INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE最新文献_第2页

THE CINE-SPATIAL REFLECTION OF THE CONCEPT OF MICRO-UTOPIA: AN ANALYSIS OF THE FILM ‘DOWNSIZING’ 微型乌托邦概念的电影空间反映——对电影《缩小规模》的分析

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.08

Nazlıcan BİRİNCİ ERTÜRK, Pınar KILIÇ ÖZKAN, G. Birol

{"title":"THE CINE-SPATIAL REFLECTION OF THE CONCEPT OF MICRO-UTOPIA: AN ANALYSIS OF THE FILM ‘DOWNSIZING’","authors":"Nazlıcan BİRİNCİ ERTÜRK, Pınar KILIÇ ÖZKAN, G. Birol","doi":"10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.08","url":null,"abstract":"Within this study, we claim that a relationship can be established between the tendency to minimalization, which stands against the tendency to the consumption-display-luxury, and the micro-utopias that are developed as a reaction to the utopia of mainstream art. Aim: In this study we reconsidered the concept of micro-utopia and aim to extend the conceptual and spatial meanings of it through the analysis of the film “Downsizing”. Method: We focused on the minimalist lifestyle within the framework of the relational aesthetic theory, which looks at art as a tool to create new possibilities through alternative art productions against the utopias of the main art movements. The concept of micro-utopia has been deciphered through the selected film. Not only the micro-utopian urban context is described, but also the social manifestations of spatial reflections are analyzed. Findings: The analyzes show us that utopia and micro-utopia give the same social results in the consumer society. Results: With this study we argue that micro-utopias cannot produce a significant difference in everyday life likewise minimalism cannot be the tool for producing new social solutions on its own.","PeriodicalId":142407,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131365292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EMULATION TO THE NATURE IN BASIC DESIGN EDUCATION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 景观设计基础教育中对自然的模拟

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.22.02

B. Bekçi, Ç. Bogenç

{"title":"EMULATION TO THE NATURE IN BASIC DESIGN EDUCATION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE","authors":"B. Bekçi, Ç. Bogenç","doi":"10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.22.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.22.02","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The main purpose of the study is to create a recreational spatial organization with basic design elements and principles by emulating nature in increasing visual literacy. With this study, it was aimed to stimulate students' imagination and make them design spatial organization by emulating geological rock sections in sustainable design approaches of rural landscape areas. Method: The process of producing solutions to the design problem given was carried out by using (i) 14-week basic design training, (ii) taking thin samples from geological rocks for petrographical studies, and (iii) the analogical thinking method which was the inspiration of Goldschmidt and Smallov (2006) and Cardoso and Badke-Schavub (2011) for the transformation of their ideas into forms. Findings: By analyzing the concepts related to the given problem, the solution of the design problem began, and the designers’ abstract ideas were concretized and handled within the framework of the concept. Students, who received the subject of study during the design process, completed the product they prepared in line with the basic design education they received in order to obtain a product from the concept whichthey created in their mind by emulating geological rock sections. The process was successfully completed by adding something to the obtained product, removing something from the obtained product, and combining something with the obtained product in this process. Result: The ability to have a versatile perspective in design education, which finds common ground forart and architecture education, is vital. This study showed that in architectural education, the design process can collaborate with different disciplines and that the products may be unique and sensitive to ecosystem services.","PeriodicalId":142407,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE","volume":"421 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134271419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THE USING OF TERRESTRIAL LASER (POINT CLOUD) SCANNING TECHNOLOGIES ON URBAN SCALE: EXAMPLE OF THE HISTORICAL URBAN TEXTURE OF LAPSEKİ 地面激光(点云)扫描技术在城市尺度上的应用:以lapsekİ的历史城市肌理为例

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.23.03

Hatice Çiğdem Zağra, Sibel Özden

{"title":"THE USING OF TERRESTRIAL LASER (POINT CLOUD) SCANNING TECHNOLOGIES ON URBAN SCALE: EXAMPLE OF THE HISTORICAL URBAN TEXTURE OF LAPSEKİ","authors":"Hatice Çiğdem Zağra, Sibel Özden","doi":"10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.23.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.23.03","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aims to comparatively evaluate the use potential of orthophoto images obtained by terrestrial laser scanning technologies on an urban scale through the \"Old Lapseki Finds Life Project\" prepared using terrestrial laser scanning technologies and the \"Enez Historical City Square Project\" prepared using traditional methods. Method: In the study, street improvement projects of 29.210 m2 Lapseki and 29.214 m2 Enez city designed on an urban scale were evaluated and compared with descriptive statistics based on different parameters. Results: In the study, it has been determined that terrestrial laser (point cloud) technologies are 99,9% accurate when compared to traditional methods, save time by 83,08% and reduce workforce by 80%. In addition, it has been determined that terrestrial laser scanning technologies accelerate project processes compared to traditional methods. Conclusion: In this study, the use of laser scanning technologies, which are basically reverse engineering applications, in architectural restoration projects, determination of the current situation and damage, architectural documentation of structures and preparation of three-dimensional models, in terms of efficiency in survey studies are evaluated. It has been observed that orthophoto images obtained by terrestrial laser scanning technologies in architectural relief-restoration-restitution projects have potentials' worth using in different stages of the project.","PeriodicalId":142407,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114728680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SENSATIONS IN URBAN SPACE: SENSATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE YELDEĞİRMENİ AREA 城市空间的感觉:yeldeĞİrmenİ区域的感性分析

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.03

Sinem Tapki

{"title":"SENSATIONS IN URBAN SPACE: SENSATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE YELDEĞİRMENİ AREA","authors":"Sinem Tapki","doi":"10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.03","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This research aims to examine the forms and features of understanding and grasping urban space through the senses. In the study, unlike the eye-centred paradigm, it discusses the importance of understanding urban space, not only with the sense of sight, but also with other senses, and its importance in making sense of it. Method: Between January and September 2021, Kadıköy Yeldeğirmeni, Rıhtım Avenue, Karakolhane Street and İskele Street were experienced and sensory analysis of these experienced axes was made.The sensations felt were evaluated using graphical expression in the computer environment. During the sensory analysis, no instrument was used to measure the intensity of the sensations, and the experiencing body was taken as the basis. The scale showing the intensity of the sensations is subjective, and the interval regions in the diagrams are not a mathematical value, but the experienced area. Results: According to the sensory analysis, the sensations and dominant sensations on the three axes differ. The factors that create each sensation are also different. It was determined that sound, motion and visual sensations were dominant in İskele Street, sound sensation in Rıhtım Street, and sound and smell sensation in Karakolhane Street. In this study, in which the eye-centred paradigm was questioned, it was noted that urban space can be grasped with multi-sensational perception. Although visual sense is dominant today, urban experiences consist of the sum of sight, smell, sound, muscle-balance and touch senses. The fact that visuality comes to the fore in the representation of sensations also shows the need for new studies to be done.","PeriodicalId":142407,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123531171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THE RESEARCH OF SAKARYA/ HENDEK URBAN TRANSFORMATION APPLICATION WITH URBAN MORPHOLOGY APPROACH 基于城市形态学方法的sakarya / hendek城市改造应用研究

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.06

Ayşegül Tanrıverdi Kaya, Serpil Kutlu

{"title":"THE RESEARCH OF SAKARYA/ HENDEK URBAN TRANSFORMATION APPLICATION WITH URBAN MORPHOLOGY APPROACH","authors":"Ayşegül Tanrıverdi Kaya, Serpil Kutlu","doi":"10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.06","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Turkey is a country with high disaster risk and rapid urbanization increase the seismic risk in certain regions. Therefore, urban transformation projects have come to the agenda as a solution in our country in recent years. This study is a research that aims to manage the transformation process with the urban morphology approach by considering the place-context morphologically, which is generally ignored in urban transformation projects. Method: In the field study, spatial analyzes were made by comparing the morphological parameters such as street pattern, building-density relationship, use of open green space, and building island patterns before and after the intervention. Findings: As a result of the analysis, it has been seen that the street and permeable urban fabric has deteriorated, thus the stratification of private and public spaces is eliminated, with the combination of parcels and building blocks to obtain a single building block. It has been observed that the human scale has been damaged by the increasing densities, which have resulted from mass growth. Conclusion: Space is a phenomenon produced by society. We can make inferences from morphological parameters in order to understand this phenomenon and use it as data in urban transformation applications.","PeriodicalId":142407,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123543669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ARCHITECT AS THE SUBJECT OF CHANGE 架构师作为变化的主体

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2019.2.3

Bengi Yurtsever

引用次数: 0

‘TRANS-’ APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURE AND MUSIC INTERACTION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARCOS NOVAK’S LIQUID ARCHITECTURE AND MUSIC 建筑与音乐互动的“跨”方法:马科斯·诺瓦克的流动建筑与音乐之间的关系

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2020.21.3

Gizem Özkan Üstün, Pınar Dinç Kalaycı

{"title":"‘TRANS-’ APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURE AND MUSIC INTERACTION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARCOS NOVAK’S LIQUID ARCHITECTURE AND MUSIC","authors":"Gizem Özkan Üstün, Pınar Dinç Kalaycı","doi":"10.17365/tmd.2020.21.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2020.21.3","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this research is to identify the Novak’s relationship of ‘liquid architecture and music’ as an approach that diverges from the architecture music relationships that have been built throughout the historical process. Method: In describing the approach, initially, the intellectual and critical foundations and features of liquid architecture were emphasized, and subsequently, its relationship with music was discussed through case studies in comparison to the current relationship between architecture and music. Results: When the current relationships of the architecture and music are evaluated, the attitude apart from the arising sensations and affections doesn’t exist within the relationship of liquid architecture and music. Liquid architecture, which has characteristics such as continuity, timelessness, plurality, poetry and obscurity, acquires the characteristics of the individual varying based on his/her body, senses, perceptions, and emotions as the way of producing architecture. It is claimed that the liquidity approach will influence music and architecture in different ways than is known, and that music will transform into a new form of architecture, while architecture becoming a new form of music. In this context, it extends ‘beyond (trans-)’ the limits of current approaches. Conclusion: The sixth category of methodical approaches in architecture music interaction can be defined as the relationship of liquid architecture and music. The way it relates to music and the way it produces architecture also suggests a direction of development to concrete architecture and virtually warns about renewing its theory and tools.","PeriodicalId":142407,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121356200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EVALUATION OF GLASS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE MATERIALS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PLASTIC EFFECT OF CONCRETE IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 玻璃纤维增强混凝土材料在建筑环境中混凝土塑性效应的评价

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2023.turkey.28.07

Sıla Yildirim, Asena Soyluk

{"title":"EVALUATION OF GLASS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE MATERIALS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PLASTIC EFFECT OF CONCRETE IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT","authors":"Sıla Yildirim, Asena Soyluk","doi":"10.17365/tmd.2023.turkey.28.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2023.turkey.28.07","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: In this study, it is aimed to determine the success of glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) in realizing the plastic effect on the works of various architects and the advantages it provides in terms of aesthetics, according to the principles determined through the works of Zaha Hadid with the success of benefiting from the aesthetic properties of concrete and emphasizing the plastic effect. By giving information on the technical features of GFRC based on the literature, attention has been drawn to the effect of technical features (lightness, strength, etc.) on realizing the plastic effect. In addition, the places where different architects preferred GFRC in their designs were analyzed and the importance of the material design relationship was tried to be emphasized in this respect. Method: In the study, data collection and comparative analysis methods from qualitative methods were used. Findings: In the buildings examined, it was observed that GFRC was used only in the landscape of Haydar Aliyev Cultural Center, but frequently on the facade and interior. It has been observed that 60% of the GFRC used in the sample buildings has a 3D texture. It has been understood that the principles that create a plastic effect are largely provided by the GFRC. Results: GFRC is a very successful material due to its technical features in terms of providing the plastic effect, and that it can be molded according to the desired form and surface properties in architecture. However, in the light of the information obtained from the literature, it has been understood that the use of GFRC in the built environment is limited, so it has been concluded that the advantages of the aesthetic and technical characteristics of the material should be introduced to the architects.","PeriodicalId":142407,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125729957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IDEOLOGY – ARCHITECTURE RELATIONSHIP: NAZI ARCHITECTURE 意识形态与建筑的关系:纳粹建筑

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.25.05

Fulay Uysal Bilge

{"title":"IDEOLOGY – ARCHITECTURE RELATIONSHIP: NAZI ARCHITECTURE","authors":"Fulay Uysal Bilge","doi":"10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.25.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.25.05","url":null,"abstract":"Hitler’s Germany witnessed the most influential political power activities in world history before and during the Second World War. Germany’s collapse both politically and economically in the early 1930s enabled Hitler to take action. This structure, which relied on the new political stance behind it, has ensured its legitimacy and ideology with propaganda works. Nazis used the social power of architecture as a tool to support the new order that they were establishing. Aim: This study aims to investigate the effects on the forming and shaping of the city and the designed buildings, planned according to the Nazi ideology fundamentals. Method: In the article, concepts of ideology and propaganda are discussed. The propaganda methods used during the Hitler period are briefly explained. Through the relationship between ideology and architecture, the reflections of ideology on Nazi architecture have been determined. By evaluating the relationship of Hitler's architectural preferences with ideology, it was determined how it was treated as a propaganda tool. Findings: It was determined that the effects of Hitler's ideology on the shaping of Nazi architecture had an independent style of national socialism and classicism established on European typology and morphology. The relationship between the monumental architecture utilized in Nazi Germany and the styles in the history of architecture was detected. Although it is impossible to classify Hitler's architectural preferences under a single title and to say that the Third Reich has an official architectural style, it was determined that Nazi Architecture, founded on the neoclassical basis, was developed and changed around this framework. Conclusion: For architecture to thrive, it needs an innovative, unrestricted and creative environment rather than a repressive one. Politics is expected to be supportive rather than conflicting with architecture. Instead of imitation, supporting historical searches with creativity will develop architecture.","PeriodicalId":142407,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128102958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TOWARDS CARBON NEUTRAL SETTLEMENTS WITH ALGAE 用藻类实现碳中和

INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.25.01

Yonca Yaman, A. Tokuç, G. Köktürk

{"title":"TOWARDS CARBON NEUTRAL SETTLEMENTS WITH ALGAE","authors":"Yonca Yaman, A. Tokuç, G. Köktürk","doi":"10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.25.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.25.01","url":null,"abstract":"Biodesign concept is becoming more popular among studies that can help with reaching climate neutral built environment and combat global warming instead of continuing the common unsustainable lifestyle. Biodesign consists of learning and taking inspiration from nature, mimicking biological processes, and designing in collaboration with living organisms. Microalgae that live in aquatic environments can be used for this purpose and are the focus of this study. These photosynthetic organisms have an essential place in the ecosystems on earth. They serve as oxygen and ozone producers in the atmosphere, a sink for carbon dioxide, a food source, a biofuel resource, and a bio-degrader for waste. These functions are among the important needs of urban areas. Aim: This article aims to evaluate the possibilities of microalgae in the urban fabric for designing carbon neutral settlements. Method: The study examines the purposes and effects of algae applications through case studies. At the same time, SWOT analysis helps to understand the advantages and disadvantages of microalgae production for sustainable development. Results: The results show that microalgae applications help the built environment by realizing ecosystem services including, being carbon sinks, treating water, conserving energy, producing food, and improving air quality. Conclusion: Microalgae have the potential to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, improve soil, water and air quality, and ecological sustainability by promoting biodiversity. In addition, they serve socio-economic sustainability by providing employment, food security, energy security and resource savings, thus they have the potential to help reaching both carbon neutral cities and a sustainable environment.","PeriodicalId":142407,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133864295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0