Invertebrate Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Report on the First Symposium on Invertebrate Neuroscience held on 13-17th August 2019 at the Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary.","authors":"Lindy Holden-Dye,&nbsp;Robert J Walker","doi":"10.1007/s10158-020-00245-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-020-00245-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This meeting report provides an overview of the oral and poster presentations at the first international symposium for invertebrate neuroscience. The contents reflect the contributions of invertebrate neuroscience in addressing fundamental and fascinating challenges in understanding the neural substrates of animal behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 3","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-020-00245-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38280185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting techniques for calcium imaging in muscles of adult Brugia malayi.","authors":"Paul D E Williams,&nbsp;Saurabh Verma,&nbsp;Alan P Robertson,&nbsp;Richard J Martin","doi":"10.1007/s10158-020-00247-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-020-00247-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brugia malayi is a human filarial nematode parasite that causes lymphatic filariasis or 'elephantiasis' a disfiguring neglected tropical disease. This parasite is a more tractable nematode parasite for the experimental study of anthelmintic drugs and has been studied with patch-clamp and RNAi techniques. Unlike in C. elegans however, calcium signaling in B. malayi or other nematode parasites has not been achieved, limiting the studies of the mode of action of anthelmintic drugs. We describe here the development of calcium imaging methods that allow us to characterize changes in cellular calcium in the muscles of B. malayi. This is a powerful technique that can help in elucidating the mode of action of selected anthelmintics. We developed two approaches that allow the recording of calcium signals in the muscles of adult B. malayi: (a) soaking the muscles with Fluo-3AM, promoting large-scale imaging of multiple cells simultaneously and, (b) direct insertion of Fluo-3 using microinjection, providing the possibility of performing dual calcium and electrophysiological recordings. Here, we describe the techniques used to optimize dye entry into the muscle cells and demonstrate that detectable increases in Fluo-3 fluorescence to elevated calcium concentrations can be achieved in B. malayi using both techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 3","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-020-00247-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38279824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knockout of PINK1 altered the neural connectivity of Drosophila dopamine PPM3 neurons at input and output sites.","authors":"Jing-Da Qiao,&nbsp;Yu-Ling Mao","doi":"10.1007/s10158-020-00244-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-020-00244-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impairment of the dopamine system is the main cause of Parkinson disease (PD). PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) is possibly involved in pathogenesis of PD. However, its role in dopaminergic neurons has not been fully established yet. In the present investigation, we have used the PINK1 knockout Drosophila model to explore the role of PINK1 in dopaminergic neurons. Electrophysiological and behavioral tests indicated that PINK1 elimination enhances the neural transmission from the presynaptic part of dopaminergic neurons in the protocerebral posterior medial region 3 (PPM3) to PPM3 neurons (which are homologous to those in the substantia nigra in humans). Firing properties of the action potential in PPM3 neurons were also altered in the PINK1 knockout genotypes. Abnormal motor ability was also observed in these PINK1 knockout animals. Our results indicate that knockout of PINK1 could alter both the input and output properties of PPM3 neurons.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 3","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-020-00244-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38250239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of behavioral changes underlying conditioned taste aversion in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis.","authors":"Junko Nakai,&nbsp;Yuki Totani,&nbsp;Satoshi Kojima,&nbsp;Manabu Sakakibara,&nbsp;Etsuro Ito","doi":"10.1007/s10158-020-00241-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-020-00241-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) in the freshwater pulmonate Lymnaea stagnalis can be formed by presenting ten pairings of sucrose as the conditioned stimulus (CS) and KCl as the unconditioned stimulus (US). The CTA is consolidated to long-term memory (LTM) lasting longer than a month. In the present study, we examined the time course of protein synthesis-dependent period during the consolidation of Lymnaea CTA to LTM by pharmacological inhibition of transcription or translation. The robustness for CTA-LTM was then examined by extinction trials, i.e., repeated presentations of the CS alone. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of the interstimulus interval (ISI) between the presentation of the CS and US. Our findings indicated that the protein synthesis-dependent period coincides with the CTA training. Repeated presentations of the CS alone after establishment of CTA did not extinguish the CTA, demonstrating the robustness of the CTA-LTM. The ISI ranged from 10 s to a few minutes, and there was no inverted U-shaped function between the ISI and the conditioned response (i.e., suppression of feeding). Thus, CTA still formed even when the presentation of the US was delayed. These features of Lymnaea CTA complement the knowledge for mammalian CTA.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 2","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-020-00241-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37916776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment and comparison of putative amine receptor complement/diversity in the brain and eyestalk ganglia of the lobster, Homarus americanus.","authors":"Andrew E Christie,&nbsp;J Joe Hull,&nbsp;Patsy S Dickinson","doi":"10.1007/s10158-020-0239-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-020-0239-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In decapods, dopamine, octopamine, serotonin, and histamine function as locally released/hormonally delivered modulators of physiology/behavior. Although the functional roles played by amines in decapods have been examined extensively, little is known about the identity/diversity of their amine receptors. Recently, a Homarus americanus mixed nervous system transcriptome was used to identify putative neuronal amine receptors in this species. While many receptors were identified, some were fragmentary, and no evidence of splice/other variants was found. Here, the previously predicted proteins were used to search brain- and eyestalk ganglia-specific transcriptomes to assess/compare amine receptor complements in these portions of the lobster nervous system. All previously identified receptors were reidentified from the brain and/or eyestalk ganglia transcriptomes, i.e., dopamine alpha-1, beta-1, and alpha-2 (Homam-DAα2R) receptors, octopamine alpha (Homam-OctαR), beta-1, beta-2, beta-3, beta-4, and octopamine-tyramine (Homam-OTR-I) receptors, serotonin type-1A, type-1B (Homam-5HTR1B), type-2B, and type-7 receptors; and histamine type-1 (Homam-HA1R), type-2, type-3, and type-4 receptors. For many previously partial proteins, full-length receptors were deduced from brain and/or eyestalk ganglia transcripts, i.e., Homam-DAα2R, Homam-OctαR, Homam-OTR-I, and Homam-5HTR1B. In addition, novel dopamine/ecdysteroid, octopamine alpha-2, and OTR receptors were discovered, the latter, Homam-OTR-II, being a putative paralog of Homam-OTR-I. Finally, evidence for splice/other variants was found for many receptors, including evidence for some being assembly-specific, e.g., a brain-specific Homam-OTR-I variant and an eyestalk ganglia-specific Homam-HA1R variant. To increase confidence in the transcriptome-derived sequences, a subset of receptors was cloned using RT-PCR. These data complement/augment those reported previously, providing a more complete picture of amine receptor complement/diversity in the lobster nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 2","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-020-0239-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37773925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epithelial domains and the primordial antennal nervous system of the embryonic grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria.","authors":"George Boyan,&nbsp;Erica Ehrhardt","doi":"10.1007/s10158-020-0240-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-020-0240-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The antenna is a key sensory organ in insects. Factors which pattern its epithelium and the spacing of sensillae will play an important role in shaping its contribution to adaptive behavior. The antenna of the grasshopper S. gregaria has three major articulations: scape, pedicel, and flagellum. During postembryonic development, the flagellum lengthens as segments (so-called meristal annuli) are added at each molt. However, the five most apical annuli do not subdivide; thus, their epithelial domains must already be defined during embryogenesis. We investigated epithelial compartmentalization and its relationship to the developing primordial nervous system of the antenna by simultaneous immunolabeling against the epithelial cell surface molecule Lachesin, against neuron-specific horseradish peroxidase, and against the mitosis marker phospho-histone 3. We found that Lachesin is initially expressed in a highly ordered pattern of \"rings\" and a \"sock\" in the apical antennal epithelium of the early embryo. These expression domains appear in a stereotypic order and prefigure later articulations. Proliferative cells segregate into these developing domains and pioneer- and sensory-cell precursors were molecularly identified. Our study allows pioneer neurons, guidepost cells, and the earliest sensory cell clusters of the primordial nervous system to be allocated to their respective epithelial domain. As the apical-most five domains remain stable through subsequent development, lengthening of the flagellum must originate from more basal regions and is likely to be under the control of factors homologous to those which regulate boundary and joint formation in the antenna of Drosophila.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 2","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-020-0240-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37773928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico analyses suggest the cardiac ganglion of the lobster, Homarus americanus, contains a diverse array of putative innexin/innexin-like proteins, including both known and novel members of this protein family.","authors":"Andrew E Christie,&nbsp;J Joe Hull,&nbsp;Patsy S Dickinson","doi":"10.1007/s10158-020-0238-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-020-0238-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gap junctions are physical channels that connect adjacent cells, permitting the flow of small molecules/ions between the cytoplasms of the coupled units. Innexin/innexin-like proteins are responsible for the formation of invertebrate gap junctions. Within the nervous system, gap junctions often function as electrical synapses, providing a means for coordinating activity among electrically coupled neurons. While some gap junctions allow the bidirectional flow of small molecules/ions between coupled cells, others permit flow in one direction only or preferentially. The complement of innexins present in a gap junction determines its specific properties. Thus, understanding innexin diversity is key for understanding the full potential of electrical coupling in a species/system. The decapod crustacean cardiac ganglion (CG), which controls cardiac muscle contractions, is a simple pattern-generating neural network with extensive electrical coupling among its circuit elements. In the lobster, Homarus americanus, prior work suggested that the adult neuronal innexin complement consists of six innexins (Homam-Inx1-4 and Homam-Inx6-7). Here, using a H. americanus CG-specific transcriptome, we explored innexin complement in this portion of the lobster nervous system. With the exception of Homam-Inx4, all of the previously described innexins appear to be expressed in the H. americanus CG. In addition, transcripts encoding seven novel putative innexins (Homam-Inx8-14) were identified, four (Homam-Inx8-11) having multiple splice variants, e.g., six for Homam-Inx8. Collectively, these data indicate that the innexin complement of the lobster nervous system in general, and the CG specifically, is likely significantly greater than previously reported, suggesting the possibility of expanded gap junction diversity and function in H. americanus.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 2","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-020-0238-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37691695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A standardized battery of tests to measure Octopus vulgaris' behavioural performance.","authors":"Luciana Borrelli,&nbsp;Cinzia Chiandetti,&nbsp;Graziano Fiorito","doi":"10.1007/s10158-020-0237-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-020-0237-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we introduce a series of behavioural tasks to assess inter-individual variability in behaviours exhibited by the cephalopod mollusc Octopus vulgaris. We propose that, by using octopus' predatory behavioural response, it is possible to measure: (1) the ability to adapt to the captive condition (acclimatization), (2) the response towards novel stimuli (neophobia), (3) the capability of social learning, (4) the ability of solving problems (problem solving), and (5) the response to artificial stimuli (preferences, individual learning). To assure comparability and reproducibility of results, this battery of tests is here applied to a large sample of individuals in standardized experimental conditions. Such battery of tests serves as an in vivo screening that should be adopted not only to investigate cognitive abilities in specific behavioural domains, but also to monitor the welfare status of animals under captivity, thus to check sensory functions as well as motor abilities in other investigations within the fields of biology and neuroscience. Our aim was to provide a reliable tool to exploit this animal species for research in different fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-020-0237-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37645927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of the molecular components of a putative Jasus edwardsii (Crustacea; Decapoda; Achelata) circadian signaling system.","authors":"Andrew E Christie","doi":"10.1007/s10158-020-0236-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-020-0236-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Like all organisms, members of the crustacean order Decapoda must coordinate their physiology and behavior to accommodate recurring patterns of environmental change. Genetically encoded biological clocks are responsible, at least in part, for the proper timing of these organism-environment patternings. While biological clocks cycling on a wide range of timescales have been identified, the circadian signaling system, which serves to coordinate physiological/behavioral events to the solar day, is perhaps the best known and most thoroughly investigated. While many circadian patterns of physiology/behavior have been documented in decapods, few data exist concerning the identity of circadian genes/proteins in members of this taxon. In fact, large collections of circadian genes/proteins have been described from just a handful of decapod species. Here, a publicly accessible transcriptome, produced from tissues that included the nervous system (brain and eyestalk ganglia), was used to identify the molecular components of a circadian signaling system for rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, a member of the decapod infraorder Achelata. Complete sets of core clock (those involved in the establishment of the molecular feedback loop that allows for ~ 24-h cyclical timing), clock-associated (those involved in modulation of core clock output), and clock input pathway (those that allow for synchronization of the core clock to the solar day) genes/proteins are reported. This is the first description of a putative circadian signaling system from any member of the infraorder Achelata, and as such, expands the decapod taxa for which complete complements of putative circadian genes/proteins have been identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-020-0236-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37635763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA interference supports a role for Nanchung-Inactive in mechanotransduction by the cockroach, Periplaneta americana, tactile spine.","authors":"Anneka Hennenfent,&nbsp;Hongxia Liu,&nbsp;Päivi H Torkkeli,&nbsp;Andrew S French","doi":"10.1007/s10158-019-0234-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10158-019-0234-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteins encoded by nanchung, inactive, nompC and piezo genes have been shown to play crucial roles in the initial detection of mechanical force by various insect auditory neurons, nociceptors and touch receptors. Most of this previous research has been performed on the larval and adult fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. We identified and assembled all four homologous genes in transcriptomes from the cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Injection of long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into the adult cockroach abdomen successfully reduced the expression of each gene, as measured by quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). A simple electrophysiological assay was used to record action potential firing in afferent nerves of cockroach femoral tactile spines in response to a standardized mechanical step displacement. Responses of nanchung knockdown animals were significantly reduced compared to matched sham-injected animals at 14 and 21 days after injection, and inactive knockdowns similarly at 21 days. In contrast, responses of nompC and piezo knockdowns were unchanged. Our results support a model in which Nanchung and Inactive proteins combine to form a part of the mechanotransduction mechanism in the cockroach tactile spine.</p>","PeriodicalId":14430,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Neuroscience","volume":"20 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10158-019-0234-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37562578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}