International Trade最新文献_第10页

Assessing the Economic Impacts of an Economic Partnership Agreement on Nigeria 评估经济伙伴关系协定对尼日利亚的经济影响

International Trade Pub Date : 2009-04-01 DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-4920

S. Andriamananjara, P. Brenton, Jan Erik von Uexkull, P. Walkenhorst

{"title":"Assessing the Economic Impacts of an Economic Partnership Agreement on Nigeria","authors":"S. Andriamananjara, P. Brenton, Jan Erik von Uexkull, P. Walkenhorst","doi":"10.1596/1813-9450-4920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4920","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses potential economic implications for Nigeria of an Economic Partnership Agreement with the European Union. It uses the World Banks Tariff Reform Impact Simulation Tool to assess the effects of preferential tariff liberalization with respect to the European Union. The results suggest that the impact of an Economic Partnership Agreement on total imports into Nigeria will be slight. This is in part because the Agreement will likely allow the most protected sectors to be excluded from liberalization, and also because where substantial tariffs are involved much of the increase in imports from the European Union will occur at the expense of other suppliers of imports. It is this trade diversion, arising from the discriminatory nature of the EPA, which generates a negative welfare impact of the tariff reforms. One way for Nigeria to limit these losses is to pursue non-preferential trade liberalization before implementing an EPA. The paper looks at the large number of import bans in Nigeria and argues that the positive impact on welfare of removing these import bans is likely to be substantial. Their removal would undermine a major reason for cross border smuggling and pave the way for a return to normal regional trade flows. The paper shows how an Economic Partnership Agreement presents an opportunity for accelerating the reforms that are needed to support a strategy to increase regional and global trade integration. Such an agreement is more likely to have positive and significant impacts when integrated into a comprehensive strategy toward competitiveness and alleviation of the supply constraints that have stifled the impact of previous trade agreements. Key issues that should be addressed include liberalization and regulatory strengthening of services sectors to ensure that all firms in Nigeria have access to efficiently produced backbone services and initiatives to address the countrys poor trade logistics performance.","PeriodicalId":14396,"journal":{"name":"International Trade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89624564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Implications of WTO Disciplines for Special Economic Zones in Developing Countries 世贸组织规则对发展中国家经济特区的影响

International Trade Pub Date : 2009-04-01 DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-4892

Stephen Creskoff, P. Walkenhorst

{"title":"Implications of WTO Disciplines for Special Economic Zones in Developing Countries","authors":"Stephen Creskoff, P. Walkenhorst","doi":"10.1596/1813-9450-4892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4892","url":null,"abstract":"Many developing countries operate geographically delineated economic areas in the form of export processing zones, special industrial zones, or free trade zones. This paper provides an overview of the application of World Trade Organization disciplines to incentive programs typically employed by developing countries in connection with such special economic zone programs. The analysis finds that the disciplines under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures have the most immediate relevance for middle-income World Trade Organization members that are not exempt for certain\"grandfathered\"programs, but will also concern other developing countries in the future, as their exemption expires or their per-capita income passes a threshold of US$1,000. Incentives related to special economic zones can be broadly grouped into three categories: (i) measures that are consistent with the World Trade Organization, notably exemptions from duties and taxes on goods exported from special economic zones; (ii) measures that are prohibited or subject to challenge under World Trade Organization law, notably export subsidies and import substitution or domestic content subsidies; and (iii) and measures where World Trade Orgainzation consistency depends on the facts of the particular case. The paper provides a set of recommendations on how to eliminate questionable incentives. The single most important zone policy reform to achieve World Trade Organization compliance is to remove all requirements to export and permit importation of goods manufactured in special economic zones into the national customs territory without any restrictions other than the application of import duties and taxes.","PeriodicalId":14396,"journal":{"name":"International Trade","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75280778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

The Limits to Integration 融合的极限

International Trade Pub Date : 2009-03-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1358442

M. Fratianni, F. Marchionne

引用次数: 22

Problems Faced by Knit Ware Unit Workers in Tiruppur District, Tamil Nadu - Empirical Study 泰米尔纳德邦蒂鲁普尔地区针织品单位工人面临的问题——实证研究

International Trade Pub Date : 2009-03-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1354465

Dr. Krishnamurthy Ravichandran, Dr. Christy Selvarani

{"title":"Problems Faced by Knit Ware Unit Workers in Tiruppur District, Tamil Nadu - Empirical Study","authors":"Dr. Krishnamurthy Ravichandran, Dr. Christy Selvarani","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1354465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1354465","url":null,"abstract":"Apparel has retained an important place in human life starting from historical era to today's modern world1. Apparel industry in the contemporary market is truly a global industry. Textile and apparel industries are vital parts of the world economy, providing employment to tens of millions, mostly, women workers in nearly two hundred countries. Globalization is inevitable and unavoidable under the present world economic situation. Many industries are affected positively or negatively with the globalization trend. The textile industry is no exception. It has been facing a crisis situation in the past few years. It faces a tough competition in the world market6. The global textile and clothing trade has increased by around 60 times from $ 6 billion in 1962 to $395 in the year 2003. Many workers in Tiruppur region are migrant workers from the poor rural areas of Tamilnadu, where there is not enough employment and wages are extremely low. These workers came from nearby villages and they came as a family and settled in Tiruppur. As the wages of the head of the family is not sufficient, women and children have been forced to work in the knitwear units due to poverty.","PeriodicalId":14396,"journal":{"name":"International Trade","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85196045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-Border Cooperation - A Tool for Regional Development in Europe 跨界合作——欧洲区域发展的工具

International Trade Pub Date : 2009-03-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1351728

Diana-Manuela Lina, Maria Viorica Bedrule-Grigoruță

{"title":"Cross-Border Cooperation - A Tool for Regional Development in Europe","authors":"Diana-Manuela Lina, Maria Viorica Bedrule-Grigoruță","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1351728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1351728","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present the importance of the cross border cooperation for the regional development in European Union. We would also want to put a stress on the euroregions concept, as forms for promoting regional integration through cross border cooperation - the case of Siret-Prut-Nistru Euroregion situated in Romania-Moldova Republic border area. With its last enlargement in 2007, the European Union has taken a big step forward in promoting security and prosperity on the European continent. The accession of Romania in E.U. also means that the external borders of the Union have changed, E.U. have acquired new neighbours and have come closer to old ones. These circumstances have created both opportunities and challenges. In this context, the Economic and Social Development Strategy for Siret-Prut-Nistru Euroregion, 2007-2013 project aims to promote reinforcing the existing forms of regional cooperation and to provide a strategic framework for their further development, which is corresponding to the objectives of the European Neighbourhood Policy. In this context, the cooperation between Ungheni (Republic of Moldova) and Iasi (Romania) evolved and conveyed to an institutional structure - Siret-Prut-Nistru euroregion. We think the future success or failure of this entity is depending on the public administrations capacities to promote and sustain partnerships.","PeriodicalId":14396,"journal":{"name":"International Trade","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73369266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Two Italian Puzzles: Are Productivity Growth and Competitiveness Really so Depressed? 意大利的两个谜题:生产率增长和竞争力真的如此低迷吗?

International Trade Pub Date : 2009-03-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1417456

Lorenzo Codogno

引用次数: 27

International Trade and Retailing 国际贸易与零售

International Trade Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1368663

C. Eckel

引用次数: 107

Trade, Markup Heterogeneity and Misallocations 贸易、加价异质性和错配

International Trade Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1553709

Paolo Epifani, G. Gancia