Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Organizational Strategies, Social Support, and Technological Capabilities in International Marketing Channel Performance","authors":"M. Nawaz, Shahid Nawaz, M. Shafique, Mudassar Ali, Muhammad Ishfaq","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.5.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.5.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Information communication technologies increase the competitive intensity among organizations. The only way to get a sustainable competitive advantage is to focus on their resources, and capabilities to establish, and implement effective strategies to increase international marketing channel performance (IMCP). The target population of this study is the food industry in Pakistan, and the sample size is 400. Data has been collected through survey method based on an adapted questionnaire. Data has been analyzed through partial least square – structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. Results showed that validity and reliability of data, and organizational strategies (OS) focused on relationship strategies (RS) and marketing integration strategies (MIS) has positive and significant effect on IMCP. Whereas, technological capabilities (TC) has moderated and significant effect between OS and IMCP. Furthermore, social support (SS) has insignificant effect.  This study has theoretical and practical significance. Because this study opens the new horizons in literature and provide guidelines to align their strategies with their capabilities to gain sustainable competitive advantage, which will improve their IMCP.","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131912925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal Factors, External Factors and Bank’s Profitability","authors":"Z. Rehman, S. Khan, Asad Khan, Asim Rahman","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"A developed banking sector provides the impetus for the economy to grow. However, in order to maintain financial stability and sustain negative shocks, it is important to understand the factors that influence the profitability of banks. The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of internal and external factors on the profitability of banks in Pakistan for the period 2007-2015. Fixed effects model was used to analyse the effect of internal and external factors on the profitability of banks in Pakistan. The findings of the study revealed that among internal factors only bank size and asset composition significantly influences the profitability of banks whereas in the external determinants only real interest rates and GDP growth rates has a significant effect on the profitability of banks.","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122329885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Small and Medium Enterprises in Alleviation of Poverty among Disable People","authors":"Yahya Khan, K. Szegedi","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the literature on the rising issue of poverty due to disability and the role of small and medium business enterprises (SME’s). Literature survey identifies different causes which accelerate the poverty problem in the society. It has also been provided that growth in the number of disabled people around the globe is increasing and is a threat to the global poverty eradication programs. This article provides that there is a positive association between the development of SME’s and poverty alleviation.","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120858752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment, Real Effective Exchange Rate and Total Labor Force on Export of Pakistan (1990-2016)","authors":"Anwar Ahmad","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper identifies the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI), the real effective exchange rate and the total labor force on the exports of Pakistan. A Double lag equation model for this investigation was developed in which FDI, exchange rate and labor force play a central role. The underlying conceptual framework of this paper reveals the positive impact of FDI and Labor force on exports of Pakistan while exchange rate shows negative impact. The distinguishing feature of this analysis is to encourage FDI and Effective Labor force which contribute to export development strategies of Pakistan.  To estimate the long run and short run connection among the variables, yearly data for the period ranging from 1990-2016 have been analyzed by using Johanson Co-integration and Vector Error Correction model have been applied to determine the response of variables on each other. The  result of this study shows that in the long run, FDI and Effective labor force play a vital role in the growth of Pakistan’s exports while in the short run, the influence of exchange rate are very effective for the promotion of exports.  It is recommended based on the study that Government should encourage FDI & TLF when developing the policy of trade.","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132174387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumers’ Willingness to Buy Foreign Products: Effects of Consumer Animosity and Ethnocentrism","authors":"Adnan Khan, Asad Khan, Hassan Ahmad, Muhammad Noman Shafique","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to examine the effects of animosity on consumer’s willingness to buy foreign products. Animosity can be a vital force to decide whether to buy a foreign product or not.  This research paper is about measuring and quantifying the animosity of people of china towards Japanese products in general. Additionally, it is quite evident from previous researches, that people of china have a special grudge against Japanese, after world war II. Previous studies in this regard were conducted in one or few cities of china, this research aimed to collect data from multiple cities, in order to generalize the concept.  To discuss in detail, whether people from different parts of china consider this animosity against Japanese products or not. In addition, this study also highlighted a new construct i.e. perceived quality. What will happen if a Chinese consumer have to decide between animosity and better quality of Japanese product?  To conduct this investigation, the study is undertaken in China where the Chinese consumers’ animosity towards the Japanese was examined. The data with a usable sample size of 435 were collected in the Chinese city of Nanjing.  Findings of the study revealed that, people in china still have high level of animosity towards Japanese products. And even at times, products with high quality are being ignored because of its Japanese background. Most important and consistent to current literature, results showed that, consumer animosity as a higher order construct which is indicated by economic animosity and war animosity.  Those parts of china where we found an extreme animosity, ethnocentrism couldn’t play a significant role to affect the other constructs in the animosity model. Animosity can be a result of any event or mishap, but will it stay the same after so many years? irrespective of the quality of product, this is what, this paper tends to highlight.","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134260608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capital Structure Determinants of Islamic and Conventional Banks of Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Yar, Anam Javeed, Wajid Khan","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose- The major objective behind conducting this research is to explicate that how does the conventional as well as Islamic banks opt for their capital structures and what are the noteworthy variables that effect the decisions of the company as regard to their capital structure. Design/methodology/approach- Data for study was gathered throughthe yearly reports of the KSE indexed companies. The yearly reports from the years 2004-2014 were selected for the study. For analysis, ordinary least square (OLS) is applied in order to obtain the results. Findings- The primary outcomes of study prove that the conventional banks are more leveraged as compared to the Islamic banks. In addition, the conventional banks are bigger in size than Islamic banks and possess higher level of profitability. The fixed operating resources possessed by the Islamic banks are more in comparison to the conventional banks. The outcomes show that the profitability and tangibility are inversely associated with book leverage however the bank size has significant nexus with the book leverage of Islamic banks. On the other hand, profitability, growth and tangibility are negatively related to book leverage in whereas the bank size positivelyimpacts the decisions of the conventional banks for choosing the capital structure. Earning volatility shows no impact on capital structure decisions. Practical implications- The outcomes of the study present that the directors of bank need to develop an understanding related to the bank specific factors which would help them to decide regarding the capital structure of the bank taking into consideration that the controlling powers are vested with state bank of Pakistan. Originality/value- This study would propose that some noteworthy insights regarding the variables that impact financing decisions ofPakistani conventional and Islamic banks. This study also provides a framework to the future researchers for deeper exploration regarding capital structure of the banks. Keywords- Conventional Banks; Islamic Banks, Ordinary Least Square, State bank of Pakistan","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122315311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industry Academia Collaboration in the Context of Open Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"Abdul Salam Khan","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"Industry & academia are building pillars of a country’s knowledge base economy. Industry focus is on practical significance while role of academia is to disseminate knowledge. Although they seem different in their focus; however, there are similarities for innovation-based partnerships. Once Industry & Academia are embedded in the notion of “open innovation”, both parties can benefit from collaboration. This is a quantitative study in which drawing upon resource dependence theory, a framework is developed for collaborating factors between industry and academia in the context of Pakistan. Sample from industry and academia is studied using survey instrument and impact of collaboration is measured on magnitude and level of innovation. LISREL based modeling technique is used for quantitatively analyzing proposed framework. Two questions are addressed in this study; What are the antecedents of industry and academia to collaborate in the context of open innovation, and the impact of collaboration on magnitude and level of innovation? This study contains key implications for education sector, industry and policy makers for enhancement of knowledge base in Pakistan .","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122861610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entrepreneurial Marketing, Environmental Uncertainty and Performance of Family Firms","authors":"Irfan Siddique, Irfan Saleem, S. Abbas, A. Zia","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Businesses in general and family SMEs in specific are vulnerable to environmental uncertainty in underdeveloped countries. Stiff competitions, technological bursts and market turbulence appears as a catastrophe and a major cause for short life of many family SMEs. A few family SMEs still exist and survive in all these uncertain conditions. Various reasons been discussed in previous literature and had proved the importance of entrepreneurial marketing as one of the major sources of high performances. The marketing strategies opted by family SMEs having dimension of entrepreneurship, are not only self-beneficial but also the cause of new market trends. The primary purpose of this study is to consider the effect of opportunity vigilance, consumer centric innovation, value creation and risk management termed as entrepreneurial marketing and used as a fundamental approach for family SMEs to survive and grab high performances even under uncertain conditions. Results show that entrepreneurial marketing in family SMEs is positively associated with high performances even under uncertain environments. Previously uncertain environments were considered as one of the major cause for entrepreneurial marketing that does not qualify in our case. Family SMEs use entrepreneurial marketing as their vital tool for competitive markets to perform high irrespective of environmental conditions i.e. either favorable or unfavorable.","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115198147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interceding Effect of Organizational Support between Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction: A Confirmation from Primary Public Schools of Punjab","authors":"R. K. Ali, M. A. Hamza","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this empirical study is to examine the interceding effect of Perceived Organizational Support (POS) between Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Job Satisfaction (JS). For this purpose, random data of 300 respondents was collected from primary public schools of four districts of Punjab, Pakistan i.e. Lahore, Sahiwal, Okara and Nankana Sahib through self-administrative questionnaires. The time legged approach is used in collection of data to decrease self-biasness of responses. Sequential Equation modeling is applied to test the effectiveness and fitness of model. The results of the study suggest that job satisfaction is positively affected by emotional intelligence Perceived Organizational Support (POS) also influences the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction. Practical implications and future directions are also provided. Key terms: Job Satisfaction, Emotional Intelligence, Perceived Organizational Support","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113939240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on Financial Performance: Evidence of Automobile Assembling Sector of Pakistan Stock Exchange","authors":"Sufwan Haider, N. Anjum, Muhammad Sufyan, Faisal Khan, Arif Ullah","doi":"10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31529/SJMS.2018.4.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the macroeconomic variables impact on financial performance, using the financial statement of listed companies in Automobile sector of Pakistan stock exchange. The study covered the period from 2007 to 2016. Before applying the GMM model the preliminary test was done. Firm performance is measured with three ratios i.e., return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and gross profit margin ratio (GPM). The results revealed that the selected macroeconomics variables have the negative relationship with return on equity, return on assets and gross profit margin and the inflation has positive relation with return on equity and negative relation with return on assets (ROA) and gross profit margin (GPM).","PeriodicalId":142945,"journal":{"name":"Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116105715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}