International Journal of Radiation Biology最新文献

{"title":"Main radiation pathways in the landscape of Armenia.","authors":"V B Arakelyan,&nbsp;G E Khachatryan,&nbsp;A G Nalbandyan-Schwarz,&nbsp;C E Mothersill,&nbsp;C B Seymour,&nbsp;V L Korogodina","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2172623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2023.2172623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate sources, accumulation, and vertical migration of radionuclides in Armenia, and their impact on biota.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review describes the radiation status in the landscape of Armenia and features of the impact of natural and human-generated radiation on human and non-human biotas, according to studies of Armenian scientists carried out since the middle of the last century. The mountain landscape demonstrates the diversity, speciation, and radioresistance of the biota, which arise under radiation exposure in a variable environment. Although the effects of radiation have been described for a long time, some of them require further study. It is important to present the data collected in order to produce a base line for future studies of radiation effects and interactions with other stressors caused by climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":"99 8","pages":"1178-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9863510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limiting exposure to radiofrequency radiation: the principles and possible criteria for health protection.","authors":"Hiie Hinrikus,&nbsp;Tarmo Koppel,&nbsp;Jaanus Lass,&nbsp;Priit Roosipuu,&nbsp;Maie Bachmann","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2159567","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2159567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The current paper is aimed to discuss the principles and criteria for health protection to radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF EMF) considering both thermal and non-thermal mechanisms to evaluate the reasonable level for the limits relevant to control the level of RF EMF for the general public in the living environment. The study combines the conclusions of analyses published in recent reviews on RF EMF effects and the data from RF EMF measurements in different countries to select the possible criteria and to derive proposals for the health protection limits on the level of RF EMF following the ALARA principle - as low as reasonably achievable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consideration of not only energetic but also coherent qualities of RF EMF leads to two different models for determining the impact of non-ionizing radiation on human health. The thermal model, based on absorption of electromagnetic energy, has a threshold limiting the heating of tissues. The non-thermal model, based on the ability of coherent electric fields to introduce biological effects at constant temperature, has no threshold. Therefore, the impact of RF EMF on human health cannot be excluded but can be minimized by limiting the level of the radiation. The limits can be selected based on indirect criteria. The minimal level of RF EMF that has caused a biological effect is about 2 V/m. The level of long-term broadcast radiation is 6 V/m and the people can be assumed to be adapted to that level without observable health problems. The level of RF EMF measured during last years does not exceed 5 V/m and the level is decreasing with newer generations of telecommunication technology. Limiting the level of RF EMF to the peak value of 6 V/m hopefully reduces the health risk to a minimal level people are adapted to and does not restrict the further development of telecommunication technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":"99 8","pages":"1167-1177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10230340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary of Radiation Research Society Online 67th Annual Meeting, Symposium on \"Radiation and Circulatory Effects\".","authors":"Helmut Schöllnberger,&nbsp;Lawrence T Dauer,&nbsp;Richard Wakeford,&nbsp;Julie Constanzo,&nbsp;Ashley Golden","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2022.2110304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2022.2110304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This article summarizes a number of presentations from a session on \"Radiation and Circulatory Effects\" held during the Radiation Research Society Online 67^th Annual Meeting, October 3-6 2021.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Different epidemiological cohorts were analyzed with various statistical means common in epidemiology. The cohorts included the one from the U.S. Million Person Study and the Canadian Fluoroscopy Cohort Study. In addition, one of the contributions in our article relies on results from analyses of the Japanese atomic bomb survivors, Russian emergency and recovery workers and cohorts of nuclear workers. The Canadian Fluoroscopy Cohort Study data were analyzed with a larger series of linear and nonlinear dose-response models in addition to the linear no-threshold (LNT) model.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>The talks in this symposium showed that low/moderate acute doses at low/moderate dose rates can be associated with an increased risk of CVD, although some of the epidemiological results for occupational cohorts are equivocal. The usually only limited availability of information on well-known risk factors for circulatory disease (e.g. smoking, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, physical activity) is an important limiting factor that may bias any observed association between radiation exposure and detrimental health outcome, especially at low doses. Additional follow-up and careful dosimetric and outcome assessment are necessary and more epidemiological and experimental research is required. Obtaining reliable information on other risk factors is especially important.</p>","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":"99 4","pages":"702-711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10279270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is micronucleus assay a suitable method for biomonitoring children exposed to X-ray? A systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Ingra Tais Malacarne,&nbsp;Wilton Mitsunari Takeshita,&nbsp;Milena de Barros Viana,&nbsp;Ana Claudia Muniz Renno,&nbsp;Daniel Araki Ribeiro","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2194405","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2194405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate if the micronucleus test using oral epithelial cells is a suitable biomarker for biomonitoring children exposed to X-ray.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A search was performed through the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, all studies published up to February 2022 that examined the relationship between exposure of children to radiographic examinations and micronucleus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 17 full-text manuscripts were screened for eligibility. Only two studies found a difference in micronucleus labeling. On the other hand, all studies showed that X-ray was able to induce cellular death in oral mucosa cells. Following the parameters of the Effective Practices in Public Health Project (EPHPP), five manuscripts reached moderate and strong scores, and four studies were categorized as weak at final rating. In the meta-analysis, statistically significant difference was detected in micronucleated cells in children before and after radiographic examinations (SMD = 0.96, 95% CI, 0.07-1.84, <i>p</i> = .04), with τ²=1.09; χ²=53.37, and <i>p</i> < .001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Radiographic examinations in children can cause genotoxic and cytotoxic damage in the oral epithelium with a large effect size.</p>","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1522-1530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9277489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective mechanism of a novel aminothiol compound on radiation-induced intestinal injury.","authors":"Xinxin Wang,&nbsp;Renbin Yuan,&nbsp;Longfei Miao,&nbsp;Xuejiao Li,&nbsp;Yuying Guo,&nbsp;Hongqi Tian","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2022.2074163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2022.2074163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>With the development of nuclear technology and radiotherapy, the risk of radiation injury has been increasing. Therefore, it is important to find an effective radiation-protective agent. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel compound called compound <b>8</b>, of which the radioprotective effect and mechanism were studied.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Before being exposed to ionizing radiation, mice were pretreated with compound <b>8</b>. The 30-day mortality assay, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry staining assay were performed to evaluate the anti-radiation effect of the compound <b>8</b>. TUNEL and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to study the anti-radiation mechanism of compound <b>8</b>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the IR + vehicle group, the 30-day survival rate of mice treated with 25 mg/kg of compound <b>8</b> was significantly improved after 8 Gy total body irradiation. In the morphological study of the small intestine, we found that compound <b>8</b> could maintain crypt-villus structures in the irradiated mice. Further immunohistochemical staining displayed that compound <b>8</b> could improve the survival of Lgr5⁺ cells, ki67⁺ cells, and lysozyme⁺ cells. The results of TUNEL and immunofluorescence assays showed that compound <b>8</b> could decrease the expression of apoptosis-related caspase-8/-9, γ-H2AX, Bax, and p53.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that compound <b>8</b> exerts its effects by maintaining structure and function of small intestine. It also reduces DNA damage, promotes crypt proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, it may enhance the anti-apoptotic ability of small intestinal tissue by inhibiting the activation of p53 and blocking the caspase cascade reaction. Compound <b>8</b> can protect the intestinal tract from post-radiation damage, it is thus a new and effective protective agent of radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":"99 2","pages":"259-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9294672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of radiation protective features of azadispiro derivatives and their genotoxic potential with Ames/<i>Salmonella</i> test system.","authors":"Burak Alaylar,&nbsp;Bünyamin Aygün,&nbsp;Kadir Turhan,&nbsp;Mehmet Karadayı,&nbsp;Esra Cinan,&nbsp;Zuhal Turgut,&nbsp;Gökçe Karadayı,&nbsp;Mohammed Ibrahim Abu Al-Sayyed,&nbsp;Medine Güllüce,&nbsp;Abdulhalik Karabulut","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2022.2087930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2022.2087930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Five different types of synthesized azadispiro derivatives have been analyzed for radiation absorption capacity and determined their potential to be exploited as substances for a drug to be developed against radiation has been investigated.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Fast neutron attenuation parameters like the effective mean free path, half-value layer (HVL), removal cross-sections, and neutron transmission number were found with the Monte Carlo simulation Geometry And Tracking (GEANT4) code. Gamma radiation absorption parameters, such as effective atom number (<i>Z</i>_eff), mean free path (MFP), mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), and half-value layer (HVL) were theoretically determined with WinXCom software. Besides, the exposure build-up factor (EBF) was calculated by using GP fitting parameters. Neutron absorption dose rate was experimentally calculated with ²⁴¹Am-Be fast neutron source which has 4.5 MeV of energy, 74 GBq activity, and portative BF₃ neutron detector. Ames<i>/Salmonella</i> test systems were used for the genotoxic potentials of the azadispiro derivatives.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>Experimental and theoretical results were checked with paraffin and High-Density Polyethylene. The results showed that Azadispiro derivatives have neutron radiation absorption capability close to paraffin and High-Density Polyethylene. The gamma radiation absorption properties for azadispiro derivatives have been investigated, and it has been observed that these materials can absorb gamma radiation. Ames/<i>Salmonella</i> assay was used to examine whether the derivatives had a genotoxic effect probability or not. The results showed that these derivatives were genotoxic and safe at test doses (up to 5 mM). Consequently, it has been understood that these azadispiro derivatives can be used as active and genotoxic safety ingredients in the production of a protective drug against both neutrons and gamma rays.</p>","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":"99 2","pages":"245-258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9294684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased glucose influx and glycogenesis in lung cancer cells surviving after irradiation.","authors":"Avgi Tsolou,&nbsp;Dimitrios Koparanis,&nbsp;Ioannis Lamprou,&nbsp;Alexandra Giatromanolaki,&nbsp;Michael I Koukourakis","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2022.2113837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2022.2113837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Lung cancer is considered as one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide. Radiotherapy is the main treatment modality applied for locally advanced disease, but remnant surviving cancer tissue results in disease progression in the majority of irradiated lung carcinomas. Metabolic reprogramming is regarded as a cancer hallmark and is associated with resistance to radiation therapy. Here, we explored metabolic alterations possibly related to cancer cell radioresistance.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We compared the expression of metabolism-related enzymes in the parental A549 lung cancer cell line along with two new cell lines derived from A549 cells after recovery from three (A549-IR3) and six (A549-IR6) irradiation doses with 4 Gy. Differential GLUT1 and GYS1 expression on proliferation and radioresistance were also comparatively investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A549-IR cells displayed increased extracellular glucose absorption, and enhanced mRNA and protein levels of the GLUT1 glucose transporter. GLUT1 inhibition with BAY-876, suppressed cell proliferation and the effect was significantly more profound on A549-IR3 cells. Protein levels of molecules associated with aerobic or anaerobic glycolysis, or the phosphate pentose pathway were similar in all three cell lines. However, glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) was upregulated, especially in the A549-IR3 cell line, suggestive of glycogen accumulation in cells surviving post irradiation. GYS1-gene silencing repressed the proliferation capacity of A549, but this increased their radioresistance. The radio-protective effect of the suppression of proliferative activity induced by GYS1 silencing did not protect A549-IR3 cells against further irradiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that GYS1 activity is a critical component of the metabolism of lung cancer cells surviving after fractionated radiotherapy. Targeting the glycogen metabolic reprogramming after irradiation may be a valuable approach to pursue eradication of the post-radiotherapy remnant of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":"99 4","pages":"692-701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9437393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormonal changes resulting from transgender conversion therapy may represent a gap in the biological effects of radiation understanding.","authors":"Edson R Andrade","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2211147","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2211147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1800-1801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9443780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2-deoxy-D-glucose mitigates <i>Citrobacter rodentium</i> and dibenzazepine-induced gastrointestinal damage and colitis: novel implications of 2-DG polypharmacopea.","authors":"Ishfaq Ahmed,&nbsp;Amit Verma,&nbsp;Shahid Umar,&nbsp;Rao V L Papineni","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2022.2110297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2022.2110297","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose Citrobacter rodentium (CR) infection coupled with blocking Notch/Wnt signaling via γ-secretase inhibitor dibenzazepine (DBZ) disrupts the gastro-intestinal (GI) barrier and induces colitis, akin to ionizing radiation (IR)-induced GI-injury. We investigated the effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) to ameliorate the CR-DBZ-induced GI damage. Materials and methods NIH:Swiss outbred mice were inoculated with 109CFUs of CR orally. DBZ was administered intraperitoneally (10 μM/kg b.wt; for 10 days 2 days post-CR infection). Mice were fed with 0.4% 2-DG (w/v) daily in drinking water. For microbiota depletion, antibiotics (Abx), 1 g/l metronidazole, and 0.2 g/l ciprofloxacin were administered for 10 days in drinking water. Oxidative stress, survival assay, colonic crypt hyperplasia, Notch/Wnt downstream signaling, immunomodulation, and bacterial dysbiosis were measured. Results We show that real-time visualization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is similar during CR-induced colonic infection and IR-induced GI-damage. The histology revealed that dietary 2-DG mitigates CR + DBZ-induced colitis and improves survival compared with CR + DBZ alone. These changes were phenocopied in Abx-treated mice. Both 2-DG and Abx reduced dysbiosis, increased proliferation, inhibited pro-inflammatory response, and restored Hes-1 and β-catenin protein levels, in the crypts. Conclusion The energy disruptor 2-DG mitigates bacterial infection and its responsive hyperplasia/colitis, indicating its utility as a mitigator of infection/IR-induced GI-damage.","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":"99 4","pages":"681-691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9449828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intercellular communications mediating radiation-induced bystander effects and their relevance to environmental, occupational, and therapeutic exposures.","authors":"Manuela Buonanno, Géraldine Gonon, Badri N Pandey, Edouard I Azzam","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2022.2078006","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2022.2078006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The assumption that traversal of the cell nucleus by ionizing radiation is a prerequisite to induce genetic damage, or other important biological responses, has been challenged by studies showing that oxidative alterations extend beyond the irradiated cells and occur also in neighboring bystander cells. Cells and tissues outside the radiation field experience significant biochemical and phenotypic changes that are often similar to those observed in the irradiated cells and tissues. With relevance to the assessment of long-term health risks of occupational, environmental and clinical exposures, measurable genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic changes have been also detected in the progeny of bystander cells. How the oxidative damage spreads from the irradiated cells to their neighboring bystander cells has been under intense investigation. Following a brief summary of the trends in radiobiology leading to this paradigm shift in the field, we review key findings of bystander effects induced by low and high doses of various types of radiation that differ in their biophysical characteristics. While notable mechanistic insights continue to emerge, here the focus is on the many means of intercellular communication that mediate these effects, namely junctional channels, secreted molecules and extracellular vesicles, and immune pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The insights gained by studying radiation bystander effects are leading to a basic understanding of the intercellular communications that occur under mild and severe oxidative stress in both normal and cancerous tissues. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these communications will likely contribute to reducing the uncertainty of predicting adverse health effects following exposure to low dose/low fluence ionizing radiation, guide novel interventions that mitigate adverse out-of-field effects, and contribute to better outcomes of radiotherapeutic treatments of cancer. In this review, we highlight novel routes of intercellular communication for investigation, and raise the rationale for reconsidering classification of bystander responses, abscopal effects, and expression of genomic instability as non-targeted effects of radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":"99 6","pages":"964-982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9498656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}