Buletin Plasma Nutfah最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of In Vitro Culture Medium for Conservation of Chrysanthemum Varieties under Different Storage Environment","authors":"Lia Sanjaya, B. Marwoto, K. Budiarto","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V25N1.2019.P33-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V25N1.2019.P33-42","url":null,"abstract":"In vitro technique for conservation of genetic resources of chrysanthemum was developed through the application of selected medium under different storage conditions. The research was conducted from June 2014 to October 2016. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design which consisted of three chrysanthemum varieties and seven medium formulations and maintained in two storage conditions, i.e. low-temperature and ambient room conditions. The results showed that plantlet of all varieties conserved under ½ MS + 6% sucrose had higher survivals and slighter death rates after 4, 7, and 9 months. Lowtemperature condition provided more suitable circumstances for the respected medium to preserve the plantlet life during 9 months of in vitro storage. Under these conditions, the plantlet survivals ranged 51.3–66.3%. While among the chrysanthemum varieties, Monalisa had highest plantlet survivals than Merahayani and Town Talk.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"45 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133237872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Potential Local Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta L) from Papua as Alternative of Staple Food","authors":"M. Sabda, H. S. Wulanningtyas, Mariana Ondikeleuw, Y. Baliadi","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V25N1.2019.P25-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V25N1.2019.P25-32","url":null,"abstract":"Papua has very diverse genetic resources such as “gembili”. Gembili has a high spiritual and cultural value especially in Kanum tribe in Merauke. The purpose of this activity was to characterize and conserve the local gembili from Papua to provide basic information for breeding purposes. Another objective was to identify the potency of gembili as a staple food alternative for substituting the rice. Characterization was performed on eight accessions of local gembili from Papua which were explored from Merauke and Jayapura. The twenty eights characters of leaves, stems, and tubers were observed on eight accessions from Merauke and Jayapura Regency. Based on this activity there was no difference in the appearance of seven character leaves of thirteen characters observed. The appearances of gembili stems on all the observed characters were generally the same. Furthermore, theappearance of tubers on ten characters showed different results. Seven accessions had the shapes of oval tubers while Orofe accession had oblong circular shape. The outer skin color of the tubers in general was brown, while the colors of the epidermis and tuber meat were varied, i.e. white (white, white-yellow, white-purple) and purple (violet, purple, red-purple). Yara Hasai accession had the highest number and weight of tubers compared to other accessions. The carbohydrates in gembili almost the same or morewith carbohydrates found in rice, which is 22.5–31.3%. In other words, gembili had potential as a staple food substitute for rice because of its nutritional contents.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128966525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinant Factors of Successful Ex Situ Conservation of Lesser Bird of Paradise [Paradisaea minor Shaw, 1809]","authors":"K. Cita, J. B. Hernowo, B. Masy’ud","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V25N1.2019.P13-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V25N1.2019.P13-24","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the population of the lesser bird of paradise (Paradisaea minor Shaw, 1809) has been decreasing due to illegal hunting, illegal trading, and habitat destruction. Meanwhile, ex situ conservation efforts of this bird are lacked and very low in the success of breeding. The aims of this research were to identify and analyze the component that determines the successful ex situ conservation of the lesser bird of paradise. The study was conducted from March until May 2016 in the TMII Bird Park, Mega Bird and Orchid Farm (MBOF), Ragunan Zoo, Bandung Zoo, and Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation (AWWP) in Qatar. Dataincluded an internal and external biological aspect of species, captive breeding technique, and social aspect, and were analyzed by Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The statistical analysis resulted that there were five determinant factors of successful ex situ conservation of lesser bird of paradise which the first determinant factors were maturity, diet, and ability of animal keeper.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126482851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic Characterization and the Resistance of Local Peanuts from West Nusa Tenggara to Bacterial Wilt Disease [Ralstonia solanacearum]","authors":"E. Widiastuti, Muji Rahayu, F. Zulhaedar","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V25N1.2019.P1-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V25N1.2019.P1-12","url":null,"abstract":"West Nusa Tenggara Barat has local peanuts that can be used as a source of germplasm, i.e. Bima, Pelat, and Lombok Utara. The productivity of peanut is greatly influenced by the attack of pests/diseases, like bacterial wilt disease. Bacterial wilt is one of the major diseases that can reduce peanut production up to 60% and one of the control mechanisms that can be used is local varieties that are resistant to bacterial wilt disease. This research aimed to evaluate the resistance of local peanut from West Nusa Tenggara to bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) and to characterize the phenotype of the peanuts. The field research was conducted in the Genetic Resources Field Collection located in Narmada Experimental Field, on January until April 2016. The research method used was randomized complete block design (RCBD) single factorial with 9 replications, thus totally 27 plots were used. Three varieties of peanuts were evaluated, i.e two local varieties (Pelat Sumbawa and Lokal KLU) and Kelinci variety as control. The results showed that the pods and seeds were the main traits that distinguish Lokal KLU and Pelat varieties. The Lokal KLU had medium size pods with a weight of 100 seeds of 48.96 g, while Pelat and Kelinci had very large pod sizes with a weight of 100 seeds of 42.45  and 32.92 g, respectively, thus they were a potential high yielding plants. Lokal KLU had resistance to bacterial wilt compared to Kelinci that was medium resistant and Pelat that was susceptible to bacterial wilt disease.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134474593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthocyanin Content Characterization on Pigmented Local Rice as Genetic Resources of Functional Food","authors":"K. Dwiatmini, H. Afza","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V24N2.2018.P125-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V24N2.2018.P125-134","url":null,"abstract":"Local varieties of pigmented rice are highly valuable genetic resources as a functional food in the future. Pigmented rice contains anthocyanins which function as nutrient bioactive components, called antioxidants. The aim of this research was to characterize anthocyanin content on 27 accessions of pigmented local rice, 2 varieties of released red rice varieties (Aek Sibundong and Inpari24), and 1 control varieties of white rice, Ciherang. The content of anthocyanin was analyzed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with cyanidin-3-glucoside as a standard. The results showed that local rice Aen Metan and Melik had the highest anthocyanin content were reached 0.7953 mg/g and 0.7806 mg/g. These content were higher than 2 released red rice varieties, Aek Sibundong and Inpari 24 which had anthocyanin content reached 0.6496 mg/g and 0.4423 mg/g, respectively. Aen Metan and Melik were local black rice varieties and frequently have used as a parent in the breeding program. The white rice as control, Ciherang was showed the lowest anthocyanin content. Four pigmented local rice, Baliman Putih, Sari Kuning, Karamanting, and Iden had higher anthocyanin content than the two released red rice breeding varieties.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"487 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123057346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inventory and Characterization of Local Taro Genetic Resources in North Toraja","authors":"E. Septianti, Sahardi Sahardi","doi":"10.21082/blpn.v24n2.2018.p115-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/blpn.v24n2.2018.p115-124","url":null,"abstract":"Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) has been cultivated and used as an alternative food in Toraja. Local taro of North Toraja has high genetic diversity, nevertheless, they have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to inventorying and characterizing the morphological characters of local taro from North Toraja, that could be a key component for registered and maintained as a wealth of local genetic resources. The study was conducted in North Toraja District which includes highland areas in Parodo Baruppu Village, Baruppu District and lowland areas in Mantirotiku Village, Rantepao District. Each region was selected based on initial surveys which showed that these areas were taro cultivation areas. The study was conducted from April to June 2016. Samples were selected based on purposive sampling method and were descriptively observed in-situ in the field on their optimum growth performance. Five local taro varieties were successfully inventoried from survey activities, namely Upe Ungu, Upe Kuning, Upe Putih, Monggo, and Bite. Those taros have similar characters on the shape and leave color but varied on the size and flesh fibre color of the corm. Local taro from North Toraja is widely used as snacks or vegetables as rice substitution. The advantage of North Toraja local taro is easy to cultivate and also has a savory taste, soft, good fragrant aroma, the corm skin after being boiled is very easy to peel, and the texture of the corm is smooth. The price of this local taro is quite expensive because of still difficult to find and have not been widely cultivated.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129739147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation of Pigment and Anthocyanin Content of Local Black Rice from Yogyakarta on Two Altitude","authors":"Kristamtini Kristamtini, E. W. Wiranti, S. Sutarno","doi":"10.21082/blpn.v24n2.2018.p97-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/blpn.v24n2.2018.p97-102","url":null,"abstract":"There are several types of local black rice with different quality which well known in Yogyakarta. However, the altitude location affect to the quality and pigmentation of local black rice remains were unknown. The objectives of this research was to determine the variation of rice pigmentation and total anthocyanin content of Yogyakarta local black rice which planted on two differentaltitudes location. This study was conducted from February to December 2015 with the experimental design using factorial experiment. The first factor is seven local black rice varieties from Yogyakarta (G) and second factor is two different altitude locations: lowlands (26 m asl) of Gulon, Sri Hardono, Pundong, Bantul (A1), and in medium lands (462 m asl) of Padasan, Pakembinangun, Pakem, Sleman (A2). The total anthocyanin content and rice pigmentation were observed. Three color variables for rice pigmentation, i.e. lightness (L*), greenness (a*), and yellowness (b*) were measured by Chroma Meter, Konica Minolta– Minolta CM-2006. The results showed that there was diversity on pigmentation and total anthocyanin content in the black rice grown at different altitude. Local variety Tugiyo Umur Panjang has any anthocyanin highest in the low altitude location (Bantul), while local variety Sembada Hitam was showed the highest anthocyanin at the height of the medium (Sleman). A positivesignificant correlation was found among color variables, i.e. lightness (L*), greenness (a*), and yellowness (b*) and there was a negative significant correlation between total anthocyanin content and L*, a*, and b* color variables.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121357314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Probiotic Candidate to Overcome the Salmonellosis in Broiler","authors":"S. Chotiah, R. Damayanti","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V24N2.2018.P89-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V24N2.2018.P89-96","url":null,"abstract":"can endanger human health if they contain antibiotic residues in livestock products that can cause resistance to germs in the human body when consuming them. Along with the enactment of a policy to limit the use of antibiotics in animal feed, the use of probiotics as a substitute is urgently needed. This research has been conducted in the Research Center for Veterinary Science inorder to produce probiotic candidates to control the growth of Salmonella sp in chickens that have the potential to pollute the environment and cause foodborne disease. Research on probiotics in chicken has conducted in Indonesian Research Center for Veterinary Science in order to produce probiotic candidates to control the growth of Salmonella sp. in chicken that potentially contaminated the environment causing foodborne disease. The present study aims to evaluate the probiotic potential of indigenous bacteria isolated from cattle in Bogor and select candidates to be used as probiotic. The study was initiated by screening localisolates for probiotic, following by inhibition test against a target of pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella enterica serotype of Typhimurium B0046/ATCC 13311 and serotype of Enteritidis B2893/ATCC 13076), pathogenicity in vitro, survival in thechicken gut, and the lifespan in the lyophilized container. The results showed that six isolates bacteria consisting of Aerococcus viridans B2776, Bifidobacterium dentium B2754 and B2755, Enterococcus faecium B2758, Lactobacillus casei B2752, and Streptococcus uberis B2757 had been selected as the candidate for probiotics. They had specifications namely: anti-microbialsubstance (in vitro) against S. enterica serotype Typhimurium BCC B0046 and serotype Enteritidis BCC B2893, not pathogenic, able to form colonies in intestinal broilers for 40 days with concentrations of >1010 CFU/gram with lifespan up to one year (lyophilized), using protectant serum of inositol 5% or 7,5% skim milk at 5C with concentrations >log10 CFU/ml. The potentialcharacteristics qualified them as probiotics against pathogenic bacteria and could be used to control salmonellosis in the broiler.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132528624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenicity of Entomopathogenic Nematode on Sugarcane White Grub Lepidiota stigma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)","authors":"I. Indrayani, S. Subiyakto, Chaerani Chaerani","doi":"10.21082/blpn.v24n2.2018.p83-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/blpn.v24n2.2018.p83-88","url":null,"abstract":"Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is one of high-value commodities in Indonesia for producing sugar. Sugarcane production recently reduced due to insect pests attacked, mainly white grub Lepidiota stigma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Utilization of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) is one of the alternative control methods for sugarcane white grub. The aim of the presentstudy was to select the higher pathogenicity of EPN isolates for controlling the sugarcane insect pest. The study was conducted in Insect Pathology Laboratory of Indonesia Sweeteners and Fiber Crops Research Institute. Nine isolates of EPN, e.g. DKS-1, AGH-1, DKH-1, DKH-5, NH-1, NH-2, PH-1, PH-2, and PH-4 and one untreated control were tested for their pathogenicity against sugarcane white grub, L. stigma. Each treatment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Every treatment consisted of 30 individuals of the third instar of white grub which treated by 2 × 104 infective juvenile or IJ of EPNisolates. Parameter observed was the mortality of sugarcane white grub, L. stigma. The result showed that all of EPN isolates tested were promising pathogenic against the white grub with about 10 to 80% of the average percentage of mortality. However, DKS-1 and PH-1 showed more pathogenic against L. stigma with about 80–90% and 70–80% of white grub mortality,respectively. The highest enhancement of white grub mortality occurred at 72 hours after treatment and it was showed by DKS-1 and PH-1 isolates which increased the percentage of white grub mortality about 57.1 and 50%, respectively. Obtaining the promising isolates of NPS with different host seeking strategies will potentially increase the effectivity of control against whitegrub with the result to increase the yield of sugarcane.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128087284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity and Yield Quality of Intersubspecies Crossing of Japonica-Indica","authors":"Sobrizal Sobrizal, Carkum Carkum, W. M. Indriatama, A. Aryanti, I. Dwimahyani","doi":"10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P19-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/BLPN.V24N1.2018.P19-30","url":null,"abstract":"In the middle of 1980s, rice self-sufficiency in Indonesia has been achieved, but the growth of rice production slowed down since the 1990s. Narrow genetic variability of released rice varieties contributed largely to the occurrence of leveling of potential rice yield over the past decades. To enlarge the genetic variability, an intersubspecies crossing of Koshihikari (japonica) and IR36 (indica) has been performed. Through this crossing, three high yielding and high yield quality promising lines of KI 37, KI 238, and KI 730 have been obtained. The objective of this study was to evaluate the superiorities of these lines through multi-location yield trials, pests, diseases, and grain qualities examinations. Examination methods used followed the release food crops variety procedure issued by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. The result of examinations showed that the average yield of KI 730 was 7.47 t/ha, it was significantly higher than that of Ciherang (6,73 t/ha). KI 730 has a good grain quality, with translucent milled rice, a high percentage of milled rice (78.0%) and head rice (91.01%). The texture of its cooking rice was soft, sticky, with the amylose content of 20.41%. In addition, pests and diseases resistances of KI 730 were better than those of other lines tested. After evaluation by National Food Crops Release Variety Team, the KI 730 line was released as a national superior variety with the name of Tropiko. Tropiko should become an alternative variety to grow widely in order to increase national rice production and farmers income.","PeriodicalId":145068,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Plasma Nutfah","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116924699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}