International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献

{"title":"Factors affecting the analysis of 18O-enriched aqueous samples when using CO2 equilibration in vacutainers™","authors":"Andrew J. Midwood ,&nbsp;Paul Haggarty,&nbsp;Eric Milne,&nbsp;Brian A. McGaw","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90006-Z","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90006-Z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasing use of ¹⁸O-enriched water in biological studies such as those involving doubly labeled water has led to a requirement for a simple cost effective method for analyzing large numbers of ¹⁸O-enriched biological samples. We evaluated the influence of various factors on the precision and accuracy of an equilibration technique in which aqueous samples are equilibrated with CO₂ in evacuated blood collection tubes, Vacutainers^™. Using 10 mL Vacutainers with degassed rubber septa, 1 mL water samples equilibrated in an atmosphere of CO₂ after 16 h on an orbital shaker. δ¹⁸O values became more variable when the sample volume was reduced to 0.25 mL. Varying the evacuation time for the tubes prior to filling with CO₂ between 15 and 75 s had no marked influence on the results. Similarly, sonicating the water samples during this process to remove dissolved gases also had little effect. Bubbling air or CO₂ through the samples prior to analysis led to a reduction in the ¹⁸O content of enriched water samples due to the introduction of ¹⁶O; however, N₂ had no effect on the δ¹⁸O values. Memory effects between samples and instrumental drift were detected with large changes in enrichment (up to 140‰) during mass spectrometric analysis. An analytical procedure and calculations are presented, which in conjunction with two reference waters, may be used to remove these drift effects. This procedure coupled with suggested sample analysis sequences minimizes the influence of memory and allows precision to be optimized. Even in the absence of these precautions, analytical precision on water with δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW content of +30‰ was <em>ca</em> ±0.1‰, and at +175‰ was ±0.37‰, comparable to other ¹⁸O equilibration methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1341-1347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90006-Z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83426464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deuteron irradiation of carbonized poly(styrene/divinylbenzene) resins for the in-target production of [13N]ammonia","authors":"Elizabeth Zippi ,&nbsp;George Kabalka ,&nbsp;Gerald Bida ,&nbsp;Nagichettiar Satyamurthy ,&nbsp;Bruce Wieland","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90009-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90009-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>New polymer-based materials have been evaluated in an effort to improve nitrogen-13 production with medical cyclotrons. A series of poly(styrene/divinylbenzene) derivatives have been synthesized and then pyrolysed to yield carbonized beads. Preliminary cyclotron studies indicate that pure ¹³N-labelled ammonia is produced upon irradiation of these materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1363-1368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90009-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73242463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simplified procedure for fluorine-18 production using a nuclear reactor","authors":"Flor de M. Ramirez ,&nbsp;Silvia Bulbulian ,&nbsp;Carol H. Collins ,&nbsp;Kenneth E. Collins","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90016-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90016-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several target compounds and different purification procedures are compared for reactor production of [¹⁸F]fluoride by means of the ⁶Li(n,α)³H; ¹⁶O(t,n)¹⁸F reaction sequence. Best results are obtained using moist Li₂CO₃ as target, followed by aqueous dissolution using a cation exchange resin and purification by adsorption on a small alumina column with dilute ammonium hydroxide as eluent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1403-1406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90016-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80762013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of 77Br for TDPAC studies","authors":"J.L. Hutter ,&nbsp;T.J. Ruth ,&nbsp;P.W. Martin","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90014-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90014-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An inexpensive target system for the production and on-line extraction of no carrier-added radioisotopes of bromine is described. The suitability of ⁷⁷Br as a probe for time-differential perturbed angular correlation studies is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1393-1398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90014-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73008634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting of [111In]biocytin to cultured ovarian adenocarcinoma cells using covalent monoclonal antibody—Streptavidin conjugates","authors":"Katherine Sheldon ,&nbsp;Reuben Baumal ,&nbsp;Alexander Marks","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90015-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90015-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against the human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line HEY, were substituted with maleimide and covalently bonded to thiolated streptavidin. The conjugates were separated from unreacted reagents by successive affinity chromatography on protein A—Sepharose and iminobiotin columns. Purified conjugates consisted of an immunoglobulin (Ig) monomer bound to a streptavidin tetramer through a covalent bond between the Ig molecule and one of the streptavidin subunits. The conjugates were able to specifically target [¹¹¹In]biocytin to HEY cells <em>in vitro</em> in the presence of human serum and ascitic fluid from ovarian cancer patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1399-1402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90015-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12507216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of measurement and storage conditions on alanine ESR dosimeters","authors":"Antonio Carlos Alexandre ,&nbsp;Oswaldo Baffa ,&nbsp;Otaciro Rangel Nascimento","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90017-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90017-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1407-1411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90017-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83418978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurements of 129I in a nuclear power reactor by accelerator mass spectrometry","authors":"O. Meirav ,&nbsp;M. Adam ,&nbsp;E. Boaretto ,&nbsp;S.A. Dias ,&nbsp;R.R. Johnson ,&nbsp;M. Paul ,&nbsp;E. Venczel","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90020-F","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90020-F","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The method of accelerator mass spectrometry is applied to measurements of concentrations of the long-lived volatile fission product ¹²⁹I (<span><math><mtext>t</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn><mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></mn></msub><mtext> = 1.6 × 10</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>7</mn></msup></math></span> a) in the primary heat transport (PHT) system and irradiated fuel bay (IFB) of a commercial nuclear power reactor. Concentrations of (8.1 ± 1.1) × 10¹²¹²⁹I atoms per gram and between 10¹¹ and 10¹³¹²⁹I atoms/L were measured in an ion-exchange resin and in the heavy water (PHT) system, respectively. The corresponding value for the IFB system water samples was 5–6 × 10¹²¹²⁹I atoms/L. These measurements, based on very small size samples (of the order of 0.5 mL) emphasize the advantage of the present method where a simple chemical process for the iodine extraction enables a direct measurement of the ¹²⁹I atom content of the samples. In view of the physical and chemical properties of iodine and their important implications in the environment, the method is likely to find even wider applications for the monitoring of ¹²⁹I and the study of long-range nuclear waste storage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1420-1424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90020-F","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83750584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The production of 55Fe with medium-energy protons","authors":"G.F. Steyn ,&nbsp;B.R.S. Simpson,&nbsp;S.J. Mills,&nbsp;F.M. Nortier","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90003-W","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90003-W","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thick-target production rates of ⁵⁵Fe produced in the proton bombardment of Mn, Co and Ni were investigated from threshold up to 100 MeV. Impurity levels of the only radiocontaminant of importance, ⁵⁹Fe, were also considered. It is shown that the optimum production rate at energies above ∼ 35 MeV will be achieved by utilizing a tandem Mn/Ni target. Theoretical calculations performed with the computer code ALICE/85/300 were found to be in good agreement with the measured ⁵⁵Fe thick-target production-rate curves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1323-1327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90003-W","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90427553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of 3-iodophenylisothiocyanate for radioiodination of monoclonal antibodies","authors":"Siya Ram ,&nbsp;Donald J. Buchsbaum","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90013-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90013-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new radioiodination reagent, 3-iodophenylisothiocyanate (3-IPI) has been developed for coupling to monoclonal antibodies. The starting material, 3-tri-n-butylstannylphenylisothiocyanate was prepared via a reaction of hexabutylditin with 3-bromoaniline, followed by treatment with thiophosgene with an overall yield of 72%. The radioiodination of this tin precursor with Na[¹²⁵I]I/iodogen in chloroform gave 3-[¹²⁵I]IPI in 23–55% radiochemical yield and 81–99.6% radiochemical purity. Purification of the impure product by high pressure liquid chromatography increased the radiochemical purity of the product up to 99%. These results suggest that 3-IPI may be a useful ligand for radioiodination and coupling to a variety of monoclonal antibodies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1387-1391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90013-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12507215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclotron production of PET radionuclides: 34mCl (33.99 min; β + 53%; IT 47%) with protons on natural isotopic chlorine-containing targets","authors":"Manuel C. Lagunas-Solar,&nbsp;Omar F. Carvacho,&nbsp;Robert R. Cima","doi":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90011-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0883-2889(92)90011-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thin- and thick-target yields for the production of ^34mCl (31.99 min; β + 53%; IT 47%) with high-energy protons on natural isotopic chlorine targets were measured in the 67.5–20.0 MeV energy range. The total cross section for the reactions ³⁵Cl(p,pn) (<em>Q</em> = -12.8 MeV) and ³⁷Cl(p,p3n) (<em>Q</em> = -31.7 MeV) was measured. The total cross section peaked at 30 MeV with a value of 108±14.6 (13.5%) mbarn. The ^34mCl cumulative yield reached 591±80 (13.5%) mCi/μAh with a 67.5-MeV proton beam exiting at 20 MeV. The potential to produce ^34mCl for research and radiopharmaceutical syntheses is discussed based upon current accelerator capabilities. Other aspects of the potential use of ^34mCl (i.e. radionuclidic, radiochemical purities, specific activities) are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14288,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"43 11","pages":"Pages 1375-1381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90011-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80490313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}