International Journal of Oil Palm最新文献_第3页

Kinetics of Vitamin A Degradation and Oxidation of Palm Oil Fortified with Retinyl Palmitate and β-Carotene from Red Palm Oil 红棕榈油中棕榈酸视黄醇和β-胡萝卜素强化棕榈油的维生素A降解和氧化动力学

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i3.44

Krisna Margaretta Malau, N. Andarwulan, D. Martianto, D. Gitapratiwi, Ayu Cahyaning Wulan, Dwi Fitriani, P. Hariyadi

{"title":"Kinetics of Vitamin A Degradation and Oxidation of Palm Oil Fortified with Retinyl Palmitate and β-Carotene from Red Palm Oil","authors":"Krisna Margaretta Malau, N. Andarwulan, D. Martianto, D. Gitapratiwi, Ayu Cahyaning Wulan, Dwi Fitriani, P. Hariyadi","doi":"10.35876/ijop.v2i3.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35876/ijop.v2i3.44","url":null,"abstract":"Retinyl palmitate and β-carotene from red palm oil (RPO-β-carotene) can be used as sources to fortify vegetable oil. The present study tested three types of bulk palm cooking oil with a peroxide value (PV) of 0, ±4, and ±8 mEq O2kg-1 which each was fortified with retinyl palmitate or RPO-β-carotene alone and combination of both fortificants. The stability of the fortificants in oil samples during storage was investigated. A kinetic analysis of oxidation reaction in fortified palm cooking oil stored in tightly closed amber vials in the dark at different temperatures (60±5, 75±5, and 90±5 °C) was conducted, and then PV, vitamin A concentration and their change rate of reaction in the oils were measured. It reveals that initial PV and mixture of retinyl palmitate and RPO-β-carotene in fortified oil affected the oil stability. Higher initial PV of oil increased the reaction rate constant of peroxide formation and degradation of vitamin A activity during storage. Oxidation reactions of oil samples fortified with the mixtures of retinyl palmitate and RPO-β-carotene was faster than that fortified with retinyl palmitate or RPO-β-carotene only. Our research suggests that applying single fortificant of retinyl palmitate or RPO-β-carotene in oil is more stable than that fortified with combination of both fortificants.","PeriodicalId":14324,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oil Palm","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74081597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Effects of Environment and Nutritional Conditions on mycelial growth of Ganoderma boninense 环境和营养条件对牛灵芝菌丝生长的影响

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i3.43

S. Peng, C. Yap, Peng Ren, E. Chai

引用次数: 2

Study on Characteristics of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch to Predict Condensation Temperature of Tar from its Pyrolysis Gas 油棕空果串特性预测其裂解气中焦油冷凝温度的研究

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i3.42

J. Joni, A. Tambunan, R. P. Setiawan, K. Siregar

{"title":"Study on Characteristics of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch to Predict Condensation Temperature of Tar from its Pyrolysis Gas","authors":"J. Joni, A. Tambunan, R. P. Setiawan, K. Siregar","doi":"10.35876/ijop.v2i3.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35876/ijop.v2i3.42","url":null,"abstract":"Palm oil is one type of plants that has various advantages. One of the advantages is almost all parts of the plant, such as trunk, empty fruit bunch (EFB), and the extracted oil, can be utilized as energy. Utilization of EFB for energy, especially the use of combustible gas as direct feed of combustion engines to generate electricity is still rarely used. This is related to the water content and the large amount of volatile substances that will give an unfavorable impact on the quality of the gas produced. To overcome this, information on the characteristics and thermophysical properties, such as dew point, of gases from the EFB biomass is indispensable. In this study, three EFB samples were taken from three different environmental conditions, namely samples A, B and C, to be analyzed. The elemental and proximate analysis as well as GCMS pyrolysis test of the samples were then used to characterize the EFB and determine its thermo-physical properties in terms of its dew point. The elemental analysis of the EFB samples showed disparity of its content, which was around 52.08 ± 7.59% (C), 7.05 ± 0.53% (H), 2.28 ± 0.43% (N), 0.35 ± 0.36% (S) and 34.84 ± 4.45% (O). Likewise, the proximate analysis showed differences around 4.49 ± 2.60% (MC), 5.80 ± 1.97% (FC) and 73.44 ± 3.78% (VM). From the elemental and proximate analysis, it can be predicted that tar compounds produced from pyrolysis of the EFB at a temperature of 400oC, was in the form of mixed oxidation compounds (mixed oxygenates). The compounds were classified as the first tar compound (class 2) consisting of phenols (ketones, phenol and guaiacol). The condensation temperature and the concentration of the tar in its pyrolysis gas were predicted to be 204.22oC, tar 1720.79 mg/Nm3 (sample A); 256.02oC, tar 92.97 mg/Nm3 (sample B); and154.85oC, tar 359.02 mg/Nm3 (sample C), respectively. This information can be useful in designing the tar elimination devices from the pyrolysis gas.","PeriodicalId":14324,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oil Palm","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78954336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Impact of Increasing in Production Capacity of CPO Downstream Industries on Competitiveness and Welfare of Oil Palm Farmers in Indoneisa 印尼油棕下游产业产能提升对油棕农户竞争力和福利的影响

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-05-31 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i2.33

Novindra Novindra, B. Sinaga, S. Hartoyo, Erwidodo Erwidodo

{"title":"Impact of Increasing in Production Capacity of CPO Downstream Industries on Competitiveness and Welfare of Oil Palm Farmers in Indoneisa","authors":"Novindra Novindra, B. Sinaga, S. Hartoyo, Erwidodo Erwidodo","doi":"10.35876/ijop.v2i2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35876/ijop.v2i2.33","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia is the largest country in exporting crude palm oil (CPO) to the world market. However, the production capacity of the CPO downstream industries in Indonesia must continue to be increased, bearing in mind that Indonesia also imports CPO derivative products. In addition, oil palm plantations in Indonesia still face environmental and social issues, such as: deforestation, damage to peatlands, destruction of wildlife habitat (such as orang-utans), and land tenure conflicts. In this connection, Indonesia needs to continue to develop the CPO downstream industries that can increase added value and foreign exchange, absorb employment, and address environmental and social issues. Therefore we need appropriate government policies to support the development of the CPO downstream industries. The purposes of writing this paper were to analyze the factors that influence CPO demand by the CPO downstream industries (ie: palm cooking oil, margarine and soap industry) in Indonesia, and to evaluate the impact of facilitation policy that increasing production capacity of the CPO downstream industries on the CPO competitiveness of Indonesia-Malaysia and the palm cooking oil, margarine and soap competitiveness of Indonesia, as well as the welfare of oil palm farmers in the 2015-2017 period. This paper was part of the dissertation research results that using the CPO industry econometrics model. The dissertation model specification is a dynamic simultaneous equation consisting of 71 behavioral equations and 51 identities, while the model was estimated and simulated using the 2SLS and Newton methods. The results showed that the production capacity of the CPO downstream industries affected CPO demand by the CPO downstream industries. Furthermore, if the production capacity of CPO downstream industries (palm cooking oil, margarine, soap, biodiesel and others) increases, it will increase the Indonesian competitiveness in export CPO and its derivative and welfare of oil palm farmers in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":14324,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oil Palm","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84849834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Response of Immature Oil Palm Growth and CO2 emission on Intercropping System After Replanting 间作系统对未成熟油棕生长和CO2排放的响应

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i2.30

H. Hariyadi, Purwanto Mohammad Yanuar Jarwadi, D. Rosa, M. Tri, Kurniawati Ani

{"title":"Response of Immature Oil Palm Growth and CO2 emission on Intercropping System After Replanting","authors":"H. Hariyadi, Purwanto Mohammad Yanuar Jarwadi, D. Rosa, M. Tri, Kurniawati Ani","doi":"10.35876/ijop.v2i2.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35876/ijop.v2i2.30","url":null,"abstract":"One of the problems in smallholder oil palm plantations was the financing for replanting and loss of revenues during immature oil palm period. One alternative to the problem was the development of an adaptive plant system through intercropping crops planted among immature oil palm crops. The research was conducted in banjar seminai village, dayun subdistrict, siak regency, Riau Province on May to October 2017. The study used a factorial randomized block design with three replications. Annual crops treatment consists of corn, soybean, eggplant and chili. The results showed that there was positive response of oil palm height on intercropping systems. Corn intercropping plants increased the height of oil palm crops. The intercropping plants had no significant effect on the number of leaf midrib and the width of oil palm canopy. Monoculture oil palm crops without intercropping produced average emissions of 8.78 t CO2 ha-1yr-1. Oil palm intercrop with eggplant and soybean produces the highest CO2 emissions of 10.4 and 10.2 t CO2 ha-¹yr-¹, while oil palm in intercrop with chili produced the lowest CO2 emissions of 8.66 t CO2 ha-1yr-¹.","PeriodicalId":14324,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oil Palm","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72596299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Second Generation Biodiesel Production from Upgrading of Palm-Based Bio-Oil: Technology Study through Process Simulation 棕榈基生物油升级生产第二代生物柴油:过程模拟技术研究

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i2.13

M. D. Solikhah, H. P. Putra, A. Prismantoko, A. Kismanto, G. W. Murti, T. Araki, H. Nabetani

{"title":"Second Generation Biodiesel Production from Upgrading of Palm-Based Bio-Oil: Technology Study through Process Simulation","authors":"M. D. Solikhah, H. P. Putra, A. Prismantoko, A. Kismanto, G. W. Murti, T. Araki, H. Nabetani","doi":"10.35876/ijop.v2i2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35876/ijop.v2i2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel has become favorable fuel for diesel fuel substitute to overcome the limited fossil fuel resources while facing the increasing of energy consumption. However, the use of FAME biodiesel is currently limited to mixing up to 30%. Therefore, it is necessary to consider other fuels as an alternative to diesel oil. One of them is by developing second generation biodiesel, which produced from the upgrading process of bio-oil as a result of pyrolysis. Bio-oil can be upgraded to fuel with range naphtha through two main processes that consisted of hydro-processing and catalytic cracking. Techno-economic studies on bio-oil production from oil palm biomass have been studied but the techno-economic studies up to upgraded bio-oil have not included. Before a techno-economic study was carried out, it was necessary to select the process technology route of upgrading bio-oil. Therefore, it is required to conduct a study of industry and the comparison of second generation biodiesel production technology from the upgrading of oil palm-based bio-oil to obtain an optimum process flow diagram. Process simulations were conducted using ChemCad software so that the mass balance and ratio of energy consumption was obtained. This work estimated the biofuel produced from palm residues collected from 19 units of a 60 tons/hour palm oil mill. The bio-oil input is 70.35 tons/hours with upgrading oil yield of 32.21%. The energy yield of this model is 35.7% while required 76.5 MMJ/hour of the energy. The energy required for this process can be provided by an integrated fuel upgrading facilities that connected with the palm bio-oil production plant could provide self-sustainable production facilities.","PeriodicalId":14324,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oil Palm","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86088037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Palm Oil in Gelato for Better Melting and Mouthfeel Properties 在冰淇淋中加入棕榈油，以获得更好的融化性和口感

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i2.32

Eddy Kemenady, Muhammad Eka Pramudita, Muhammad Arief Prabawa

{"title":"Palm Oil in Gelato for Better Melting and Mouthfeel Properties","authors":"Eddy Kemenady, Muhammad Eka Pramudita, Muhammad Arief Prabawa","doi":"10.35876/ijop.v2i2.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35876/ijop.v2i2.32","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the growth of gelato outlets in Bali, Surabaya, Jakarta, and many cities in Indonesia hit 30-45% since 2013 to 2018. The gelato outlet has good margin at least 50% gross profit. However, the consumers need gelato not only good in taste but also it is not easy to melt. In modern world the formulations are based on premix of modified starch, sugar, emulsifier, stabilizers and milk solid nonfat. One of most popular brands of gelato premix is imported from Italy. In recent years, the use of palm oil in gelato is hardly reviewed. However, in ice cream business, palm oil is used widely. The fat blends of palm oil and palm kernel oil at PO/PKO (30/70; w w-1) was used, because the solid fat content (SFC) properties is similar to the SFC of butter oil. The level of this fat blend in gelato was varied from 5, 8, 10 and 12%. This research showed that the optimum fat blend addition in formula was found at 8%. The dripped test is used at 28 °C ambient temperature to measure heat stability. It was found that the more fat blend in gelato, the more stable the texture to heat shock and made the gelato easy to scoop as well. The cost in formulation with this 8% palm oil blend to gelato formulation is only 2.8%. Therefore, the palm oil blend in gelato formulation gives significant improvement melting and mouthfeel properties at insignificant cost addition.","PeriodicalId":14324,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oil Palm","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87313627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preliminary Product Acceptance and Initial Price of Virgin Red Palm Oil on African Expatriate Communnity in Jakarta 初榨红棕榈油在雅加达非洲侨民社区的初步产品验收和初始价格

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i2.27

M. Andrianto

{"title":"Preliminary Product Acceptance and Initial Price of Virgin Red Palm Oil on African Expatriate Communnity in Jakarta","authors":"M. Andrianto","doi":"10.35876/ijop.v2i2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35876/ijop.v2i2.27","url":null,"abstract":"The development of the palm oil downstream industries is still limited eventhough various products can be made. The market acceptance becomes one of the important considerations. The research objective was to analyze the acceptance and initial price a new product of Virgin Red Palm Oil (VRPO), a kind of Red Palm Oil (RPO), one of the potential downstream palm oil products. A survey was conducted in Jakarta with African expatriate community as respondents. The samples of product VRPO with the brand of “Salmira” were given. After they tasted, they filled the questionnaire. The acceptance perception product was measured by likert scale, and initial price with the willingness to pay methods was investigated by open ended questions. The results analysed by average aprroached and optimum price used linear and logarithmic regression. This study found that product perception was very good especially in familliarity and reccomendation to buy. The new product was similar to the product available in their origin countries and when the product available, almost 90 % respondents would like to buy the product. Other results showed that packaging was preferred in 1 000 ml. The maximum willingnes to pay for 1 liter was IDR 150 000, and the minimum was IDR 20 000. The average price was IDR 70 370, and the optimum price with linear regression approached was IDR 70.809 and with the logarithmic regression approached was IDR 62.628. This study provides empirical evidence that the product is prospective eventhough it is still in the limited scope.The range willingness to pay also supports the decision maker to give the initial price.","PeriodicalId":14324,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oil Palm","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74223110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Rapid Inoculation Technique and Biological Control of Leaf Spot Disease in Oil Palm 油棕叶斑病快速接种技术及生物防治

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-01-30 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i1.24

D. Agustina, C. Prihatna, A. Suwanto

引用次数: 4

Prediction of Palm Based Biodiesel Properties Through the Preparation of Empirical Equation 利用经验方程的制备预测棕榈基生物柴油的性能

International Journal of Oil Palm Pub Date : 2019-01-30 DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v2i1.25

J. Joelianingsih, M. Christwardana, I. Purwaningsih

{"title":"Prediction of Palm Based Biodiesel Properties Through the Preparation of Empirical Equation","authors":"J. Joelianingsih, M. Christwardana, I. Purwaningsih","doi":"10.35876/ijop.v2i1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35876/ijop.v2i1.25","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel is one of plant-based fuel that has been made mandatory by the Indonesian government for using in transportation, industries, and power plants. This obligation is gradually applied as stipulated in the regulation of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources 12/2015 regarding to supply, use and plant-based fuel trade as alternative fuel. The percentage of biodiesel use was increasing from 20 % in 2016 to 30 % in 2030. The quality of biodiesel has to be continuously improved to support the regulation. Biodiesel with high performance has excellent flame characteristics, high oxidation stability and easy to flow at low temperature. These characteristics are highly determined by the composition of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Empirical equations were formulated based on primary data to predict the essential parameters of biodiesel, consisting of oxidation stability, cloud point, Iodine value, viscosity and density. The primary data were obtained by analyzing three biodiesel samples from domestic producers and two samples of biodiesel blend between palm stearin and soybean biodiesel. Identification results showed that all three samples have different FAME profiles which consist of palm oil biodiesel, palm stearin biodiesel and palm olein biodiesel. The empirical equations were formulated using statistical software and validated by comparing the calculated results with actual biodiesel parameters. This method reduced the testing time up to 13 working days and reduced testing cost up to 67% or IDR 1 190 000 per sample. The empirical equations formulated in this study were able to predict the essential parameters of biodiesel with the error was.","PeriodicalId":14324,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oil Palm","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90692338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1