{"title":"Development of a high frequency and high-voltage pulse transformer for a TWT HVPS","authors":"S.C. Kim, S. Nam, H. Keon, D. Park","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1278015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1278015","url":null,"abstract":"A pulse transformer for a high frequency and high voltage operation had been designed, fabricated, and tested. The high frequency operation of the pulse transformer increases power density. Therefore, it is possible to reduce power supply volume. To produce high voltage output, the transformer should have a high step-up ratio. The step-up ratio is generally limited in pulse transformers due to stray capacitance and leakage inductance. The limit was overcome by winding multi-secondary outputs. Switching frequency of the transformer was 80 kHz. Input and output voltages of the transformer were 265 VDC and 4.1 kV, respectively. Normal operation power of the transformer was 1.7 kW. Maximum volume of the transformer was 200 cm/sup 3/. Pulse transformers with various winding arrangements are fabricated to check variations in electrical characteristics. In this paper, design procedures and test results of the high frequency and high voltage pulse transformer is presented. Results of various parameters, such as transformer loss, temperature rise, leakage inductance, distributed capacitance, was discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116379497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Avrillaud, L. Courtois, J. Guerre, P. Héreil, F. Lassalle, F. Bayol, P. L’eplattenier, B. Kovalchuck, E. Kumpjak, N. Zoi, Alexander A. Kim
{"title":"GEPI: a compact pulsed power driver for isentropic compression experiments and for non shocked high velocity flyer plates","authors":"G. Avrillaud, L. Courtois, J. Guerre, P. Héreil, F. Lassalle, F. Bayol, P. L’eplattenier, B. Kovalchuck, E. Kumpjak, N. Zoi, Alexander A. Kim","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1277959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1277959","url":null,"abstract":"GEPI is a pulsed power generator developed by ITHPP for Centre d'Etudes de Gramat (CEG), devoted to isentropic compression experiments in the 1 Gpa to 100 Gpa (IMbar) range, and to non shocked high velocity flyer plates in the 100 m/s to 17 km/s range. The main idea is to generate a high magnetic pressure in a strip line where the samples are located. The whole design is based on low inductance technologies. Depending on the load, the current reaches between 3 and 4 MA in 600 ns. The entire design has been done in a cost effective way and in order to achieve an easy-to-use capability. A description of the generator is shown and typical results of the studies led by CEG are presented. The matters of concern are equations of state, phase transitions and impact of high velocity flyer plates.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126012969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. M. Idrissi, M. Dudemaine, R. Viladrosa, É. Robert, C. Cachoncinlle, J. Pouvesle
{"title":"Experimental study and development of a single focus burst X-ray flash","authors":"M. M. Idrissi, M. Dudemaine, R. Viladrosa, É. Robert, C. Cachoncinlle, J. Pouvesle","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1277921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1277921","url":null,"abstract":"A compact single focus X-rays flash device is described in this paper. This device is composed of the following essential components: a 50 kV high voltage power supply, a capacitor bank, a pulse forming line, a high frequency and high voltage switch, a voltage multiplier and an X-ray tube. Before breakdown into the X-ray tube, voltage can be rise up to 400 kV, leading to photon of maximum energy around 400 keV. The duration of voltage pulses is 100 ns. The device can work in two different modes: pulsed mode up to 700 Hz; or in the burst mode at very high frequency. The number of shots in a burst can be chosen between 2 and 6. In burst mode, the system can work up to 20 kHz.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123797662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Li ion energy storage for pulse power applications","authors":"T. Matty, K. Nechev","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1277768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1277768","url":null,"abstract":"Li Ion is a relatively new battery technology that has been commercialized within the past 15 years for many products especially portable power. Recently work has been undertaken to explore the high power capability of this technology. The results indicate that present products can provide very high rate capability >12 kW/kg. Investigations are underway to further improve this capability in anticipation of needs for DE and other advanced applications that will require Compact High Power Sources. These cells were also tested using a typical pulse pattern that might be used to drive a diode pumped solid state laser. Many other applications have proven that it provides long life, low maintenance, and long-term affordability without environment sensitivities.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126846798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An investigation of the pulsed characteristics of high-voltage silicon carbide diodes","authors":"D. Surls, M. Crawford","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1277680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1277680","url":null,"abstract":"Pulsed alternators and capacitor banks are the two primary energy storage mechanisms used to power very high current loads with pulse lengths on the order of several milliseconds. Both of these sources require switches capable of conducting megamperes of current and operating at voltages on the order of several kilovolts. Switch modules can be constructed using solid-state silicon switches in large series/parallel arrangements, but these modules make up a considerable portion of the mass and volume of the pulsed power system. In an effort to reduce the size of the pulsed power systems, it has been proposed that the superior electrical and mechanical properties of silicon carbide (SiC) will result in mass and volume savings in the range of up to 60 percent for systems with the high-current Silicon (Si) devices replaced with SiC devices. Experimental testing of 4H-SiC PiN high-voltage diodes is being conducted at the University of Texas at Austin's Institute for Advanced Technology to investigate the capabilities of SiC as a semiconductor device material in pulsed power applications. This paper describes testing of 1-mm, 2-mm, 3-mm, and 6-mm square PiN diodes fabricated by CREE, Inc. with epitaxial layers of 90/spl mu/m, 120/spl mu/m, and 150/spl mu/m.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128773667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Kiel, J. Parker, P. Manson, E. Holwitt, L. Stribling, M. Sloan, P. Morales, J. Vivekananda, D. Gonzalez, A. Tijerina, J. Alls
{"title":"Using specific binding DNA capture elements to direct pulsed power killing of biological agents","authors":"J. Kiel, J. Parker, P. Manson, E. Holwitt, L. Stribling, M. Sloan, P. Morales, J. Vivekananda, D. Gonzalez, A. Tijerina, J. Alls","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1277700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1277700","url":null,"abstract":"We have demonstrated that coating bacterial spores with organic semiconductor (diazoluminomelanin) enhances killing of these spores by pulsed microwave energy in aqueous solutions. Here we present additional data showing that this can be done with dry agent in a pulsed corona plasma reactor. We also show that the reduction/oxidation reactions that mediate these effects can be generated on the immediate surface of the target spores by microwave pulses by linking the organic semiconductor specifically to the spore surface with a DNA capture element.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129053527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Space-charge limited current for 1-D cylindrical diodes","authors":"X. Chen, K. Dickens, E. Choi, M. Kristiansen","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1277752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1277752","url":null,"abstract":"By introducing a physics approximation method into analyzing the nonlinear Poisson's equation, an analytical expression for the space-charge-limited current density for a one-dimensional (1-D) cylindrical diode has been investigated and developed. This expression is different from Child-Langmuir law for the planar diode and is simpler than Langmuir-Blodgett law for the cylindrical diode. This expression builds an explicit connection between the current density and the physical parameters, which is helpful in optimizing the design of the cylindrical vacuum diode. In addition, a comparison between our analytical result and Langmuir-Blodgett law shows that the physics approximation method is valid in nonlinear differential equation analysis and can be used in other similar cases. Applying the approximation method, we get the relativistic theory corrected current for 1-D cylindrical diodes.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131224355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Watanabe, Y. Hayashi, H. Taniguchi, P. Chalise, A. Okino, K. Horioka, E. Hotta
{"title":"Characteristics of capillary discharge Ne-like Ar soft X-ray laser","authors":"M. Watanabe, Y. Hayashi, H. Taniguchi, P. Chalise, A. Okino, K. Horioka, E. Hotta","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1277931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1277931","url":null,"abstract":"Soft X-ray laser has some convenient properties such as short wavelength, monochromaticity and coherency. Aiming at the development of a table-top size laser, we have designed, fabricated and tested a soft X-ray device, which uses a capillary discharge to achieve neon-like argon lasing (J = 0 - 1, /spl lambda/ = 46.9 nm). The pulsed power generator consists of a Marx generator, a pulse transformer, a pulse forming line, a gap switch and a capillary made of Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ ceramics. Previously, spike output has been observed, when operating the device with a predischarge current of 5 to 15 A and a main discharge current of 9 to 35 kA with a rise time of 55 ns in an argon gas pressure range from 100 to 800 mTorr. When the distance between the end of capillary and the X-ray diode detector changed, the amplitude of spike signal does not change. This indicates that the spike signal shows directivity, which is a property of the laser. In the present study, spectroscopic measurement has been conducted using a grazing incidence spectrometer. The line at 46.9 nm has been observed. The X-ray diode measurement has also been conducted by varying the capillary length,. The result shows that the laser output exponentially increases with increasing the capillary length.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130304312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficiency enhancement of high power microwave generation from a cylindrical virtual cathode oscillator with ring-type reflector","authors":"E. Choi, K. Y. Sung, W. Jeon, H. Uhm","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1277750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1277750","url":null,"abstract":"We have investigated an efficiency enhancement of high power microwave generation from cylindrical virtual cathode oscillator by adopting a ring type reflector in this experiment. This high power microwave generator is powered by the \"Chundoong\" intense relativistic electron beam pulser (Max : 600 kV, 88 kA and 60 ns duration). It is noted in this experiment that the maximum power can be obtained at the cylindrical A-K gap distance of 8 mm with ring-type reflector width 7mm. The microwave frequency has been measured to be 4.8/spl sim/5.1 GHz by combination of coupled line band pass filters with band gap of 1 GHz and dispersive delay line. It is noted that the output microwave power and its microwave conversion efficiency without reflector are about 244 MW and 2.7 %, respectively, at A-K gap distance 4mm in this experiment. It is especially found in this experiment that the maximum microwave output power and efficiency with optimized ring-type reflector could be enhanced up to 426 MW and 7.1 %, respectively.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121248712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Michalczyk, C. Friel, C. Vincent, J. Marret, J. Mexmain, D. de Cervens, P. Pere
{"title":"Failure mode analysis on capacitor energy banks","authors":"P. Michalczyk, C. Friel, C. Vincent, J. Marret, J. Mexmain, D. de Cervens, P. Pere","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2003.1277766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2003.1277766","url":null,"abstract":"Capacitor energy banks can be considered as power converters in which the energy storage is charged within a long time (some tenths of seconds) and the energy released within a short time (from microseconds to milliseconds). The converter function is provided by a capacitor, which has to withstand two constraints: 1. high stored energy which relates to electrostatics: a high electric field is applied to the dielectric of the capacitor. 2. high output current which relates to electrodynamics: stress is applied to the galvanic circuit of the capacitor. The evolution of the requirement in terms of stored energy (both increase of and density of) necessitates the most exhaustive analysis of the induced risks and consequences. This analysis has been conducted for the MegaJoule Laser Project. Its energy bank will store within one minute 450 MJ at 24 kV. Then, the bank should be able to deliver a 135 MA pulse current within 360 /spl mu/s. This study will analyze the failure modes of the capacitors and their effects will be experimentally verified.","PeriodicalId":143385,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121297622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}