IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A Study of Cervical Cytological Changes in Hiv Positive Patients","authors":"Dr. Maruthi Devi Karri, Dr. Sudhakar Ghanta, Dr. Padmavathi Devi Chaganti, Dr. Sailabala Garikaparthi","doi":"10.9790/0853-1606123948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1606123948","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gynaecological conditions are extremely common among women infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. These include pelvic inflammatory disease, Sexually Transmitted Diseases like syphilis, Herpes, Cytomegalo virus, Vulvovaginal Candidiasis etc. Objectives: The purpose of the study is to characterize the cervical cytological changes in HIV seropositive women. Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study was based on 200 patients with HIVinfection /AIDS, who attended the department of pathology and Gynaecology , Guntur medical college,Guntur. Results: The study revealed maximum number of inflammatory smears (81.3%), followed by smears showing squamous intra epithelial lesion (13.82%). Conclusion: PAP smear can be recommended as a part of routine medical examination in gynaecological practice as it is a simple, cost effective, low risk procedure.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"115 1","pages":"39-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77360503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Increase Of Tooth Enamel Hardness Score After Cow Milk Immersion Compared To Artificial Saliva On Demineralized Tooth","authors":"Yendriwati Yendriwati, RizkaMalisa Sinaga","doi":"10.9790/0853-1606130610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1606130610","url":null,"abstract":"Soft drinks and fruit juices with lower acidic pH have become popular beverages in communities. Acidic beverages resulting demineralization on tooth cause a decrease of enamel hardness. In oral cavity, demineralized tooth is rescued by the buffering capacity of saliva as well as by drinking milk to accelerate tooth enamel remineralization. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of enamel hardness score on tooth immersed in artificial saliva and cow milk. The present study was an experimental laboratory with pre and post test design. Thirty two maxillary first premolars were collected and randomly divided into 2 groups, with 16 samples each immersed in artificial saliva and cow milk. Samples were immersed in acidic solution for 5 min prior to exposing to cow milk (group 1) or artificial saliva (group 2) for 5 min twice a day until day3. Enamel hardness score was measured as follows : pre-treatment, post demineralization stage, and post treatment at day1 and day3 by Microvickers Hardness Tester. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and one way ANOVA. There was a significant difference (p=0,000) on enamel hardness score of group 1 at day1 (324,39±20.35 VHN) and day3 (354,80±21.09 VHN), as well as group 2 at day1 (308,06±15,94 VHN) and day3 (322,18±16.94 VHN). Tooth enamel hardness on group 1 was significantly different to group 2 both at day1 (p=0,018) and day3 (p=0,000). Those results suggest that artificial saliva and cow milk are able to increase the enamel hardness score. However, the efficacy of cow milk to augment the tooth enamel hardness is much higher than of artificial saliva is.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"06-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88697438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Marrow Study in Patients of Pancytopenia","authors":"Dr.Sapna Dhakad, S. Iyengar, Bharat Jain","doi":"10.9790/0853-160702109113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-160702109113","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pancytopenia is defined as reduction in all three major componpents of blood,results from number of disease processes. Pancytopenia develops by varieties of mechanism, due to decrease in haematopoeitic cell production as a result of destruction of marrow by toxins suppression of normal growth and differentiation. Patients present with anaemia leucopenia and thrombocytopenia Material And Methods: This is study done retrospectively of 80 patients from january 2015 to december 2016(2 year study), presenting with pancytopenia, in central pathology lab of Gajra Raja medical College Gwalior in which both peripheral smear and bone marrow of same patient is examined aftre staining with leishman stain under low and high magnification and all haematological parameters were seen. Bone marrow is evaluated for cellularity,erythropoiesis,myelopoiesis,megakaryopoiesis and other cells. Results: Among 80 cases studied,age of patients ranged from 1 to 70 with male to female ratio 2:1. Maximum number of cases were found in in the age group of 1 – 15yrs(62.5%) 15-35(25%) and >35 yrs(12.5%).most of the patients (>80%) had haemoglobin less than 5 grams,.more than 60% had mcv more than 100fml.In bone marrow studies we have found that myeloid series is suppressed in more than 60%patients and its normal in other patients.Myeloid erythroid ratio is suppressed in 70%of the cases.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"109-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89843852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Study of Sfrp2 And Β-Catenin With Colorectal Carcinogenesi","authors":"Youquan Shi, Yang Chong, Qingquan Xiong, Yuqin Huang, Huaicheng Zhou, Qi Zhang, Zhixiang Jin, D. Tang, Daorong Wang","doi":"10.9790/0853-1607026774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1607026774","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90299045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty in severe restenosis of the mitral valve: Analysis of factors affecting the short term outcomes – A single center experience","authors":"Srinivas Bhyravavajhala, K. Ravella, S. Yerram, S. Akula, D. Rao","doi":"10.9790/0853-1607022734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1607022734","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is still a major problem in developing countries, with mitral stenosis being the most frequent manifestation. Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty has emerged as the procedure of choice in most patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis. Late recurrence of symptoms after the procedure is mostly related to mitral restenosis. A few reports are available about percutaneous valvuloplasty in restenosis of the mitral valve, but factors predicting the outcomes are not clear. In this study we tried to explore clinical characters and short term out-comes of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty in symptomatic severe mitral restenosis. Materials and methods: Thirty five consecutive inpatients who underwent percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) for symptomatic and severe mitral restenosis after previous surgery or valvuloplasty were included in this single center prospective study. Comprehensive transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic examination was done and mitral valve morphology was assessed. To define more accurately the relation between the mechanism of restenosis and the immediate results of repeat PBMV, we focused on commissural morphology and sub classified patients into 2 groups: patients with bilateral fused commissures and patients with either unilateral or bilateral split commissures. PBMV was done according to standard technique. Procedural success was defined as an increase of 50% of mitral valve area or a final area of 1.5cm 2 , with no more than one grade increment in MR severity assessed by echocardiography 24 hours after the procedure. Patients with persistent left atrial or left atrial appendage thrombus, more than moderate mitral regurgitation(MR), severe or bicommissural calcification, severe concomitant aortic valve disease, severe organic tricuspid stenosis, severe concomitant coronary artery disease requiring bypass surgery and severe subvalve disease were excluded from the study. Results: A total of 35 patients were enrolled into the study (mean age 37.51±10.29 years). Of these 35 patients, 22 (62.8%) were males and 13 (37.14%) were females. patients were divided into two groups as group 1 (bilaterally fused commissure ) and group 2 (one split commissure) Bilateral fused commisures were in 7 patients and either of commissure was split in remaining 28 patients. Mean age of the study population was 37.51±10.29 years. Mean mitral valve area was 1.02±0.15 (cm 2 ) and 1.07±0.19 (cm 2 ) in either commissure split and bilateral fused commisures groups respectively (p =0.23). Mean mitral valve gradient, peak mitral valve gradient, systolic pulmonary artery pressure and LA size were not statistically significant between two groups. LA thrombus was absent in both the groups. average Post PTMC mitral valve area in bilateral fused commisures group was 1.77±0.09 cm 2 and in either of commissure split group was 1.52±0.42 cm 2 (p =0.001). Mean mitral valve gradients were 5.04±1.69","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84674452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Post Operative Analgesia with Epidural Tramadol, Fentanyl And Buprenorphine","authors":"Lokesh Naik, B. Rao, .. R.PanduNaik","doi":"10.9790/0853-160603139146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-160603139146","url":null,"abstract":"Aim : To compare postoperative analgesia among epidural Tramadol, Fentanyl & Buprenorphine over first 24 hours in terms of onset of analgesia, duration, quality of analgesia, number of doses, haemodynamic parameters, respiratory rate and side effects. Methods And Materials: This study was a prospective comparative randomized study. After ethical committee approval a total of 60 patients undergoing elective lower limb or lower abdominal surgeries : were divided into three groups (Group T, Group F and Group B) of twenty each. All the patients were premedicated with Tab. Alprazolam 0.25 mg at 10pm night before surgery and Tab.Ranitidine 150 mg at 7am on day of surgery . Results. The demographic profile (age wise and weight wise distribution) was comparable in all the three groups. The onset of analgesia was shortest (3.75 ± 0.36 min) in fentanyl group followed by tramadol (7.76 ± 0.65 min) and buprenorphine (13.98 ± 1.46 min) groups which is statistically significant. The duration of analgesia was 232.25 ± 19.15 min in fentanyl group, 434.75 ± 33.61 min in tramadol group and 1094 ± 27.29 min in buprenorphine group which is statistically significant. The number of doses required in fentanyl group are 6.7 ± 0.7, tramadol group are 4.0 ± 0.0 and buprenorphine group are 2.0 ± 0.0. The quality of analgesia which was assessed using VAS score showed that the score was less than 1 in all the groups during 24hrs of study period. The changes in systolic blood pressures recorded at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 18 and 24 hrs among the three groups were statistically not significant. The increase observed at 6 and 7 hrs in tramadol and fentanyl groups compared with buprenorphine group was statistically significant which can be explained based on shorter duration of action of tramadol and fentanyl leading to wearing of the analgesic effect. Respiratory rate showed no significant changes at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 18 and 24 hrs among the three groups statistically. The decrease in respiratory rate in buprenorphine group compared to tramadol and fentanyl groups was statistically significant at 6 and 7 hrs. Conclusion: With advent of newer opioids with fewer side effects, the search for appropriate opioid for epidural administration to provide postoperative pain relief still continues. With the introduction of infusion pump in postoperative ward further research can be directed towards patient controlled analgesia and continuous","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"139-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75659972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiomyofibroblastoma Arising From The Pouch of Douglas: A Rare Case Report (16 Bold)","authors":"Dr H. S. Kumar, A. Heroor, Arul Vanan, P. Pawar","doi":"10.9790/0853-1606125860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1606125860","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) is a rare soft-tissue tumor that most frequently affects the lower genital tracts of young to middle-aged women. These tumors commonly involve the vulva, perineum, vagina, uterine cervix but only rarely occur in the pelvis or retroperitoneum and rarely the inguinoscrotal regions of men. No case till date reported of AMF that originated from POD. To our knowledge, only FIVE cases of pelvic AMF have been reported at least so far. Case Report: A 44 years old woman presented with intermittent dysuria & UTI since 1 year. Her medical history was unremarkable. Her menstrual cycle was regular, painless, not have dysmenorrhoea or menorrhagia. A physical examination didn’ t ravel abnormalities. CT & MRI suggest soft tissue tumor between uterus & rectum. She was operated & HPR leads diagnosis of AMF of POD. Conclusion: AMF of POD is extremely rare but is benign. a recognition of this entity is important to avoid misdiagnosis of other angiomyxoid neoplasms,leiomyoma. Preoperative diagnosis & differentiation of AMF from other soft tissue tumor are challenging. The combination of radiological data, & histological and IHC findings can confirm the diagnosis. It is important to identity this entity so that the patient can be saved from unnecessary follow up and intervention post excision.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"20 21-22 1","pages":"58-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78188362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical abnormalities in OPC poisoning and its prognostic significance","authors":"Dr.N.K .SenthilnathanMD, Dr.L.Alen Binny","doi":"10.9790/0853-160701116119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-160701116119","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Organophosphorus insecticides are arguably one of the commonest causes of morbidity and mortality due to poisoning worldwide, especially in developing countries like India due to its easy availability. Though Serum cholinesterase can be a useful tool in the diagnosis of OP poisoning, its role in prognostication is very minimal. Our study was conducted to other biochemical abnormalities to predict the severity and prognosis in OP poisoning patients. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: (1)To measure serum electrolytes, liver enzymes, amylase, CPK, CPK-MB, and Troponin I in acute organophosphorus poisoning (2) To analyse the correlation between these biochemical parameters and serum acetylcholinesterase levels (3) To analyse the validity of these biochemical parameters in prediction of severity and prognosis in op poisoning. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This study was conducted over a period of 1 year in Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Government Hospital attached to K.A.P.V Govt Medical College, Trichy wherein 50 OP poisoning patients were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria and their blood samples were collected on admission and analysed for the above said biochemical parameters. RESULTS: 74% of the patients were male, and 62% of the patients fall in the age group of 20 to 30 years. Statistically significant elevation of ALT, CPK, CPK-MB and Troponin I were noted in the study group. A significant fall in serum potassium level in also noted. Most of the patients in the study had a cholinesterase level of 20% to 50%. CONCLUSION: AST, ALT, ALP, and Amylase increase in acute OP poisoning. Rise in CPK, CPK-MB, Troponin I and ALT indicate the severity of OP poisoning and is also statistically significant to predict the prognosis of the patient. Hypokalaemia and associated low cholinesterase levels indicate the requirement of ventilator support and also the poor prognosis of the patient. These findings can assist health professionals to better evaluate patient’s prognosis and improve their treatment plan.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"116-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79505963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Willingness for Eye Donation in General Population of Odisha inEastern India","authors":"Suchitra Panigrahi, B. Rath, R. Sahu, S. Rath, S. Sethi, Kasturi Mahapatra","doi":"10.9790/0853-1607010106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1607010106","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To assess the knowledge,attitude and willingness of general population towards eye donation which includes patients and their attendants attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care medical college hospital of southern Orissa, Eastern India. Materials and methods: 452 participants were administered a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Chisquare test was used to determine the factors associated with willingness towards eye donation. Data was analysed using Graphpad prism version 7.0 Results: In this study 247(54.6%) participants were willing to pledge for eye donation ,there was significant association of willingness to donate eyes among males159 (64.1%) , among participants below 40 years of age175 (75.2%),participants with higher education status146 (82.9%) and urban population147 (70.6%) .Perceived reasons among 205 (45.3%) who were not willing to pledge were,137(66.8%) need more information regarding eye donation,52(25.3%) thought family may not allow for eye donation and 16(7.8%) participants did not want to pledge due to religious disbelief.Media played a major role in creating awareness for eye donation. Conclusion:Multipronged innovative strategies should be adopted to increase the awareness regarding eye donation in less educated and rural population.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"01-06"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80913715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Halopelvic Traction for Curve Correction in Spinal Deformities","authors":"Raj N. Singh, S. Sangwan, R. Bala, Vinit Verma, Krishna P Mazumdar, Z. Kundu, Kuldeep Singh","doi":"10.9790/0853-1606115056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1606115056","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The treatment of severe spinal deformities has always been a difficult task for surgeons. The treatment modalities range from minimal invasive to extensive mobilisation and instrumentation. Halo pelvic traction had proved to be quite effective in correction of these deformities. Hence we intended to study its role in our population with severe spinal deformities. Materials and Method: The present study involved 25 consenting patient with severe kyphoscoliosis. Preoperative examination and routine investigation were done. Halo-pelvic traction was applied after anterior release. Posterior Fusion was carried out after maximum possible correction achieved. HPT was removed after consolidation of fusion. Results: The Mean age was 13.88yrs with male:female ratio 1:1. The most common etiologies were congenital or idiopathic. HPT was applied for 22.7weeks. The mean correction of deformity achieved was 38.6 o . The complications were primarily minor and temporary. Overall satisfaction rate was good. Conclusions: The results of our study highlight the importance of HPT as simple and affordable equipment for correction of spinal deformities. The complications, though, do occur, but can be curtailed by careful and proper management.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75925819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}