{"title":"AC propulsion: the future for North American traction","authors":"R. Bowie","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289020","url":null,"abstract":"After many years of development and proven success in Europe, the switch is on to AC propulsion in North America. Transit authorities procuring and rehabilitating self-propelled transit vehicles and locomotives are now giving AC propulsion the consideration it deserves. The three-phase AC drive for transit applications has proven itself in the hundreds of systems operating in Europe. The first AC equipped vehicles supplied to the North American market are in reliable revenue service. The advantages of AC propulsion in terms of cost and performance have become recognized and widely publicized in the US. The driving forces behind this popularity are clear: low operating costs and increased reliability. Today, the initial cost of an AC propulsion system will likely be greater than or equal to that of a contemporary DC chopper system and definitely more than a switched resistance system. However, the additional cost of an AC system can be readily justified by giving proper consideration to the life cycle costs. The improved reliability and dramatically reduced maintenance required decrease the operating costs associated with the equipment after the initial procurement.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131721668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wireless advanced automatic train control","authors":"E. Nishinaga, J. A. Evans, G. Mayhew","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289024","url":null,"abstract":"Communication devices and network techniques are combined in a radio system under development to satisfy safety critical, operational requirements for train location and control in railroad and transit applications. Spread spectrum radios, installed on-board trains, at wayside locations, and at control stations, participate in a synchronous, time slotted network enabling location determination in conjunction with reliable transfer of control information. Simulations have shown that the benefits of this radio based advanced automatic train control system are appreciable reductions in operational headway, in energy consumption, and in elapsed time for consists to traverse their routes.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123879611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DC railway power network solutions by diakoptics","authors":"C. Goodman, L. K. Sin","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289015","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is concerned with the application of diakoptics to DC railway power network solutions for a railway system simulator. The technique of diakoptics involves tearing of a given system into a number of independent parts, then putting the solutions of the divided parts together to form the solution of the original problem. This is particularly appropriate to the solution of railway power supply networks as they are characterised by sections of essentially ladder-type networks infrequently cross-connected. Furthermore, the subnetworks themselves are slowly-evolving due to the existence of moving branches representing the trains. Thus, coupled with sparse matrix techniques, the approach can lead to highly efficient solution of complex railway power networks.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"13 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120878818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Load flow study and conceptual system design of SEPTA's regional rail division traction power system","authors":"T. Kneschke, J.P. Hong, W. Naqvi","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289017","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to develop a configuration of the modernized traction power supply system formerly owned by the Reading Railroad and recommend the most appropriate method for implementation of the proposed system. Load flow studies were performed to evaluate the system performance taking into account projected traffic density. Based on these studies, conceptual system design was performed which included development of procurement specifications for modern switchgear to be used in Wayne Junction and all autotransformer substations. In order to help realize the system modernization, an implementation plan spanning 12 years has been prepared. The plan identified issues to be resolved so that system modernization may proceed and included criteria for executing the system upgrade. Based on those criteria it was concluded that the system modernization should be performed with the following priorities: (1) the Wayne Junction substation modernization should be completed as soon as possible; (2) all existing autotransformer substations should be replaced; and (3) design and installation of additional static frequency converters will be required as the traffic approaches the projected density and the planned electrification extensions are realized. In order to help SEPTA with planning of the modernization program, budgetary construction costs for the new facilities were estimated. Combining the cost estimates and the 12-year implementation schedule, cash flow analyses were developed for present dollars and for dollars escalated to mid-point of construction of each facility.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131063468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to flange bearing crossing frogs /spl lsqb/railways/spl rsqb/","authors":"J. Gregory, J. Palmer","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289029","url":null,"abstract":"Increased axle loading has resulted in a corresponding increase in the maintenance work required on high angle manganese crossing frogs. The maintenance cycle is being reduced and the overall service life of manganese crossings is being shortened. The reality of heavy axle loading requires the railway industry to reassess basic crossing designs. There has been considerable improvements in the quality of turnout frogs. The focus on material integrity, manufacturing quality control, and rail hardness specification has produced Premium turnout frogs. These same factors along with specific design changes allow the production of Premium crossing frogs.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124178486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accurate track modelling for fault current studies on third-rail metro railways","authors":"M. Fracchia, R. Hill, P. Pozzobon, G. Sciutto","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289016","url":null,"abstract":"The use of a constant inductance and resistance model for rail track impedance in traction power system fault transient studies gives rise to inaccuracies due to the actual frequency dependency of the line. In this paper, an accurate frequency-dependent track model for a third-rail metro railway is described in which the track feeding impedance is synthesized from the self and mutual impedances and represented by a discrete-component linear circuit network. The model is used to simulate current rise in a third-rail traction system short-circuit fault. Results are given for short and long track section feeding lengths and show significant differences compared with a constant-parameter track model.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130154079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent developments in European high speed rail","authors":"A. B. Hazell","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289028","url":null,"abstract":"There have been significant advances recently in the uniting of Europe through the use of an integrated high speed rail system. This paper outlines the most recent occurrences in Europe, and gives an overall view of what is intended for the future high speed rail network. England, Germany, and France are the main subjects of this paper, although other countries are briefly reviewed. On September 16, 1987, the European Parliament adapted a resolution to develop a \"European High Speed Network\". Many countries are collaborating in an effort to make this network a reality. The tunnel between France and England under the English Channel is perhaps the most well known, however, France and Spain, Northern Europe and Italy are also joining forces to create a United Europe. The unification of Germany, and the break up of the Soviet Union have added many new challenges and opportunities for the high speed network in Europe. Some of these issues are addressed, as well as areas for future work.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126553475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wheel thermal damage limits","authors":"D. Stone, G. F. Carpenter","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289021","url":null,"abstract":"A series of dynamometer tests were conducted to determine the limiting power required to produce wheel thermal damage, or the neutralization of the as-manufactured rim circumferential residual compressive stresses. Dynomometer and saw-cut tests were conducted on low-stress heat-treated CE-28, CH-36 and CB-38 freight car wheels to determine the onset of damage. The effects of various combinations of time and brake shoe power inputs, as well as the effects of rim thickness and the presence of the rail wheel, on the resistance of wheels to thermal damage were investigated. The test results showed that the amount of brake shoe thermal input required to thermally damage heat-treated low-stress wheels is far in excess of that of normal brake application.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133845371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does a critical speed for railroad vehicles exist?","authors":"Hans True","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289013","url":null,"abstract":"The author discusses the definition and existence of a critical speed for the onset of hunting of railroad vehicles. First the field test situation is described. It is argued that the important problem is the determination of the forces and accelerations in the vehicle and the rails, which may be large even when the vehicle does not hunt. Next the author discusses the relevance of the critical speed in railway engineering. It is desirable to know the speed below which a vehicle will not hunt, since hunting is always connected with large wheel-rail forces. Next the modelling of railroad vehicles is discussed and the nonlinear aspects are emphasized. The author explains why it is necessary to reformulate the mathematical problem for calculation of the critical speed due to the nonlinear character of the modelling. It is suggested that another critical speed be defined for a railroad vehicle. It can be calculated without great effort using a well functioning simulation program. It yields a \"global\" criterion for the onset of hunting, in contrast to the linear stability criterion, which is still commonly used. The linear eigenvalue problem yields a bifurcation point, which in general will not be the lowest parameter value for existence of oscillating solutions in a nonlinear dynamical system. The author suggests the use of a \"nonlinear critical speed\" as an acceptance criterion for railroad vehicles.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116388430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineering tests performed on the X2000 and ICE high speed trainsets","authors":"E.J. Lombardi","doi":"10.1109/RRCON.1994.289027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RRCON.1994.289027","url":null,"abstract":"In 1992 and 1993, Amtrak evaluated two European high-speed trainsets in the Northeast Corridor, between Washington and New York, at speeds up to 162 mph (261 km/h). The X2000, a tilt-body train from Sweden, and the German InterCityExpress (ICE) were extensively evaluated to gain first-hand experience with state-of-the-art, high-speed trains on American track. The knowledge and experience realized from this program will be used to create a specification for an impending order for new trainsets. This paper discusses the test program and the preliminary groundwork necessary to perform these tests including waivers from the Federal Regulations. An overview of the engineering evaluations performed on both trainsets is presented, as well as a description of each of the major tests, along with the results.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":145407,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE/ASME Joint Railroad Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126359315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}