JAMA ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Text-to-Video Generation-A Cutting-Edge Generative AI Application.","authors":"Anam Akhlaq,T Y Alvin Liu","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness From Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study Optic Disc Photographs.","authors":"James C Liu,Alessandro A Jammal,Rafael Scherer,Douglas R da Costa,Michael Kass,Mae Gordon,Felipe A Medeiros","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1740","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceDeep learning predictions of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness derived from optic disc photographs may help to determine risk for development of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in patients with ocular hypertension.ObjectiveTo predict mean RNFL thickness from the optic disc photographs from the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS) and assess the utility of predicted RNFL thickness as a risk factor for the development of POAG.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis diagnostic study evaluated 3272 eyes from 1636 participants with ocular hypertension but without POAG at the time of enrollment in the OHTS 1 and 2 trials. The OHTS was a multicenter study, with OHTS 1 and OHTS 2 collectively extending from February 28, 1994, to December 30, 2008. Optic disc photographs, baseline demographics, and clinical examination findings were included in the analysis. An OCT-trained deep learning model (machine-to-machine [M2M] model) was used to generate predicted RNFL thicknesses from 66 714 optic disc photographs.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were factors (including predicted RNFL) that correlated with conversion to POAG from the OHTS cohort, identified by proportional hazards models.ResultsAmong 1444 participants with ocular hypertension from the OHTS cohort, mean (SD) age was 56.0 (9.5) years, and 833 participants (57.7%) were female. Mean (SD) baseline predicted RNFL was 94.1 (7.1) μm for eyes that converted to POAG and 97.1 (7.0) μm for eyes that did not convert to POAG (mean difference, 3.0; 95% CI, 2.2-3.8; P < .001). Predicted baseline RNFL was a predictor of conversion to POAG during follow-up in Cox proportional hazards models in univariable analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 1.97; 95% CI, 1.60-2.42; P < .001) and multivariable analysis (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.49-2.25; P < .001) per 10-μm thinner in predicted RNFL. Baseline age, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, pattern standard deviation, mean deviation, and cup-disc ratio remained predictors of conversion to POAG in both univariable and multivariable analysis. Longitudinal change in predicted RNFL (per 1-μm/year faster loss) was also a predictor of conversion to POAG (HR, 6.01; 95% CI, 3.33-10.64; P < .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this diagnostic study, baseline M2M-predicted RNFL thickness and longitudinal rate of change in predicted RNFL were putative risk factors for the development of glaucoma in patients with ocular hypertension. These findings support the utility of M2M-predicted RNFL thickness to assess baseline glaucoma risk and monitor for glaucoma progression.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of Fundus Fluorescein Angiography Videos for Health Care Data Sharing.","authors":"Xinyuan Wu,Lili Wang,Ruoyu Chen,Bowen Liu,Weiyi Zhang,Xi Yang,Yifan Feng,Mingguang He,Danli Shi","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1419","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceMedical data sharing faces strict restrictions. Text-to-video generation shows potential for creating realistic medical data while preserving privacy, offering a solution for cross-center data sharing and medical education.ObjectiveTo develop and evaluate a text-to-video generative artificial intelligence (AI)-driven model that converts the text of reports into dynamic fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) videos, enabling visualization of retinal vascular and structural abnormalities.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis study retrospectively collected anonymized FFA data from a tertiary hospital in China. The dataset included both the medical records and FFA examinations of patients assessed between November 2016 and December 2019. A text-to-video model was developed and evaluated. The AI-driven model integrated the wavelet-flow variational autoencoder and the diffusion transformer.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe AI-driven model's performance was assessed through objective metrics (Fréchet video distance, learned perceptual image patch similarity score, and visual question answering score [VQAScore]). The domain-specific evaluation for the generated FFA videos was measured by the bidirectional encoder representations from transformers score (BERTScore). Image retrieval was evaluated using a Recall@K score. Each video was rated for quality by 3 ophthalmologists on a scale of 1 (excellent) to 5 (very poor).ResultsA total of 3625 FFA videos were included (2851 videos [78.6%] for training, 387 videos [10.7%] for validation, and 387 videos [10.7%] for testing). The AI-generated FFA videos demonstrated retinal abnormalities from the input text (Fréchet video distance of 2273, a mean learned perceptual image patch similarity score of 0.48 [SD, 0.04], and a mean VQAScore of 0.61 [SD, 0.08]). The domain-specific evaluations showed alignment between the generated videos and textual prompts (mean BERTScore, 0.35 [SD, 0.09]). The Recall@K scores were 0.02 for K = 5, 0.04 for K = 10, and 0.16 for K = 50, yielding a mean score of 0.073, reflecting disparities between AI-generated and real clinical videos and demonstrating privacy-preserving effectiveness. For assessment of visual quality of the FFA videos by the 3 ophthalmologists, the mean score was 1.57 (SD, 0.44).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study demonstrated that an AI-driven text-to-video model generated FFA videos from textual descriptions, potentially improving visualization for clinical and educational purposes. The privacy-preserving nature of the model may address key challenges in data sharing while trying to ensure compliance with confidentiality standards.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representation Issues in Ophthalmology Prior to Medical School-Reply.","authors":"Saba S Paracha,Michael E Migliori","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1701","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Semaglutide and NAION Reviewed.","authors":"David C Klonoff,Saurabh Gombar","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1823","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representation Issues in Ophthalmology Prior to Medical School.","authors":"Christine Xu,Melody Y Hou,Glenn Yiu","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1698","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Semaglutide and NAION Reviewed-Reply.","authors":"Cindy X Cai,John Chen","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1826","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic Disc Photographs to RNFL Thickness-From Subjective to Objective.","authors":"Jithin Yohannan","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent Diplopia Following Resolution of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.","authors":"Noppachai Siranart,Prakit Anukoolwittaya","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1847","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Semaglutide and NAION Reviewed.","authors":"Flora Lum","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1829","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}