatitis and hepatitis B but this translated neither to favourable attitudes nor good practices.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"66-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84058355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antihypertensive Activity of Aqueous Extract of Adhatoda Vasica in Hypertensive Rats. 水提物对高血压大鼠的降压作用。

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1204026368

S. Prasad, Sailesh Kumar Ghatuary, A. Sarathe, G. Dubey, K. Prajapati, R. Shinde

{"title":"Antihypertensive Activity of Aqueous Extract of Adhatoda Vasica in Hypertensive Rats.","authors":"S. Prasad, Sailesh Kumar Ghatuary, A. Sarathe, G. Dubey, K. Prajapati, R. Shinde","doi":"10.9790/3008-1204026368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1204026368","url":null,"abstract":"The present study involved the evaluation of effectiveness of aqueous extract of Adhatoda Vasica on blood pressure, Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure in the hypertensive rats. The result of present study was shown that the pretreatment with aqueous extract of adhatoda vasica (100, 200 & 400mg/Kg p.o) for six week and on the day of experiment after administration of aqueous extract of adhatoda Vasica (10, 20 & 40mg/kg i.v.) produced significant reduction in BP, SBP, DBP and MABP at different time interval in dose dependant manner. The positive control, Captopril at the dose of 1mg/kg was shown significant decrease in the elevated blood pressure in Goldblatt model. It reveals that antihypertensive effect observed for aqueous extract of adhatoda vasica in present study due to decrease rennin release and angiotensin II levels: AT1 and AT2 receptors antagonism: inhibition of aldosterone secreation: increased prostaglandin synthesis or inhibition of ACE that is involved in angiotensin II from angiotensin I. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: xx-xx-xxxx Date of acceptance: xx-xx-xxxx -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85365937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Transgenic Potato (Solanumtuberosum) Expressing Two Antifungal Thionin Genes Confer Resistance To Fusarium Spp. 表达两个抗真菌硫氨酸基因的转基因马铃薯(Solanumtuberosum)赋予对镰刀菌抗性。

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1204026979

I. Hammad, A. Abdel-Razik, E. Soliman, E. Tawfik

{"title":"Transgenic Potato (Solanumtuberosum) Expressing Two Antifungal Thionin Genes Confer Resistance To Fusarium Spp.","authors":"I. Hammad, A. Abdel-Razik, E. Soliman, E. Tawfik","doi":"10.9790/3008-1204026979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1204026979","url":null,"abstract":"Two thionin genes were isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (AT1G12660 and AT1G12663). The resulted thionin protein has antifungal activity against potato pathogenic fungi like Fusariumsolani and Fusariumoxysporum. These two thionin genes were respectively inserted into pEGAD vector. After that transformed into Agrobacterium tumifaceins GV3101::pMP90 in order to be transformed into the two potato cultivars (lady and spunta) using nodal cutting technique of tissue culture.Expressions of thionin transgenes in the transgenic plants were confirmed by RT-PCR. There were two assays were applied to test the role of thionins (in the transgenic potatoes) in resistance to the pathogenic fungi: effect of spore suspension on potato organs and the inhibitory effect of thionin proteins on spore germination.As the transgenic potato plant possesses active defense systems and can protect themselves from pathogenic invasion by secretion of a variety of small antifungal proteins such as thionins. The resulted transgenic potato cultivars were tested for fungal infection in comparing to control by using spore suspension on leaf and micro-tuber. The results showed that transgenic potato cultivars were highly resistant to the symptoms comparing to control.The other bioassay was studying the effect of the expressed thionin protein in the transgenic potato against the spore germination of both F. solani and F. oxysporum. There was obvious decrease in the number of the germinated spores comparing to control.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":"69-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82288254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Antimicrobial Activity of Seed Extracts from Albizia bernieri E. Fourn. (Fabaceae) 合欢种子提取物的抑菌活性研究。(豆科)

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1203067279

L. Randriamampianina, V. Razafintsalama, D. Rakoto, Hanitra Ranjana Randrianarivo, V. Jeannoda

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Seed Extracts from Albizia bernieri E. Fourn. (Fabaceae)","authors":"L. Randriamampianina, V. Razafintsalama, D. Rakoto, Hanitra Ranjana Randrianarivo, V. Jeannoda","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203067279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203067279","url":null,"abstract":"This work aimed at assessing the antimicrobial activity of Albizia bernieri seed extracts. Methanol extract (SME), alkaloids extracted under basic (Alk1) and acidic (Alk2) conditions, polar saponosides (Sap1) and less polar saponosides (Sap2) obtained by n-butanol fractionation were used. Their activities were tested against 9 pathogenic germs including 4 Gram (+) bacteria, 5 Gram (-) bacteria and 1 yeast using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. Regardless the method used to assess the antimicrobial activity, all extracts were efficient but their effects depended upon the germs tested. They all displayed a broad spectrum activity. Alkaloids were by far the most efficient with an excellent effect (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration or MIC<100μg/ml) against all germs tested. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Clostridium perfringens and Candida albicans were the most sensitive with MICs less than 10 μg/ml. SME and Sap 2 had moderate or low effects (MIC between 100 and 1000 μg/ml) and Sap1 was the less efficient (MIC ≥1000 μg/ml). All the extracts exerted bactericidal or fungicidal action on all sensitive germs. These preliminary results revealed antimicrobial activity of Albizia bernieri seeds that could be used to treat different infectious diseases and might lead to the development of pharmaceutical agents.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":"72-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82743935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Daturastramoniumpollen and it’s possible role in allergenic etiology- Recommendations for standardization of pollen extracts for ASIT 黄芪花粉及其在致敏病因学中的可能作用。ASIT花粉提取物标准化建议

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1203076269

Barnali Bera, S. Mondal, J. Kundu, A. Mondal

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Strains of E. Coli and Their Control 大肠杆菌临床菌株耐药情况及控制

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1204012833

J. Sujatha, P. Anusuya

{"title":"Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Strains of E. Coli and Their Control","authors":"J. Sujatha, P. Anusuya","doi":"10.9790/3008-1204012833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1204012833","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was to evaluate the isolates of antibiotic resistant E. coli in clinical samples and their control. A total of 50 E. coli strains were isolated from samples such as ENT, Pus and UTI. 5 different antibiotics were tested. 20% of the strains showed resistance to single antibiotic (AMP, AMX), whereas rest of the strains to 2-5 antibiotics (i.e.) AMP-AMX (6%); AMP-AMX-CXM (16%), AMP-AMX-CN (20%), AMPAMX-CN-CPD (20%), and AMP-AMX-CXM-CN-CPN (18%). MAR index for the isolates was found to be from 0.4-1.0. 4% of the strains showed a MAR index of 0.4 and 20% strains showed a MAR index of 1.0. The presence of ESBL production in various E.coli strains which was indicative through exhibition of resistance to first, second as well as third generation cephalosporin. Among 50 strains, 30 strains (60%) were observed to possess CTX type of β-lactamases. 62% of clinical strains were positive for haemolysis. Among them 20 (87%) of them were from UTI samples, 5 (29.41%) of them were from ENT samples and 6 (60%) of them were from Pus samples. Plasmid profile of the E.coli isolates was found to be >23kb. All the resistant strains tested against β-lactam antibiotics, lost resistance during plasmid curing.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89226393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecofloristic Diversity of Gopegarh – A Historic Place of Paschim Medinipur District of West Bengal 戈加尔的生态植物多样性——西孟加拉邦帕西姆梅迪尼普尔地区的一个历史地点

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1203077072

G. Bhakta

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Serum Lactate as Predictor of Morbidity and Mortality in Sepsis and Trauma Cases 评估血清乳酸作为败血症和创伤病例发病率和死亡率的预测因子

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1203070105

S. Umarani

引用次数: 0

A Study On Effects Of The Most Commonly Used Chemotherapeutic Drugs On Haematological Parametres. 常用化疗药物对血液学参数影响的研究。

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1204020110

P. Akshaya, R. Mounika, Reddy Sv, Chaudhary Gp, R. Srinivasan, Sanjeev Sharma

引用次数: 0

“Study And Assessment Of Drug-Drug Interactions In Hospitalised Patients In Quaternary Care Hospital” 《四级医院住院患者药物相互作用的研究与评价》

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.9790/3008-1204017175

M. BhavanaChowdary

引用次数: 1