International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine最新文献_第3页

Variation through the cell cycle in the dose-response of DNA neutral filter elution in X-irradiated synchronous CHO-cells. x射线照射同步cho细胞DNA中性滤过液洗脱剂量-反应的细胞周期变化。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814551101

R Okayasu, D Bloecher, G Iliakis

{"title":"Variation through the cell cycle in the dose-response of DNA neutral filter elution in X-irradiated synchronous CHO-cells.","authors":"R Okayasu, D Bloecher, G Iliakis","doi":"10.1080/09553008814551101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814551101","url":null,"abstract":"Dose-response curves for DNA neutral (pH 9.6) filter elution were obtained with synchronized CHO cells exposed to X-rays at various phases of the cell cycle. The dose response was similar in synchronized and plateau-phase G1 cells, as well as in cells that were arrested at the G1/S border using aphidicolin; it flattened as cells progressed into S phase and reached a minimum in the middle of this phase. An increase in DNA elution dose response, to values only slightly lower than those obtained with G1 cells, was observed as cells entered G2 phase. Significant alterations in the sedimentation properties of the DNA during S phase were also observed in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells using the neutral sucrose gradient centrifugation technique. A significant proportion of the DNA from S cells irradiated with 10 Gy sedimented at speeds (350S-700S) well above the maximum sedimentation speed expected for free sedimenting DNA molecules (Smax = 350S), indicating the formation of a DNA complex. DNA from G1, G1/S, or G2 + M cells sedimented as expected for free sedimenting molecules. These results indicate significant alterations in the physicochemical properties of the DNA--probably caused by DNA replication-associated alterations in DNA structure and chromatin conformation--as cells enter S phase, and are invoked to explain the observed variation in DNA elution dose response throughout the cycle. It is proposed that the formation of a complex DNA structure, resistant to the proteolytic enzymes and detergents used, affected the elution characteristics of the DNA and gave rise to the observed curvilinear DNA elution dose-response curves, as well as to the fluctuations in elution characteristics observed throughout the cell cycle.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 5","pages":"729-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814551101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14387336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 73

Enhanced glycosylation of a 50 kD protein during development of thermotolerance in CHO cells. 在CHO细胞的耐热性发育过程中，一个50 kD蛋白的糖基化增强。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814551171

K J Henle, W A Nagle, J S Norris, A J Moss

引用次数: 29

Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase as a possible reason for activation of Ca2+/Mg2+-dependent endonuclease in thymocytes of irradiated rats. 受辐射大鼠胸腺细胞中Ca2+/Mg2+依赖性内切酶激活的可能原因是聚(adp -核糖)聚合酶的抑制。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814551111

P A Nelipovich, L V Nikonova, S R Umansky

{"title":"Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase as a possible reason for activation of Ca2+/Mg2+-dependent endonuclease in thymocytes of irradiated rats.","authors":"P A Nelipovich, L V Nikonova, S R Umansky","doi":"10.1080/09553008814551111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814551111","url":null,"abstract":"The molecular mechanism of activation of Ca2+/Mg2+-dependent endonuclease in thymocytes of irradiated rats was studied. Thymocyte nuclei of control and irradiated rats were pre-incubated with NAD under conditions favourable for poly ADP-ribosylation. Pre-incubation results in a decrease in the rate of autolytic DNA digestion by Ca2+/Mg2+-dependent endonuclease of 6-7- and 2-3-fold for control and irradiated animals, respectively. The activity of Ca2+/Mg2+-nuclease extracted from the nuclei pre-incubated with NAD is also considerably decreased. The presence of nicotinamide and thymidine in the preincubation medium prevents the suppression of Ca2+/Mg2+-nuclease activity. In the experiments performed with isolated nuclei and permeabilized thymocytes the synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) does not significantly change within 1 h after irradiation at a dose of 10 Gy, whereas 2 and 3 h after the exposure it decreases by 35-40 and 45-55 per cent, respectively. The activity of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase in this period is similar to that in the controls. The average size of the de novo synthesized chains of poly(ADP-ribose) increases from 11 to 17 ADP-ribose units by the second hour after irradiation. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in the postirradiation period preceded the internucleosomal fragmentation of chromatin. The results suggest that activation of Ca2+/Mg2+-nuclease in irradiated thymocytes is accounted for by the disturbance of its poly ADP-ribosylation.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 5","pages":"749-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814551111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14259955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 55

Postirradiation recovery of haemopoiesis in Steel mutant mice. 钢突变小鼠放疗后造血功能恢复。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814551071

L Kaczmarek, M Z Ratajczak, W Wiktor-Jedrzejczak

引用次数: 2

Circadian rhythms in the incidence of apoptotic cells and number of clonogenic cells in intestinal crypts after radiation using normal and reversed light conditions. 在正常和反向光照条件下辐照后肠隐窝中凋亡细胞发生率和克隆细胞数量的昼夜节律

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814551091

K Ijiri, C S Potten

{"title":"Circadian rhythms in the incidence of apoptotic cells and number of clonogenic cells in intestinal crypts after radiation using normal and reversed light conditions.","authors":"K Ijiri, C S Potten","doi":"10.1080/09553008814551091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814551091","url":null,"abstract":"Variations in the number of radiation-induced morphologically dead or dying cells (apoptotic cells) in the crypts in the small intestine of the mouse have been studied throughout a 24-h period under a normal light regimen (light on, 07.00-19.00 h; light off, 19.00-07.00 h). A clear circadian rhythm was displayed in the apoptotic incidence 3 or 6 h after irradiation for each gamma-ray dose studied (range 0.14-9.0 Gy). The most prominent circadian rhythm was obtained after 0.5 Gy. The peak time of day for inducing apoptosis was 06.00-09.00 h, and the trough occurred at 18.00-21.00 h. Some mice were also transferred to a room with the light cycle reversed, and were irradiated on different days after the transfer. The apoptosis induced by 0.5 Gy or 9.0 Gy, or the number of surviving crypts (microcolonies) after 11.0 Gy or 13.0 Gy was examined. The transition point for reversal (i.e. the switch time from the normal-light pattern to the reversed-light pattern) of the circadian rhythm in apoptosis (after 0.5 Gy) occurred 7 days after the transfer and the rhythm was reversed by 14 days. The rhythm for crypt survival (i.e. for clonogenic cell radiosensitivity) was disturbed on 1 day and the transition point for reversal occurred 3 days after the transfer. The rhythm became reversed by 7 days. These observations are discussed in relation to the identity of clonogenic cells, (functional) stem cells, proliferating transit cells and the cells sensitive to small doses of radiation (i.e. hypersensitive cells) in the crypt.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 5","pages":"717-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814551091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14387335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Damage by nuclear elastic scattering (NES)--forty years on. 核弹性散射(NES)的损伤——四十年来。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814551011

A T Al-Kazwini, J W Cunningham, D E Watt

引用次数: 5

Differential sensitivities to gamma radiation of human bladder and testicular tumour cell lines. 人类膀胱和睾丸肿瘤细胞系对γ射线的不同敏感性。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814550921

C N Parris, C F Arlett, A R Lehmann, M H Green, J R Masters

{"title":"Differential sensitivities to gamma radiation of human bladder and testicular tumour cell lines.","authors":"C N Parris, C F Arlett, A R Lehmann, M H Green, J R Masters","doi":"10.1080/09553008814550921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814550921","url":null,"abstract":"Gamma radiation sensitivities of continuous cell lines from nine human tumours were measured, comparing four derived from transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder with five from non-seminomatous germ cell tumours of the testis. The testicular cells were significantly more radiosensitive than the bladder cells, corresponding to the response to therapy of these tumour types in patients. These observations indicate that radiosensitivity is retained in vitro and is an inherent property of the testicular tumour cells. These gamma radiation sensitivities were compared with those of SV40-transformed fibroblasts derived from a normal individual and one with the heritable disease, ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). The bladder cells had gamma radiation sensitivities similar to that of the SV40-transformed normal line. The testicular cells were hypersensitive to gamma radiation, although not as sensitive as the SV40-transformed A-T line. A-T cells, unlike those derived from normal individuals, continue to synthesize DNA at a normal rate following radiation exposure, prompting a comparison of the kinetics of DNA synthesis in three bladder and three testicular tumour cell lines. One of the bladder and two testicular lines showed a reduced inhibition when compared to the other tumour cell lines and the SV40-transformed normal line. Thus there was no clear association between DNA synthesis inhibition and radiosensitivity.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 4","pages":"599-608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814550921","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13969779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

Lung tumour induction in mice after X-rays and neutrons. x射线和中子对小鼠肺肿瘤的诱导作用。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814550911

J E Coggle

{"title":"Lung tumour induction in mice after X-rays and neutrons.","authors":"J E Coggle","doi":"10.1080/09553008814550911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814550911","url":null,"abstract":"Dose-response curves were determined for pulmonary adenomas and adenocarcinomas in mice after single acute doses of 200 kVp X-rays and cyclotron neutrons (E = 7.5 MeV). A serial-killing experiment established that the radiation induces the tumours and does not merely accelerate the appearance of spontanoeus cancers [corrected]. The dose versus incidence (I) of tumours in male and female mice for X-ray doses between 0.25 and 7.5 Gy is 'bell-shaped' and best fitted with a purely quadratic induction and exponential inactivation terms, i.e. I = A + BD2e-alpha D. In contrast, the tumour dose-response after 0.1-4.0 Gy of neutrons is best fitted by I = A + BDe-alpha D and is steeply linear less than or equal to 1 Gy, peaks between 1 and 3 Gy and sharply declines at 4.0 Gy. The data for the female mice less than or equal to 1 Gy neutrons are best fitted to the square root of the dose. A major objective of the experiments was to derive neutron RBE values. Because of the differences between the X-ray (quadratic) and neutron (linear) curves, the RBEn will vary inversely with decreasing X-ray dose. The RBE values at 1 Gy of X-rays derived from the B coefficients in the above equations are 7.4 +/- 3.2 (male and female); 8.6 +/- 3.6 (female) and 4.7 +/- 1.8 (male). These are high values and imply even higher values at the doses of interest to radiation protection. If, however, one restricts the analysis to the initial, induction side of the response (less than or equal to 1 Gy neutrons, less than or equal to 3 Gy X-rays) then good linear fits are obtainable for both radiations and indicate neutron RBE values of 7.4 +/- 2.3 for female mice and 4.5 +/- 1.8 for males, and these are independent of dose level.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 4","pages":"585-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814550911","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14386664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Radioprotective effect of 2-mercaptopropionyl glycine on radiation-induced lipid peroxidation and enzyme release in erythrocytes. 2-巯基丙酰甘氨酸对辐射诱导的红细胞脂质过氧化和酶释放的辐射防护作用。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814550951

S I Ayene, R K Kale, P N Srivastava

引用次数: 25

Dual-function radiation sensitizers and bioreductive drugs: factors affecting cellular uptake and sensitizing efficiency in analogues of RSU 1069. 双功能辐射增敏剂和生物还原药物:影响RSU 1069类似物细胞摄取和增敏效率的因素。

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine Pub Date : 1988-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553008814550961

J Walling, I J Stratford, G E Adams, M A Stephens

{"title":"Dual-function radiation sensitizers and bioreductive drugs: factors affecting cellular uptake and sensitizing efficiency in analogues of RSU 1069.","authors":"J Walling, I J Stratford, G E Adams, M A Stephens","doi":"10.1080/09553008814550961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553008814550961","url":null,"abstract":"Alkyl aziridine analogues of the hypoxic cell radiosensitizer RSU 1069 have been synthesized and one of these, RB 7040, containing the tetramethyl substituted aziridine, is a more efficient sensitizer in vitro than RSU 1069 (Ahmed et al., 1986). The extent to which variation in drug uptake can influence the sensitizing efficiency of RSU 1069 and its analogues has been investigated by determining the cellular uptake of these weakly basic sensitizers as a function of the pH of the extracellular medium (pHe) over the range 5.4-8.4. Following exposure of V79 cells to these agents for 1 h at room temperature, the ratio of intra- to extracellular concentration (Ci/Ce) was near unity at pH 5.4. Increasing pHe to 8.4 resulted in no change in the ratio Ci/Ce for RSU 1069 (pKa = 6.04). In contrast, the values of Ci/Ce increased three-fold for RSU 1165 (pKa = 7.38) and eleven-fold for RB 7040 (pKa = 8.45). Radiosensitization by RSU 1069 showed little dependence on pHe over the range studied, whereas increasing pH caused an apparent increase in sensitizing efficiency of both RSU 1165 and RB 7040. However, when the enhancement ratios for sensitization were normalized to take account of the effect of extracellular pH on drug uptake, efficiency of sensitization was independent of pHe. This study suggests that changes in basicity (pKa) may have wider potential for therapeutic exploitation on the basis of selective tumour uptake for this type of agent.","PeriodicalId":14254,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine","volume":"53 4","pages":"641-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09553008814550961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14386668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10