Buletin Plasma Nutfah最新文献

{"title":"Morphological Similarity Analysis of Elite Rice Varieties Released in 1980–2011","authors":"T. Sitaresmi, N. Yunani, Nafisah Nafisah, Satoto Satoto, A. Daradjat","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P31-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P31-42","url":null,"abstract":"High acceptance of farmer to variety with have similar to IR64 type has led to almost all new varieties always be assessed based on their degree of similarity with IR64. Closely relations between elite upland varieties may contribute to the stagnation of yield potential and also give the impact un-durable of the resistance to pest and diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate the morphology similarity kinship characters of elite rice varieties which were released from 1980 to 2011. The study was conducted in September–January 2012 in Indonesian Center for Rice Research field experiment. The material consisted of 46 rice varieties representing the released varieties from 1980–2011. The material was grown in 2 m × 5 m of plot size with 3 replications. Observations were conducted on qualitative and quantitative characters based on UPOV descriptors. Data were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis. Principal component analysis revealed 40 components with 79,86% of cumulative variation that was used to determine the genetic relationship by cluster analysis. Based on the principal component analysis and cluster analysis, irrigated rice varieties released before and in 2000 and after 2008 (Inpari group) tend to be one big group and have a high phenotypic similarity. While the upland rice varieties tend to spread or were grouped in small groups. This high similarity suggested that the irrigated rice varieties have a close genetic relationship, which is derived from Ciherang or IR64.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128092980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tillers Diversity on One Hundred Accessions of Upland Rice Germplasm","authors":"H. Afza, Y. N. Andarini, L. Herlina","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P9-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P9-18","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of local upland rice germplasm as genetic resources for important and potentially traits can be implemented if their characteristics have been known. Plant growth characters such as plant tillering will determine the levels of productivity of the plant. Tillering character has not been much characterized in most rice accession collected in BB Biogen genebank. The objective of this research was to characterize tillering type, including primary, secondary, and tertiary of 100 accessions of local upland rice. The Experiment was carried out by planting 100 local varieties of upland rice grown in pots with three replications in the greenhouse. The type of tiller that is marked with a string of different colors from early emergence was observed. Numbers of primary, secondary and tertiary tillers of the upland rice tested were observed at the age of two months and ripening stage. Grouping rice germplasm tested was implemented through average linkage cluster analysis method with Euclidean distance. The diversity of number tertiary tillers character at maturity stage was showed the highest diverse compared with other characters. Ketan Hitam and Ketan Salome are the two upland rice accessions that have the highest number of tillers.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133233707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Character Variability of Javanese Local Taro [Colocasia esculenta] Germplasm","authors":"Y. N. Andarini, A. Risliawati","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P63-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P63-76","url":null,"abstract":"Taro (Colocasia esculenta) is a plant that has been long cultivated in Indonesia, which belongs to Colocasia genus and Araceae family. Taro has an ecological uniqueness, which can grow in an extreme condition such as on submergence area, saline soil, and shaded areas. In Indonesia, Java Island is the main concentrated area of taro plantation. This research aimed to investigate the variability of local taro germplasm from Java Island based on morphological character. A total of 164 accessions were planted in Pacet Field Experimental and were observed for its morphological characters, i.e. root and plant type, leaves, and corm characters. The Javanese taro local genetic resources indicated variation in some of its plant type characteristic and corm as well as several of leaves character. A total of 17 accessions were identified as a unique collection. The identification of suspected duplicate accessions within the collection may be strengthened further by molecular characterization in order to provide more accurate information regarding the genetic variability of taro collection.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117274829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance Response of Maize Germplasm to Downy Mildew [Peronosclerospora philipinensis]","authors":"S. Pakki, Mappaganggang Mappaganggang","doi":"10.21082/blpn.v24n1.2018.p43-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/blpn.v24n1.2018.p43-52","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments to study responses of resistance of maize germplasm to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora philipinensis) have been conducted. Both experiments were arranged in randomized block design with two replication. The treatments in each experiment (2014 and 2016) were 70 maize accessions. The accessions were planted in planting distant of 75 cm × 20 cm, in 5 m rows, resulting in 20 plants per row. In every 10 rows, two check varieties were planted, i.e. one susceptible and one resistant variety. Ten days prior to planting, the soil was fertilized with mixed fertilizers consisted of urea, ZA, SP36, and KCl at a dose of 100, 100, 100, and 100 kg/ha, respectively. Fertilization II and III was given at 30 days after planting, and 45 days after planting with a dose of 100 kg urea/ha. As a source of inoculum downy mildew, around the repeated plot was planted with varieties Anoman variety (susceptible variety) that was inoculated with a suspension of downy mildew pathogen. Observation was conducted at 25, 35, and 55 days after planting, with the standard score of resistant to downy mildew, followed: 0–10% = resistant, 11–25% = moderately resistant, 26–50% = moderately susceptible, >50% = susceptible. The result of the experiments showed that there were 5 accessions resistant to downy mildew (P. philipinensis), i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-30-3, 664, 60, 572, and 554 with the intensity of downy mildew infection ranged from 5 to 10%. Twelve other accessions were classified as moderately resistant, i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-98-2, 440×MR4-9-98-4 CML, CML 440×MR4-9-124-1, 66, 71, 319, 108, 73, 48, 105, 554, and 682 with intensity of infection ranged from 13 to 25%. At the same experiments, the average intensity of downy mildew infection on susceptible check varieties reached 100 percent.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123208307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Morphology and Quality Character Determinant of Local Cassava [Manihot esculenta Crantz] Germplasm from West Sumatra","authors":"N. Devy, A. A. Syarif, Aryawaita Aryawaita","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P53-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P53-62","url":null,"abstract":"Local germplasm of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) have an economic potential important for West Sumatra community. The local cassava has high morphological diversity. To distinguish different type of cassava, identification of morphology and tuber quality were required. The objective of this research was to identify morphology and tuber quality determinant characters of West Sumatra local Cassava. An analysis was performed on ten local cassava originated from four districts of West Sumatra and three other released varieties. Morphological characterization was performed based on InternationalInstitute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) standard descriptors, whereas physical and chemical analyses were carried out in the Agricultural Product Technology Laboratory at University of Andalas, Padang. The research was conducted at Sukarami Experimental Station, Solok Regency in March 2015–February 2016. Morphological characters and data quality were first analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA analysis resulted 4 major component axes contributing to a total diversity of 78, 83, and 81.3% on plant morphology, tuber quality, and morphology and tuber color, respectively. Based on thosediversities, the thirteen varieties of cassava could be grouped into six clusters. Special characters that distinguishing between groups was the number of lobes, leaf stem length, shoot color, and leaf width. Meanwhile, based on its chemical content and morphology of tubers, the cassavas were grouped into five clusters, with the distinguishing characters were carbohydrate content, protein content, and tuber color. The varieties that have the highest weight of the tuber/plant were Kuning and Roti 2, with a production of 203–380% higher than the released varieties. On their tubers, varieties that had the lowest levels of HCN were Tangkai Merah-1, Dumai, and Roti 2, whereas those with starch content >35% were Sanjai Padang Jariang, Jurai Merah, Kuning, Roti 2, and Hijau Pesisir Selatan. Each variety has its own specific morphological characters, tuber morphology, and chemical composition.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131153236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Local Rice, Pegagan (Siputih) on Lowland Swamp Agroecosystems in South Sumatra","authors":"K. Kodir, Y. Juwita, P. Sasmita","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V24N2.2018.P77-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V24N2.2018.P77-82","url":null,"abstract":"The Pegagan rice (Siputih) is one of local rice lowland specific in South Sumatra. This rice is rarely grown by farmers. Identification was carried out at lowland Agroecosystem in Ogan Komering Ilir Distric of South Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to characterize on morphological and agronomic characters. The study was conducted by planting and observing the local rice Pegagan (Siputih) which collected from five different districts (Tanjung Raja, Indralaya, Jejawi, SP Padang, and Kayuagung). All materials were tested using Randomized Block Design Complete with four replications. Each plot size 5 m × 5 m, number of seeds/holes 2–3 rod, a spacing of 25 cm × 25 cm. The characterization was done based on Rice Characterization and Evaluation Guide of the National Commission for Rice Germplasm. Morphological characters were presented in qualitative data and analyzed by Mode (Mo) analysis, while the agronomic characters were showed on quantitative data and analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The observation and analysis were indicated that the five local rice Pegagan (Siputih) which collected from 5 different district were showed no diversity, both on morphology and agronomic characters. Paralele on characterization planting, roughing was done and detected 0.15% mixed with others varieties and 1.85% plant have the deviation characters.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128885895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}