International Journal of Yoga最新文献

{"title":"Surya Namaskar: As an Alternative for Aerobic Fitness.","authors":"Abhishek Bandyopadhyay,&nbsp;Kaushik Halder,&nbsp;Anjana Pathak,&nbsp;Bhuvnesh Kumar,&nbsp;Mantu Saha","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_8_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_8_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>\"Surya Namaskar\" (SN) may be used as a need-based short-duration aerobic activity in a confined space to establish as a substitute of an equivalent routine physical training in challenging stressful conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Noninvasive oxygen-kinetics metabolic responses between SN and endurance work on bicycle ergometry (BE) were compared across different phases of maximal oxygen uptake percentage (%VO_{2 max}). SN, comprising three complete rounds per min (36 beats/min of a metronome; SN consists of 12 poses per round), was performed rhythmically and continuously for 5 min to simulate an incremental BE test (25 watts/2 min at 60 rpm).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SN results in a significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05) greater increase of arteriovenous oxygen difference at 71%-80% VO_{2 max} while keeping a low respiratory exchange ratio (<i>P</i> < 0.01 and 0.001) at 41%-80% VO_{2 max} exercising state.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SN could be an ideal form of aerobic exercise instead of BE.</p>","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/36/07/IJY-15-163.PMC9623894.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40453263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need for Global Standards in Yoga Training.","authors":"Nandi Krishnamurthy Manjunath","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_147_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_147_22","url":null,"abstract":"87 Yoga has been practiced as self-discipline to attain physical, mental and spiritual well-being from time immemorial. The declaration of June 21st as the International Day of Yoga by the United Nations Organization gave the most needed global recognition for Yoga in recent years.[1] Yoga, as an ancient Indian tradition, has also been inscribed as the 13th intangible cultural heritage in UNESCO's list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of humanity during the 11th session of the Intergovernmental Committee held in 2016.[2] However, the evidence-based approach is also responsible for an increased scope of its applications, including health and disease.","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/03/d4/IJY-15-87.PMC9623889.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40443247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ashtanga Yoga Ethics-Based Yoga Versus General Yoga on Anthropometric Indices, <i>Trigunas</i>, and Quality of Life in Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized Control Trial.","authors":"Aruna Mewada,&nbsp;Jyoti Keswani,&nbsp;Hemanshu Sharma,&nbsp;Gulab Rai Tewani,&nbsp;Pradeep M K Nair","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_63_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_63_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The philosophical tenets of yoga such as Ashtanga yoga (AY) and <i>Trigunas</i> are seldom considered while designing yoga programs for chronic diseases. This randomized control trial explored the impact of AY principle-based yoga on the anthropometric indices, personality traits, and quality of life (QoL) in abdominal obesity (AO).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty-two participants with AO were randomized (<i>n</i> = 31 in each arm) into an AY arm or general yoga (GY) arm. For 12 weeks, both the AY and the GY received the same yoga protocol; however, the AY received an additional AY-based orientation session fortnightly. Changes in waist circumference, hip circumference (HC), height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio, Vedic Personality Inventory for <i>gunas,</i> and World Health Organization QoL-BREF were measured at baseline and at the end of 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By the end of 12 weeks, the AY arm significantly differed from the GY arm in HC (<i>P</i> = 0.05) and BMI scores (<i>P</i> = 0.03). The AY arm has shown a significant increase in the <i>sattva guna</i> (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and reduction in the <i>rajas</i> (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and <i>tamas gunas</i> (<i>P</i> = 0.03). There was a significant improvement in the physical and social QoL domain, whereas the other variables examined remained insignificant. The increase in <i>sattva guna</i> was negatively correlated with waist circumference (<i>P</i> = -0.489) and BMI (<i>r</i> = -0.553).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exposing participants to progressive AY philosophy can change the personality traits which are further associated with melioration in the determiners of AO. Future yoga programs for chronic disorders may consider including AY philosophy for substantive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/43/c0/IJY-15-130.PMC9623890.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40443245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Approach Improves Fall Risk and Postural Stability in Spinocerebellar Ataxia-2 - A Case Report.","authors":"Kavyashree Kulamarva,&nbsp;Umesh Chikkanna,&nbsp;Kishore Kumar Ramakrishna,&nbsp;Hemant Bhargav,&nbsp;Selva Ganapathy Velayutham,&nbsp;Shivarama Varambally","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_49_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_49_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) comprise a large heterogeneous group of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias. Despite availability of various conventional treatments, reducing disability and improving the quality of life is a challenge in this condition. In the present case report, based on the clinical symptoms and site of pathology, an Ayurveda-based diagnosis of <i>kaphavruta vayana</i> and <i>kaphavruta udana</i> was considered. Therapeutic measures such as <i>rookshana</i> (drying therapy), <i>vatahara</i> (measures to pacifying <i>vata), balya</i> (strengthening), and <i>brimhana</i> (nourishing) regimens were adopted along with oral medications and specific yoga practices. The objective of the treatment was to improve stability, posture, and balance. After 10 weeks of integrative treatment, a demonstrable improvement was observed in scale for assessment and rating of ataxia Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), fall risk, and limit of stability (using computerized dynamic posturography). Hence, an integrated Ayurveda and Yoga-based lifestyle regimen may serve as a useful adjuvant in improving fall risk and limit of stability in patients with SCAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/23/6d/IJY-15-168.PMC9623888.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40446185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits by Practicing Mantra Meditation: Narrative Review.","authors":"Ampere A Tseng","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_53_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_53_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mantra meditation (MM) is one of the simplest and most effective meditative practices suitable for both novice and skillful meditators. It has attracted a significant number of practitioners for various health benefits or for spiritual inspiration. The scope of this review article focuses on the examination of the health benefits of practicing MM without considering the motivation by spiritual rewarding or cultivation. Through the examination, we attempt to confirm and to add scientific evidence on the benefits of mental and physical health to the practitioners. We review a large number of the recent studies of MM for understanding the mechanism in yielding medical benefits and for analyzing the quantitative evidence of the trial outcomes. The review covers four important areas: stress, anxiety, hypertension, and immunity, with the hope to evoke more studies to refine the current evidence and to encourage more studies in other promising areas. Furthermore, the review gives more attention or discussion on more recent, original, and stronger studies. The discussion can include the strong or weak points of the reviewed studies. The review discovers evidence that MM can provide various degrees of beneficial effects on the four areas considered. Studies with larger participants, superior quality, and a few others are recommended to draw firm conclusions. Several promising research areas and directions are also suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/13/IJY-15-89.PMC9623891.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40453261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consciousness, Awareness, and Presence: A Neurobiological Perspective.","authors":"Vinod D Deshmukh","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_77_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_77_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is proposed that consciousness is different from awareness. Consciousness can be thought of as a dualistic, embodied, and embedded cognitive process, whereas awareness is a nondual and nonlocal process. Nonlocal awareness is the ever-present, ever-fresh, and an affective self-awareness that can be aware of itself as well as of the ongoing subject-object duality, and cognitive conscious contents. This nonlocal awareness is our default mode state. Although very few of us are aware of it due to our habitual mental preoccupation and mind-wandering. We need to relax, learn to meditate, let go of all preoccupations, and return to our default mode state of being, which is peaceful, silent, fulfilling, energetic, and ever-fresh. Then, one feels effortlessly alive and free and at home in the world. This is the essence of meditation for living a happy, peaceful, and meaningful life. The rest of the article provides details of meditative presence, yoga meditation, and mindfulness meditation with their current practice and applications. The main focus of the article is on the neurobiology of meditation, which is discussed in detail. It covers the experientially perceived mind-space including personal, peripersonal, and extrapersonal space, the concepts of mind in the Western and Eastern literature, and the neurobiological foundation in the brain stem, reticular-limbic system, forebrain including the five thalamo-cortical-basal ganglia circuits, multiple sensory modalities, integrated perception, speech production, language communication, voluntary movements, and intentional actions. The wholeness of conscious mind is expressed as bio-psycho-social-abstract/spiritual.</p>","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3c/06/IJY-15-144.PMC9623886.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40453264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yoga and Integrative Healthcare: Lessons from the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) in India.","authors":"Hemant Bhargav, Bharath Holla, Kishore Kumar Ramakrishna, Venkataram Shivakumar, K Gokulakrishnan, Shivarama Varambally, B N Gangadhar","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_56_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_56_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is growing evidence and increasing interest for systemic integration of medicine (synergistic and evidence-based combination of different systems along with conventional biomedicine). The National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), an Institute of National Importance and a tertiary mental and neurological healthcare hospital situated in Bengaluru, India, has established one such integrative model. The present manuscript traces the history and describes the important steps followed in this integrative approach.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The NIMHANS model followed a stage-wise two-step approach: (1) First stage - <i>Starting with Integration of Yoga</i>: The process began more than a decade ago, with integrating yoga into a clinical department (rather than an exclusive research-based approach) of the institute which had relatively high clinical service load (For example, Department of Psychiatry in NIMHANS). Yoga was gradually formalized into academic and clinical activities (outpatient and inpatient services) by appointing a Yoga faculty with a medical background with an MD/PhD in Yoga. The research was primarily directed by the clinical observations of patients receiving yoga therapy. (2) Second stage: <i>Adding an appropriate and compatible discipline from</i> Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy <i>(AYUSH) system (Ayurveda in this case)</i>: The center for yoga gradually evolved into the Department of Integrative Medicine with the appointment of faculty from the Ayurveda stream. In this model, specialists from each discipline provide clinical inputs after simultaneous consultation with the patient through systemic integration in clinical, academic, and research domains rather than mere co-location of AYUSH services with mainstream medicine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The NIMHANS model of integration suggests the application of yoga into mainstream clinical service as the first step toward integration. Yoga should be added as a formalized clinical discipline with systemic integration. Gradually, other feasible systems of traditional medicine from AYUSH can be integrated at a later stage in a step-by-step manner based on clinical practice and evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c9/af/IJY-15-150.PMC9623895.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40443246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Yoga on Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and Spinal Mobility in Computer Users with Chronic Low Back Pain.","authors":"Chametcha Singphow,&nbsp;SatyaPrakash Purohit,&nbsp;Padmini Tekur,&nbsp;Suman Bista,&nbsp;Surya Narayan Panigrahy,&nbsp;Nagarathna Raghuram,&nbsp;Hongasandra Ramarao Nagendra","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_9_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_9_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Office workers who need to use a computer while maintaining a static position for prolonged periods have more chance of having low back pain (LBP).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of yoga on stress, anxiety, depression, and spinal mobility in computer users with chronic LBP (CLBP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this randomized control trial, eighty computer users (42.6 ± 8.45 years of age; suffering from CLBP since 5.20 ± 3.01 years; 51 males and 29 females) who use a computer for their professional work, recruited from Bengaluru, India, were randomized into two groups: yoga group (<i>n</i> = 40) and physical exercise group (<i>n</i> = 40). The yoga group practiced an integrated module comprising yoga postures and mindfulness meditation, and the physical exercise group practiced physical exercise designed for LBP (1 h/day, 3 days/week for 16 weeks). Assessments of dial-type goniometer and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-42 were performed at baseline, after 8 weeks, and after 16 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stress, anxiety, and depression scores were significantly lower in the yoga group as compared to the physical exercise group at 16 weeks (<i>P</i> < 0.001), whereas spinal flexion (<i>P</i> < 0.001), spinal extension (<i>P</i> < 0.001), right lateral flexion (<i>P</i> = 0.001), and left lateral flexion (<i>P</i> = 0.007) scores were significantly higher in the yoga group as compared to the physical exercise group at 16 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Yoga is more effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression and improving spinal mobility in computer users with CLBP than physical exercise designed for LBP.</p>","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d1/c8/IJY-15-114.PMC9623884.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40443244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Yoga Postures Using Machine Learning Techniques.","authors":"D Mohan Kishore,&nbsp;S Bindu,&nbsp;Nandi Krishnamurthy Manjunath","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_97_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_97_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yoga is a traditional Indian way of keeping the mind and body fit, through physical postures (asanas), voluntarily regulated breathing <i>(pranayama),</i> meditation, and relaxation techniques. The recent pandemic has seen a huge surge in numbers of yoga practitioners, many practicing without proper guidance. This study was proposed to ease the work of such practitioners by implementing deep learning-based methods, which can estimate the correct pose performed by a practitioner. The study implemented this approach using four different deep learning architectures: EpipolarPose, OpenPose, PoseNet, and MediaPipe. These architectures were separately trained using the images obtained from S-VYASA Deemed to be University. This database had images for five commonly practiced yoga postures: tree pose, triangle pose, half-moon pose, mountain pose, and warrior pose. The use of this authentic database for training paved the way for the deployment of this model in real-time applications. The study also compared the estimation accuracy of all architectures and concluded that the MediaPipe architecture provides the best estimation accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/12/56/IJY-15-137.PMC9623892.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40453262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tratak (Yogic Ocular Exercises) on Intraocular Pressure in Glaucoma: An RCT","authors":"Sankalp, T. Dada, R. Yadav, H. Sharma, R. Netam, K. Kochhar","doi":"10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_160_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_160_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In healthy subjects, the intraocular pressure (IOP) is maintained by a dynamic equilibrium between continuous production of aqueous humor by ciliary bodies and continuous outflow through the two drainage pathways: trabecular meshwork and uveoscleral outflow. Here, we hypothesized that yogic ocular exercises, including extraocular muscles exercise, and modified Tratak Kriya (mTK), might reduce the IOP as well as stress and improve quality of life (QoL) in patients with glaucoma. Methodology: A parallel two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in glaucoma patients (Control group and Intervention group). Control group patients were on standard medical treatment and intervention group patients practiced a Yoga-based lifestyle intervention (YBLI) for 4 weeks as add-on therapy with their standard medical treatment. All Participants were assessed at baseline day 1, day 14 (D14), and day 28 (D28). A minimum of 30 patients were recruited in each group. Results: We did not observe any statistically significant different mean IOP of right (IOP-r) or, left eyes at any time point as well as cortisol level and QoL between the two groups. However, with in intervention group, there was a reduction in IOP-r at D14 (15.54 ± 2.81 mmHg) and D28 (15.24 ± 3.1 mmHg), P = 0.006 and 0.001, respectively, compared to their baseline IOP (16.26 ± 2.98). Conclusion: Based on the present RCT, yoga-based ocular exercises practiced here cannot be recommended for management of raised IOP in glaucoma patients. Further larger studies are warranted with yoga-based interventions in patients with glaucoma. Clinical Trial Registration Number CTRI/2016/03/006703","PeriodicalId":14436,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Yoga","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49235181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}