International Neurourology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Intravesical Bladder Treatment and Deep Learning Applications to Improve Irritative Voiding Symptoms Caused by Interstitial Cystitis: A Literature Review.","authors":"Yongwon Cho, Seunghyun Youn","doi":"10.5213/inj.2346106.053","DOIUrl":"10.5213/inj.2346106.053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our comprehension of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) has evolved over time. The term painful bladder syndrome, preferred by the International Continence Society, is characterized as \"a syndrome marked by suprapubic pain during bladder filling, alongside increased daytime and nighttime frequency, in the absence of any proven urinary infection or other pathology.\" The diagnosis of IC/PBS primarily relies on symptoms of urgency/frequency and bladder/pelvic pain. The exact pathogenesis of IC/PBS remains a mystery, but it is postulated to be multifactorial. Theories range from bladder urothelial abnormalities, mast cell degranulation in the bladder, bladder inflammation, to altered bladder innervation. Therapeutic strategies encompass patient education, dietary and lifestyle modifications, medication, intravesical therapy, and surgical intervention. This article delves into the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction of IC/PBS, presenting the latest research findings, artificial intelligence technology applications in diagnosing major diseases in IC/PBS, and emerging treatment alternatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 Suppl 1","pages":"S13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ed/77/inj-2346106-053.PMC10263162.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9641860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics in Neurourology.","authors":"Sung-Jong Eun","doi":"10.5213/inj.2323edi02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.2323edi02","url":null,"abstract":"Copyright © 2023 Korean Continence Society This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. We currently find ourselves in an era of ceaseless transformations, propelled by breakthrough technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and the metaverse. These advancements are not limited to mainstream sectors—they are also taking root in the realm of neurourology, with many researchers dedicating their efforts to leverage these innovative technologies to improve research outcomes. In light of this ongoing shift, we have curated this special issue under the theme of “Dynamics in Neurourology.” Here, “dynamics” encompasses three distinct yet interrelated areas: (1) medical device development and clinical practice, (2) AI applications, and (3) the role of the metaverse. In this issue, we present three papers focusing on medical device advancements. First, Lee et al. [1] investigated the effectiveness of a new, non-invasive disposable vaginal device for female stress urinary incontinence and its impact on quality of life. By assessing the efficiency of this innovative device, the authors were able to report on its clinical efficacy and practical feasibility. Second, Kim and Chung [2] proposed a novel technology to refine the Foley catheter insertion procedure via the development of a unique Foley catheter introducer. Finally, Kang et al. [3] explored the inventive use of near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor urine volume in patients with neurogenic bladder. They validated the efficiency of a wearable bladder patch that tracks urine volume in these patients. These 3 studies on medical devices represent pioneering efforts in surgical and management techniques aimed at enhancing patient treatment within the field. Next, the issue contains 2 studies focusing on AI applications. Choi et al. [4] reported on the application of an AI technology known as “transfer learning” that aids in efficient stone detection in patients suffering from urolithiasis. The authors carried out a verification process for this AI technology, affirming its ability to detect urolithiasis with a high degree of accuracy and confirming its viability for use within the medical field. In the second study, Cho and Youn [5] undertook a comprehensive review of current studies on AI technologies and emerging treatment alternatives to diagnose key conditions like interstitial cystitis and painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS). They offered suggestions for diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prediction methodologies for patients. Both of these studies collectively help estimate the practical applicability and efficacy of AI technologies within the realm of neurourology. Finally, turning our attention to the metaverse’s role in neurourology, ","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 Suppl 1","pages":"S1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/65/0f/inj-2323edi02.PMC10263164.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9636034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer Learning for Effective Urolithiasis Detection.","authors":"Hyoung-Sun Choi, Jae-Seoung Kim, Taeg-Keun Whangbo, Khae Hawn Kim","doi":"10.5213/inj.2346110.055","DOIUrl":"10.5213/inj.2346110.055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Urolithiasis is a common disease that can cause acute pain and complications. The objective of this study was to develop a deep learning model utilizing transfer learning for the rapid and accurate detection of urinary tract stones. By employing this method, we aim to improve the efficiency of medical staff and contribute to the progress of deep learning-based medical image diagnostic technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ResNet50 model was employed to develop feature extractors for detecting urinary tract stones. Transfer learning was applied by utilizing the weights of pretrained models as initial values, and the models were fine-tuned with the provided data. The model's performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision-recall, and receiver operating characteristic curve metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ResNet-50-based deep learning model demonstrated high accuracy and sensitivity, outperforming traditional methods. Specifically, it enabled a rapid diagnosis of the presence or absence of urinary tract stones, thereby assisting doctors in their decision-making process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research makes a meaningful contribution by accelerating the clinical implementation of urinary tract stone detection technology utilizing ResNet-50. The deep learning model can swiftly identify the presence or absence of urinary tract stones, thereby enhancing the efficiency of medical staff. We expect that this study will contribute to the advancement of medical imaging diagnostic technology based on deep learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 Suppl 1","pages":"S21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e6/01/inj-2346110-055.PMC10263166.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9641859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Metaverse for Healthcare: Trends, Applications, and Future Directions of Digital Therapeutics for Urology.","authors":"Eun Joung Kim, Jung Yoon Kim","doi":"10.5213/inj.2346108.054","DOIUrl":"10.5213/inj.2346108.054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the emergence of digital therapeutics as a novel approach to managing conditions has garnered significant attention. This approach involves using evidence-based therapeutic interventions that are facilitated by high-quality software programs to treat, manage, or prevent medical conditions. The incorporation of digital therapeutics into the Metaverse has increased the feasibility of their implementation and application in all areas of medical services. In urology, substantial digital therapeutics are being produced and researched, including mobile apps, bladder devices, pelvic floor muscle trainers, smart toilet systems, mixed reality-guided training and surgery, and training and telemedicine for urological consultations. The purpose of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current impact of the Metaverse on the field of digital therapeutics and identify its current trends, applications, and future perspectives in the field of urology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 Suppl 1","pages":"S3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9e/0b/inj-2346108-054.PMC10263160.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9641857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Incisionless Disposable Vaginal Device for Female Stress Urinary Incontinence: Efficacy and Quality of Life.","authors":"Chung Lyul Lee, Jong Mok Park, Ji Yong Lee, Seung Woo Yang, Hyun Seok Na, Jaegeun Lee, Sunkyung Jung, Ju Hyun Shin","doi":"10.5213/inj.2346092.046","DOIUrl":"10.5213/inj.2346092.046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This clinical study sought to evaluate the possible clinical effectiveness and practicality of URINO, an innovative, incisionless, and disposable intravaginal device, designed for patients suffering from stress urinary incontinence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial was carried out, involving women diagnosed with stress urinary incontinence who used a self-inserted, disposable intravaginal pessary device. Comparisons were made between the results of the 20-minute pad-weight gain (PWG) test at baseline and visit 3, where the device was applied. After 1 week of device usage, compliance, satisfaction, the sensation of a foreign body, and adverse events were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 45 participants, 39 completed the trial and expressed satisfaction within the modified intention-to-treat group. The average 20-minute PWG of participants was 17.2±33.6 g at baseline and significantly dropped to 5.3±16.2 g at visit 3 with device application. A total of 87.2% of participants exhibited a reduction ratio of PWG by 50% or more, surpassing the clinical trial success benchmark of 76%. The mean compliance was recorded as 76.6%±26.6%, the average visual analogue scale score for patient satisfaction was 6.4±2.6, and the sensation of a foreign body, measured on a 5-point Likert scale, was 3.1±1.2 after 1 week of device use. No serious adverse events were reported; there was 1 instance of microscopic hematuria and 2 cases of pyuria, all of which recovered.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The investigated device demonstrated significant clinical effectiveness and safety for patients with stress urinary incontinence. It was easy to use, showing favorable patient compliance. We propose that these disposable intravaginal pessaries could potentially be an alternative treatment for patients with stress urinary incontinence who are seeking nonsurgical options or are unable to undergo surgery. Trial Registration: The study was registered as a clinical trial (KCT0008369).</p>","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 Suppl 1","pages":"S40-48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/5f/inj-2346092-046.PMC10263161.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9641861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Foley Catheter Insertion Procedure by Developing Foley Introducer: A 100-Year Overdue Innovation.","authors":"Khae Hawn Kim, Kyung Jin Chung","doi":"10.5213/inj.2346098.049","DOIUrl":"10.5213/inj.2346098.049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Foley catheter (FC) insertion is very basic yet one of the most widely performed procedures all across the fields of medicine. Since FC was first introduced in 19020's, no significant improvement has been made in view of methodology, despite the inconvenience associated with cumbersome preparation, procedure, and the patients' discomfort with having to have their genitalia exposed. We developed a new, easy-to-use FC insertion device, Quick Foley, that provides an innovative approach to introducing FC while simplifying and minimizing time spent without compromising the sterility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed an all-in-one disposable FC introducer contains all the necessary components in a single-device-kit. Minimal plastic components are necessary to keep accuracy and consistency, but the rest are made of the paper to minimize plastic waste. The preparation is done by connecting to the drainage bag, spurring the lubricant gel through gel insert, separating the tract, and connecting with the ballooning syringe. For the insertion, after sterilizing the urethral orifice, rotate the control knob to feed FC to the end of the urethra. After ballooning, dissembling of the device is done only by opening and removing the module, then only the FC remains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As the device is all-in-one, there is no need to prearrange the FC tray, simplifies the FC preparation and catheterization procedure. This device not only makes it convenient for the practitioner, but ultimately, it will reduce the psychological discomfort experienced by patient by truncating perineal exposure time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have successfully developed a novel device that reduces the cost and burden of using FC for practitioners while maintaining an aseptic technique. Furthermore, this all-in-one device allows the entire procedure to be completed much more quickly compared to the current method, so this minimizes perineal exposure time. Both practitioners and patients can benefit by this new device.</p>","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 Suppl 1","pages":"S34-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cc/2e/inj-2346098-049.PMC10263165.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9636038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Patient Care: Innovative Use of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Monitoring Urine Volume in Neurogenic Bladder.","authors":"Byeong-Il Kang, Aram Kim, Sehwan Kim","doi":"10.5213/inj.2346100.050","DOIUrl":"10.5213/inj.2346100.050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Current guidelines recommend clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) at regular time intervals for patients with spinal cord injuries; however, many patients experience difficulties. Performing time-based CIC outside the home is a significant burden for patients. In this study, we aimed to overcome the limitations of the current guidelines by developing a digital device to monitor bladder urine volume in real-time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The optode sensor is a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based wearable device intended to be attached to the skin of the lower abdomen where the bladder is located. The sensor's primary function is to detect changes in urine volume within the bladder. An in vitro study was conducted using a bladder phantom that mimicked the optical properties of the lower abdomen. To validate the data in the human body at the proof-of-concept level, one volunteer attached the device to the lower abdomen to measure the light intensity between the first voiding and immediately before the second voiding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The degree of attenuation at the maximum test volume was equivalent across experiments, and the optode sensor with multiplex measurements demonstrated robust performance for patient diversity. Moreover, the symmetric feature of the matrix was deemed a potential parameter for identifying the accuracy of sensor localization in a deep-learning model. The validated feasibility of the sensor showed almost the same results as an ultrasound scanner, which is routinely used in the clinical field.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The optode sensor of the NIRS-based wearable device can measure the urine volume in the bladder in real-time.</p>","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 Suppl 1","pages":"S27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/0f/inj-2346100-050.PMC10263163.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9641858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updates of Overactive Bladder in Pediatrics.","authors":"Jisung Shim,&nbsp;Mi Mi Oh","doi":"10.5213/inj.2244228.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.2244228.114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overactive bladder (OAB) is clinically defined as urinary urgency with or without urinary incontinence. It is associated with daytime frequency or constipation and has a prevalence of approximately 5%-12% among 5- to 10-year-olds. The appropriate functional exchange between the pontine micturition center, periaqueductal gray matter, and prefrontal cortex is important for proper micturition control. Several studies on pediatric cases observed a link between OAB and neuropsychiatric problems, such as anxiety, depression, and attention deficit, and treatment of these comorbidities improved patient symptoms. In this review, we present the pathophysiology of OAB, its associated conditions, and aspects related to updates in OAB treatment, and we propose a step-by-step treatment approach following this sequence: behavioral therapy, medical treatment, and invasive treatment. Although anticholinergic drugs are the mainstay of OAB medical treatment, beta-3 agonists and alpha-blockers are now recommended as a result of significant advancements in pharmacologic treatment in the last 10 years. Electrical stimulation techniques and botulinum toxin are also effective and can be used, especially in conventional treatment-refractory cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c3/6b/inj-2244228-114.PMC10073000.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9639065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Comparative Effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin-A Injection Therapy Versus Augmentation Uretero-Enterocystoplasty for the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction.","authors":"Xuesheng Wang,&nbsp;Zhonghan Zhou,&nbsp;Limin Liao","doi":"10.5213/inj.2244220.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.2244220.110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We investigated the effectiveness of intravesical botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) injection therapy in patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) and upper urinary tract (UUT) deterioration and evaluated whether BTX-A injection therapy could substitute for augmentation uretero-enterocystoplasty (AUEC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from a prospective, single-center cohort from 2017-2021 were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 treatment groups: AUEC and BTX-A (i.e., patients who declined AUEC). Bladder and UUT functions were assessed by comparing clinical information, urodynamic data, laboratory results, and imaging records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 121 patients were enrolled (BTX-A group: 41 patients; AUEC group: 80 patients). The BTX-A group showed a reduced maximum detrusor pressure and increases in the maximum bladder volume and bladder compliance (P<0.05). However, in follow-up evaluations, significantly smaller improvements (all P<0.05) in urodynamic parameters were found in the BTX-A group than in the AUEC group. Notably, there was no significant improvement in vesicoureteral reflux (VUR; P=0.66) or upper urinary tract dilatation (UUTD; P=0.75) in the BTX-A group, and no statistically significant difference in serum creatinine (Scr) levels or the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was observed in the follow-up evaluations (all P>0.05). Both VUR and UUTD improved significantly in the AUEC group, and the Scr and eGFR levels significantly improved after AUEC relative to baseline levels (P<0.05). The reduction in the Scr level was significantly lower in the BTX-A group than in the AUEC group during 0-15 months of follow-up (Scr reduction differences, -1.36; P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although BTX-A injection therapy was effective for improving bladder function, BTX-A injections did not alleviate UUT deterioration in this study, particularly in patients with advanced-stage LUTD. Conversely, AUEC for LUTD has a well-established role in improving UUT function. Hence, BTX-A injection therapy should not replace AUEC to ameliorate UUT impairment and protect UUT function.</p>","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"36-46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ee/cf/inj-2244220-110.PMC10073004.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9257266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Urolithiasis Detection Technology Based on a Multimethod Algorithm.","authors":"Jong Mok Park,&nbsp;Sung-Jong Eun,&nbsp;Yong Gil Na","doi":"10.5213/inj.2346070.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.2346070.035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this paper, we propose an optimal ureter stone detection model utilizing multiple artificial intelligence technologies. Specifically, the proposed model of urinary tract stone detection merges an artificial intelligence model and an image processing model, resulting in a multimethod approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We propose an optimal urinary tract stone detection algorithm based on artificial intelligence technology. This method was intended to increase the accuracy of urinary tract stone detection by combining deep learning technology (Fast R-CNN) and image processing technology (Watershed).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As a result of deriving the confusion matrix, the sensitivity and specificity of urinary tract stone detection were calculated to be 0.90 and 0.91, and the accuracy for their position was 0.84. This value was higher than 0.8, which is the standard for accuracy. This finding confirmed that accurate guidance to the stones area was possible when the developed platform was used to support actual surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The performance evaluation of the method proposed herein indicated that it can effectively play an auxiliary role in diagnostic decision-making with a clinically acceptable range of safety. In particular, in the case of ambush stones or urinary stones accompanying ureter polyps, the value that could be obtained through combination therapy based on diagnostic assistance could be evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":14466,"journal":{"name":"International Neurourology Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/20/3a/inj-2346070-035.PMC10073001.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9257267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}