International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity最新文献_第10页

Obesity, insulin, sex steroids and ovulation. 肥胖，胰岛素，性类固醇和排卵。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801282

J E Nestler

引用次数: 71

Physiopathology of prolactin secretion in obesity. 肥胖中催乳素分泌的生理病理。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801291

P G Kopelman

{"title":"Physiopathology of prolactin secretion in obesity.","authors":"P G Kopelman","doi":"10.1038/sj.ijo.0801291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801291","url":null,"abstract":"In many species prolactin is of biological importance and has a major role in determining the deposition and mobilization of fat. In human physiology, outside pregnancy, prolactin secretion is altered by increasing body weight in both children and adults. Prolactin in this circumstance appears to be marker of hypothalamic-pituitary function: the prolactin response to insulin-hypoglycaemia, thyrotrophin releasing hormone stimulation and other stimulatory factors may be diminished. In addition, obesity alters the 24h spontaneous release of prolactin with a generalised dampening of release. A number of explanations have been given as possible causes for these alterations, but it seems likely that they reflect obesity per se and are associated with hyperinsulinaemia. Weight reduction, with accompanying decrease in plasma insulin levels, leads to a normalization of prolactin responses in most, but not all, circumstances. To date, no molecular basis has been identified which links prolactin with increasing body fatness, weight and appetite: new data suggests a possible link in obese men between fasting plasma prolactin and leptin concentrations.","PeriodicalId":14227,"journal":{"name":"International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity","volume":"24 Suppl 2 ","pages":"S104-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21830470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 64

Cardiac insulin resistance is associated with an impaired recruitment of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to GLUT4 vesicles. 心脏胰岛素抵抗与磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶向GLUT4囊泡的募集受损有关。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801295

J Eckel, M Till, I Uphues

引用次数: 7

Gene expression of angiotensinogen in adipose tissue of obese patients. 肥胖患者脂肪组织血管紧张素原基因表达的研究。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801305

G Giacchetti, E Faloia, C Sardu, M A Camilloni, B Mariniello, C Gatti, G G Garrapa, M Guerrieri, F Mantero

{"title":"Gene expression of angiotensinogen in adipose tissue of obese patients.","authors":"G Giacchetti, E Faloia, C Sardu, M A Camilloni, B Mariniello, C Gatti, G G Garrapa, M Guerrieri, F Mantero","doi":"10.1038/sj.ijo.0801305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801305","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the genes of components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), namely angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin II receptor have been described in adipose tissue. In animal models the angiotensinogen in adipose tissue has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic alterations and hypertension associated with obesity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the AGT gene expression both in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese patients and lean subjects. AGT mRNA levels were measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers. AGT mRNA was expressed at variable levels in obese patients. It was significantly greater in visceral than in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Positive and significant correlation was found between the expression of AGT in visceral adipose tissue and BMI. These data suggest that angiotensinogen may be determinant of fat distribution and may be involved in the plurimetabolic syndrome of central obesity.","PeriodicalId":14227,"journal":{"name":"International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity","volume":"24 Suppl 2 ","pages":"S142-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21831602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 110

Influence of gender and body composition on glucocorticoid metabolism in middle-aged humans. 性别和身体组成对中年人糖皮质激素代谢的影响。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801306

R Andrew, D I Phillips, B R Walker

引用次数: 2

The potential role of periovarian fat and leptin in initiation of puberty in the immature rat. 子膜脂肪和瘦素在未成熟大鼠青春期开始中的潜在作用。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801307

W E Cannady, D W Brann, V B Mahesh

引用次数: 17

Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine, blunts but does not abolish the ACTH and cortisol response to hexarelin, a GHRP, in obese patients. 阿普唑仑是一种苯二氮卓类药物，在肥胖患者中，它能减弱但不能消除促肾上腺皮质激素和皮质醇对己卡瑞林(一种GHRP)的反应。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801302

S Grottoli, E Arvat, C Gauna, B Maccagno, J Ramunni, R Giordano, M Maccario, R Deghenghi, E Ghigo

{"title":"Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine, blunts but does not abolish the ACTH and cortisol response to hexarelin, a GHRP, in obese patients.","authors":"S Grottoli, E Arvat, C Gauna, B Maccagno, J Ramunni, R Giordano, M Maccario, R Deghenghi, E Ghigo","doi":"10.1038/sj.ijo.0801302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801302","url":null,"abstract":"GH secretagogues (GHS) act on specific receptors at the pituitary and hypothalamic level and possess potent GH-releasing activity but also stimulate prolactin (PRL), ACTH and cortisol (F) secretion. However, hyperactivity of the HPA axis in obesity has been reported. The objective of this study was to clarify the endocrine activity of GHS in obesity. In nine obese patients (obese OB), 9 F, age, (34.8 +/- 3.7 y, body mass index (BMI), 35.0 +/- 2.2 kg/m2; WHR, 0.9 +/- 0.02), 14 controls (normal subjects, NS), 14 F, 30.4 +/- 0.9 y, 20.0 +/- 0.4 kg/m2), we studied the ACTH, F and GH responses to hexarelin (HEX, 2.0 microg/kg), a peptidyl GHS, alone and preceded by alprazolam (ALP, 0.02 mg/kg), and a benzodiazepine which has an inhibitory effect on corticotroph secretion. The HEX-induced ACTH response in OB was higher than that in n.s., but this difference did not attain statistical significance. In n.s. the HEX-induced ACTH response was abolished by ALP (P < 0.03) which, however, only blunted that in OB (P < 0.02). The GH response to HEX in OB was lower (P < 0.02) than that in n.s.. ALP blunted the GH response to HEX in n.s. (P < 0.03) while it did not modify that in OB. The GABAergic activation by alprazolam abolishes the ACTH response to hexarelin in normal subjects, while it only blunts that in obese subjects. Moreover, alprazolam blunts the GH response to hexarelin in normal but not in obese subjects. Thus, obese patients show partial refractoriness to the inhibitory effect of alprazolam on both corticotroph and somatotroph function.","PeriodicalId":14227,"journal":{"name":"International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity","volume":"24 Suppl 2 ","pages":"S136-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21831599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Hormones and body composition in humans: clinical studies. 激素和人体成分:临床研究。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801270

F Armellini, M Zamboni, O Bosello

{"title":"Hormones and body composition in humans: clinical studies.","authors":"F Armellini, M Zamboni, O Bosello","doi":"10.1038/sj.ijo.0801270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801270","url":null,"abstract":"Leptin in relation to body fat and hormonal regulation of body fat distribution will be treated. Leptin circulating levels are strongly related to the percentage of body fat and in women leptin values are always twofold those observed in men. A role of androgens has been suggested to explain this gender difference. Insulin resistance may contribute to the wide variation in leptin levels. Leptin levels and insulin resistance are increased at the end of pregnancy and normalize after delivery. Furthermore, insulin resistance is associated with elevated plasma leptin levels independent of body fat mass and leptin levels are significantly related to insulin sensitivity independent of BMI. Energy restriction can strongly influence leptin levels, overcoming the effects of body composition changes. The shift from a state of triglycerides storage to a state of release could down-regulate leptin production. Triglyceride flux at the intra-abdominal level depends on the balance between insulin and corticosteroids, which have liposynthetic activity, and between sexual and growth hormones, which have lipolytic activity. Both hormonal and body composition change with ageing, primarily due to a decrease in lipolytic activity, with consequent prevalence of liposynthesis and visceral fat accumulation. Enlargement of intra-abdominal adipose cells is more gradual in men and more abrupt in women after menopause.","PeriodicalId":14227,"journal":{"name":"International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity","volume":"24 Suppl 2 ","pages":"S18-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21831924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Substrate competition and insulin action in animal models. 动物模型中的底物竞争和胰岛素作用。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801271

R Vettor, A M Lombardi, R Fabris, R Serra, C Pagano, C Macor, G Federspil

引用次数: 17

Vascular actions of insulin in obesity. 胰岛素在肥胖中的血管作用。

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801272

H Yki-Järvinen, J Westerbacka

{"title":"Vascular actions of insulin in obesity.","authors":"H Yki-Järvinen, J Westerbacka","doi":"10.1038/sj.ijo.0801272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801272","url":null,"abstract":"An increased prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular disease is the most important clinical consequence of abdominal obesity. Although defects in glucose handling in skeletal muscle have been extensively investigated, they have failed to clarify why insulin resistance is linked to vascular disease. Non-classic actions of insulin such as those on haemodynamics, nerve function and haemostasis and on lipoprotein metabolism would appear of greater interest in this respect. It is now clear that obese individuals exhibit resistance to some of the non-classic effects of insulin. These include resistance to insulin action on large vessel compliance, nitric oxide-dependent stimulation of vasodilation in resistance vessels, activation of the sympathetic nervous system by insulin but not other stimuli, platelet anti-aggregation and suppression of hepatic very low density lipoprotein production. The exact cause(s) of resistance to these non-classic insulin actions are unclear but their understanding would seem important to understand the links between obesity and cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":14227,"journal":{"name":"International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity","volume":"24 Suppl 2 ","pages":"S25-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21831926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35