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International Journal of Toxicology最新文献

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A Retrospective Comparison of Electrocardiographic Parameters in Ketamine and Tiletamine-Zolazepam Anesthetized Indian Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta). 氯胺酮和利他敏-唑拉西泮麻醉印度恒河猴心电图参数的回顾性比较
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231221276
Laxit K Bhatt, Chitrang R Shah, Shital D Patel, Sudhir R Patel, Vipul A Patel, Rajesh J Patel, Nikita M Joshi, Niraj A Shah, Jitendra H Patel, Pankaj Dwivedi, Rajesh Sundar, Mukul R Jain
{"title":"A Retrospective Comparison of Electrocardiographic Parameters in Ketamine and Tiletamine-Zolazepam Anesthetized Indian Rhesus Monkeys (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>).","authors":"Laxit K Bhatt, Chitrang R Shah, Shital D Patel, Sudhir R Patel, Vipul A Patel, Rajesh J Patel, Nikita M Joshi, Niraj A Shah, Jitendra H Patel, Pankaj Dwivedi, Rajesh Sundar, Mukul R Jain","doi":"10.1177/10915818231221276","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231221276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrocardiographic evaluation is performed in rhesus monkeys to establish the cardiovascular safety of candidate molecules before progressing to clinical trials. These animals are usually immobilized chemically by ketamine (KTM) and tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) to obtain a steady-state heart rate and to ensure adequate human safety. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of these anesthetic regimens on different electrocardiographic parameters. Statistically significant lower HR and higher P-wave duration, RR, QRS, and QT intervals were observed in the KTM-anesthetized group in comparison to TZ-anesthetized animals. No significant changes were noticed in the PR interval and p-wave amplitude. Sex-based significance amongst these parameters was observed in male and female animals of TZ- and KTM-anesthetized groups. Regression analysis of four QTc formulas in TZ-anesthetized rhesus monkeys revealed that QTcNAK (Nakayama) better corrected the QT interval than QTcHAS (Hassimoto), QTcBZT (Bazett), and QTcFRD (Fridericia) formulas. QTcNAK exhibited the least correlation with the RR interval (slope closest to zero and r = .01) and displayed no statistical significance between male and female animals. These data will prove useful in the selection of anesthetic regimens for chemical restraint of rhesus monkeys in nonclinical safety evaluation studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"184-195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138804301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety Evaluation of a Prototypical Diazirine-Based Covalent Crosslinker and Molecular Adhesive. 一种典型重氮嘧啶基共价交联剂及分子胶粘剂的安全性评价。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231215692
Miranda J Baran, Rebecca Hof, Angelique Groot, Irene Eurlings, Jet Gijsbrechts, Britt de Jong, Jeremy E Wulff
{"title":"Safety Evaluation of a Prototypical Diazirine-Based Covalent Crosslinker and Molecular Adhesive.","authors":"Miranda J Baran, Rebecca Hof, Angelique Groot, Irene Eurlings, Jet Gijsbrechts, Britt de Jong, Jeremy E Wulff","doi":"10.1177/10915818231215692","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231215692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>bis</i>-Diazirine reagents are increasingly being used as polymer crosslinkers, adhesives, and photopatterning agents in the materials sciences literature, but little effort has been made thus far to document their chemical safety profile. Here, we describe the results of a detailed toxicity assessment of a representative <i>bis</i>-diazirine. Safety was evaluated by a series of in vitro assays, which found the product to be non-mutagenic in bacterial tester strains TA98 and TA100, non-corrosive and non-irritating to skin, and requiring no classification for eye irritation or serious damage. While in vitro tests do not capture the integrated whole animal system, and thus cannot completely rule out the possibility of adverse responses, the results of this study suggest a desirable safety profile for <i>bis</i>-diazirine reagents and provide a solid foundation upon which to add in vivo assessment of safety risk and dose-response studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"146-156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138176155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In Vitro Evaluation of Vancomycin-Induced Toxicity in Human Primary Knee Chondrocytes. 万古霉素对人膝关节原代软骨细胞毒性的体外评价。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231216413
Susan Hall, Jane Grayson, Gary Grant, Christopher Vertullo, Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie
{"title":"In Vitro Evaluation of Vancomycin-Induced Toxicity in Human Primary Knee Chondrocytes.","authors":"Susan Hall, Jane Grayson, Gary Grant, Christopher Vertullo, Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie","doi":"10.1177/10915818231216413","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231216413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Septic arthritis as a complication of orthopaedic joint surgery can have catastrophic outcomes for patients. To minimise infection risk associated with elective orthopaedics, topical vancomycin during surgery has become increasingly common. Evidence suggests that high concentrations of vancomycin, following direct application of the drug to the joint, are toxic towards various local cell types in the joint, including chondrocytes. However, the mechanism of this vancomycin tissue toxicity is yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of vancomycin on chondrocytes and the mechanisms of cell death involved. Human primary knee chondrocytes were exposed to vancomycin (1.25-10 mg/mL) for 24 h and their viability assessed using the resazurin reduction assay in vitro. Specific cell death mechanisms and their contributors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis, were measured. This study showed that high concentrations of vancomycin (5 and 10 mg/mL) were toxic towards human primary knee chondrocyte cells, while lower concentrations (1.25 and 2.5 mg/mL) were not. Cell death studies found that this occurred through an apoptotic pathway. This study provides additional support that vancomycin in high doses is toxic towards chondrocytes and preliminary evidence that this toxicity occurs via apoptotic cell death mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"177-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138290887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Commentary on Fasting of Nonclinical Research Animals. 关于非临床研究动物禁食的评论。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231218975
David V Gauvin, Margaret McComb, Ryan Farero
{"title":"A Commentary on Fasting of Nonclinical Research Animals.","authors":"David V Gauvin, Margaret McComb, Ryan Farero","doi":"10.1177/10915818231218975","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231218975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This commentary discusses the implementation of fasting in nonclinical animal experimental subjects. The short-term removal of food from cages of experimental animals is in all respects innocuous. The term \"stress\" is ill-defined and the statutes and regulations governing animal research laboratories that exert their authority in the performance of their operations do so without substantive grounds to base compliance. The legislative and administrative history of the implementation of the Animal Welfare Act (AWA) has evolved into the development of laboratory management strategies that focus on the reduction of the biological cost of stress to the animals and the determination of when subclinical stress (eustress) becomes distress. Animal welfare is based on the tenet that in laboratories conducting animal research in compliance with Good Laboratory Practices (Title 21 USC, Chapter 13,§58), it is the study protocol and the study director that establish procedures and processes that are approved by each Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee to ensure the humane care and use of animals in research, teaching, and testing and to ensure compliance with guidelines and regulations. This approval process establishes the justification of eustress in the environment that do not rise to the threshold of distress under the AWA.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"196-208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139048691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety Assessment of Ginkgo biloba-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics. 化妆品用银杏叶衍生成分的安全性评估。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231210792
Christina L Burnett, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth
{"title":"Safety Assessment of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i>-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics.","authors":"Christina L Burnett, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth","doi":"10.1177/10915818231210792","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231210792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 10 <i>Ginkgo biloba</i>-derived ingredients, which are most frequently reported to function in cosmetics as skin conditioning agents or antioxidants. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of these ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing the same constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. The Panel was concerned about the presence of ginkgolic acid in cosmetics. Industry should use good manufacturing practices to limit impurities. The Panel concluded that 5 <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> leaf-derived ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-sensitizing; data are insufficient to determine the safety of the remaining 5 ingredients under the intended conditions of use in cosmetic formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"64S-81S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71481529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety Assessment of Adenosine as Used in Cosmetics. 化妆品中使用的腺苷安全性评估。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231221790
Priya Cherian, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth
{"title":"Safety Assessment of Adenosine as Used in Cosmetics.","authors":"Priya Cherian, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth","doi":"10.1177/10915818231221790","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231221790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Adenosine, Adenosine Phosphate, Adenosine Triphosphate, Disodium Adenosine Phosphate, and Disodium Adenosine Triphosphate. These ingredients are reported to function in cosmetics as skin-conditioning agents - miscellaneous. The Panel considered the available data and concluded that the five adenosine ingredients reviewed in this report are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"50S-63S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety Assessment of Butyrospermum parkii (Shea)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics. 化妆品中使用的乳木果提取成分的安全性评估。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231224230
Christina L Burnett, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth
{"title":"Safety Assessment of <i>Butyrospermum parkii</i> (Shea)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics.","authors":"Christina L Burnett, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth","doi":"10.1177/10915818231224230","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231224230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 13 <i>Butyrospermum parkii</i> (shea)-derived ingredients, which are most frequently reported to function in cosmetics as skin and hair conditioning agents. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of these ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing similar constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. Industry should use good manufacturing practices to limit impurities that could be present in botanical ingredients. The Panel concluded that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration when formulated to be non-sensitizing.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"82S-95S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety Assessment of Trialkyl Trimellitates as Used in Cosmetics. 化妆品中使用的三烷基三甲酸酯的安全评估。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231224248
Monice M Fiume, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Lillian J Gill, Bart Heldreth
{"title":"Safety Assessment of Trialkyl Trimellitates as Used in Cosmetics.","authors":"Monice M Fiume, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Lillian J Gill, Bart Heldreth","doi":"10.1177/10915818231224248","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231224248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 5 trialkyl trimellitates. These ingredients, which are all structurally related as alkyl esters of trimellitic acid, are reported to function in cosmetics as skin conditioning agents; 2 of the ingredients are also reported to function in cosmetics as plasticizers. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of these ingredients, and concluded that the trialkyl trimellitates are safe in the current practices of use and concentration when formulated to be non-irritating.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"96S-120S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety Assessment of Hops as Used in Cosmetics. 化妆品中使用啤酒花的安全性评估。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231221796
Lillian Becker, Ivan Boyer, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth
{"title":"Safety Assessment of Hops as Used in Cosmetics.","authors":"Lillian Becker, Ivan Boyer, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth","doi":"10.1177/10915818231221796","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231221796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract (reported functions include antimicrobial agent and hair conditioning agent) and Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Oil (reported function is fragrance). The Panel reviewed the relevant data related to these ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing the same constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. For these ingredients, the Panel was concerned about the presence of 8-prenylnaringenin, β-myrcene, and quercetin in cosmetics, which could result in estrogenic effects, dermal irritation, and genotoxicity, respectively. Industry should use current good manufacturing practices to limit impurities and constituents of concern. The Panel concluded that Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract and Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Oil are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration when formulated to be non-sensitizing.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"5S-29S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138829720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety Assessment of Alkyl Sultaines as Used in Cosmetics. 化妆品中使用的烷基舒他宁的安全性评估。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231221791
Christina L Burnett, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth
{"title":"Safety Assessment of Alkyl Sultaines as Used in Cosmetics.","authors":"Christina L Burnett, Wilma F Bergfeld, Donald V Belsito, Ronald A Hill, Curtis D Klaassen, Daniel C Liebler, James G Marks, Ronald C Shank, Thomas J Slaga, Paul W Snyder, Monice Fiume, Bart Heldreth","doi":"10.1177/10915818231221791","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10915818231221791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 13 alkyl sultaines, which are most frequently reported to function in cosmetics as antistatic agents, surfactants, and skin and hair conditioning agents. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of these ingredients. The Panel noted gaps in the available safety data for some of the alkyl sultaines in this safety assessment; the available data on some of the ingredients are sufficient, however, and can be read across to support the safety of other members of the group. The Panel concluded that these alkyl sultaines are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"30S-49S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138829719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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