International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences最新文献_第5页

Artificial intelligence and mental health: a review article 人工智能与心理健康：评论文章

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240864

Debajani Deka

{"title":"Artificial intelligence and mental health: a review article","authors":"Debajani Deka","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240864","url":null,"abstract":"The term AI was originally coined by a computer scientist, John McCarthy, who defined it as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines. The father of AI authored a 1950 article, “Computing Machinery and intelligence” that discussed the reasons for considering a machine to be intelligent. Artificial intelligence is useful to facilitate faster disease detection. It helps to understand disease progression, improve medication/treatment dosages, and discover innovative treatments. The artificial intelligence tools mostly used for psychosis risk screening are chatbots and large-scale social media data analysis. Chatbot is a computer program that allows human-computer interactions in the form of textual dialogue based on the technology of natural language processing. The world's first chatbot, ELIZA, was designed in the 1960s and responds to special rules by recognizing keywords in user-entered text. Chatbots in the mental healthcare field include Tess, Florence, Buoy Health, and Your. Md. In addition to natural language processing, the machine learning methods adopted by chatbots also include natural language understanding, artificial neural networks, and recurrent neural networks.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Renal artery variants: a comprehensive cadaveric comparative study using morphological and corrosion casting technique 肾动脉变异：利用形态学和腐蚀铸造技术进行的尸体综合比较研究

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240841

R. Kaushik, Alok Tripathi, H. Kausar, Prabhat Goel, Shobhit Raizaday, Pooja Dawani

{"title":"Renal artery variants: a comprehensive cadaveric comparative study using morphological and corrosion casting technique","authors":"R. Kaushik, Alok Tripathi, H. Kausar, Prabhat Goel, Shobhit Raizaday, Pooja Dawani","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240841","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kidneys, crucial excretory organs, receive substantial blood supply through renal arteries. Variations in their anatomy are common, warranting detailed investigation. This study aims to comprehensively examine renal artery patterns using both gross dissection and the corrosion cast method.\u0000Methods: Thirty kidney pairs from cadavers were meticulously dissected at Subharti Medical College, Meerut, U.P. India. Gross features were carefully noted, and corrosion casts were meticulously prepared. Prevalence, origin, level, division, course, and variations were exhaustively recorded to provide a thorough understanding of renal vascular anatomy.\u0000Results: Main renal arteries were found to predominantly originate from the abdominal aorta in all specimens. Interestingly, a higher prevalence of origin of right renal arteries was observed, with 47% exhibiting a higher origin than their left counterparts. Further analysis revealed prehilar division in 38.3% and hilar division in 61.6% of specimens. Notably, a segmental pattern of renal arteries was observed. Accessory renal arteries (8%) were identified, including rare occurrences of bilateral and double accessory renal arteries. Of particular significance was the observation of an accessory renal artery passing anterior to the inferior vena cava, highlighting the intricacies of renal vascular variations.\u0000Conclusions: While reaffirming the conventional understanding of renal arterial anatomy, this study emphasizes the complexity and clinical relevance of variations in renal artery morphology. Such detailed insights are invaluable for surgical and radiological practice, underlining the importance of meticulous preoperative assessment to optimize patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"41 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors associated with clinical competency of nursing students 与护理专业学生临床能力相关的因素

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240847

Bonsak Yoeum, Virya Koy, Rany Sam

{"title":"Factors associated with clinical competency of nursing students","authors":"Bonsak Yoeum, Virya Koy, Rany Sam","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240847","url":null,"abstract":"A critical priority and challenge in nursing education today is caused by the variability of the healthcare environment. This systematic review reported findings on the independent variables that are associated with nursing students' clinical competency. A literature review search was conducted using Mendeley’s website in 2023 with using keywords such as nursing clinical competency and nursing student. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to appraise and describe the methodological quality. A narrative report was given on the synthesis of the results. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 papers were retained out of 1162 identified research publications. Among 16 papers, the common predictive factors mentioned in the reviewed articles on the clinical competency of nursing students include clinical learning environment, self-efficacy, and self-awareness. Other factors such as clinical training program, type of learning-teaching, learning experiences, and socio-demographics were involved as the significant variables toward clinical competency. There are several other characteristics or predictors of clinical competency that require further investigation.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Versatility and modifications of the cross-finger flap in reconstruction of digital soft tissue defect 横指皮瓣在重建数字软组织缺损中的多功能性和改良性

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240832

M. Ruhul Amin, M. Nazrul Hossain Mullah, M. Noor-E-Alam, Aleem-Al-Razee Khan, Lailun Nahar, M. Ashiqur Rahman, Shafia Nasrin, M. Salah Uddin

{"title":"Versatility and modifications of the cross-finger flap in reconstruction of digital soft tissue defect","authors":"M. Ruhul Amin, M. Nazrul Hossain Mullah, M. Noor-E-Alam, Aleem-Al-Razee Khan, Lailun Nahar, M. Ashiqur Rahman, Shafia Nasrin, M. Salah Uddin","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240832","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hand injuries can cause major functional and cosmetic concerns. The cross-finger flap (CFF) is an effective treatment for complex finger defects. While CFF has typically been employed to treat volar aspect abnormalities, new versions now address a larger variety of digital soft tissue defects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of various modified techniques of cross-finger flap which are used to reconstruct different soft tissue defect of fingers.\u0000Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out in the department of Burn and Plastic Surgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from September 2018 to February 2020. Forty (40) patients who presented with different soft tissue defect of fingers included in this study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.\u0000Results: The study involved predominantly male participants (80%), with a mean age of 31.70±14.28 years. The most common soft tissue defect site was the volar area (47.5%), and various modified cross-finger flap techniques were employed. The majority of patients achieved excellent functional outcomes, with 82.5% classified as good, 12.5% as satisfactory, and 5.0% as poor.\u0000Conclusions: The modifications of the cross-finger flap are versatile and useful for different sites of digital injuries with good functional outcome.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"3 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunology of vernal keratoconjunctivitis 虹膜角结膜炎免疫学

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240869

Gompa Mohana Preethi, Puja Rai

引用次数: 0

Cracking of enigma of Evans: a rare association with Sjogren and systemic lupus erythematosus 破解埃文斯之谜：与 Sjogren 和系统性红斑狼疮的罕见关联

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240859

Gyan Prakash Kumar, H. M. F. Bari, Piyush Ratan, Tanya Mishra, Ashutosh Kumar, P. N. Jha, Ashok Kumar

引用次数: 0

A comparative study on prevalence of uropathogens and their antibiogram in diabetics and non-diabetics attending a tertiary care hospital 关于在一家三级医院就诊的糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者中尿路病原体流行率及其抗生素图谱的比较研究

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240843

Tanmay Anne, V. Suryadevara, Anuradha B.

{"title":"A comparative study on prevalence of uropathogens and their antibiogram in diabetics and non-diabetics attending a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Tanmay Anne, V. Suryadevara, Anuradha B.","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240843","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a significant problem in both diabetics and non-diabetics. High glucose may create a culture medium for growth of the virulent organisms. Diabetics are at greater risk for developing complications of UTI. Extensive and improper use of antibiotics has caused widespread anti-microbial resistance among uro-pathogens. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics during Covid-19 pandemic might lead to more resistant uro-pathogens which might further complicate the treatment of UTI. This study will help to determine resistance patterns of common uro-pathogens, which is essential for proper patient care.\u0000Methods: Clean voided midstream urine samples were collected from 91 patients (67 diabetic and 24 non-diabetic). Urine cultures were performed using semi-quantitative technique and pathogens were identified using phenotypic methods. Those with colony forming units (CFU) ≥105 CFU/ml were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity testing by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and the isolates were classified as sensitive, and resistant according to CLSI guidelines.\u0000Results: E. coli (53.84%) and Enterococci (29.67%) were the most commonly isolated pathogens of UTI in both diabetics and non-diabetics. E. coli resistance to imipenem was statistically more in diabetics when compared to non-diabetics (p=0.012). Resistance patterns of other organisms were similar in both the groups.\u0000Conclusions: E. coli was the most common pathogen isolated in both groups followed by Enterococci and Klebsiella. Diabetics showed statistically significant higher resistance (100%) to imepenem than non-diabetics. Other organisms isolated in this study did not show any statistically significant difference in their antibiogram.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"37 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sporotrichoid cutaneous leishmaniasis: atypical form 孢子丝状皮肤利什曼病：非典型形式

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240853

Walter Belda, P. A. Vale, C. H. C. Carvalho

{"title":"Sporotrichoid cutaneous leishmaniasis: atypical form","authors":"Walter Belda, P. A. Vale, C. H. C. Carvalho","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240853","url":null,"abstract":"Leishmaniasis comprises a heterogeneous and extensive group of infectious and non-contagious diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania spp. It is a disease considered endemic in 92 countries, with at least 1 million new cases of integumentary forms annually. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in the tropics and neotropics. It is often referred to as a group of diseases because of the varied spectrum of clinical manifestations, which range from small cutaneous nodules to gross mucosal tissue destruction. Cutaneous leishmaniasis can be caused by several Leishmania spp. and is transmitted to human beings and animals by sandflies. Despite its increasing worldwide incidence, because it is rarely fatal, cutaneous leishmaniasis has become one of the so-called neglected diseases, In endemic countries, diagnosis is often made clinically and, if possible, by microscopic examination of lesion biopsy smears to visually confirm leishmania parasites as the cause. Cutaneous leishmaniasis often presents as an ulcerated lesion, with raised, infiltrated edges, classically described as frame-like edges at the site of the mosquito bite. We report an uncommon case of a patient who presented with a lesion on the face, sporotrichoid in appearance, and thigh, which appeared simultaneously, of clinical lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis, laboratory-confirmed and which showed excellent clinical evolution with the use of liposomal amphotericin B.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the viability of newer technologies in care and management of tribal diabetes and metabolic syndrome in India 探索新技术在印度部落糖尿病和代谢综合征护理和管理中的可行性

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240865

Kritika Singh, T. Chakma, Suman Ray, Neha Vaidh, S. Shrivastava

{"title":"Exploring the viability of newer technologies in care and management of tribal diabetes and metabolic syndrome in India","authors":"Kritika Singh, T. Chakma, Suman Ray, Neha Vaidh, S. Shrivastava","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240865","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancements of digitalization technology in health sector, diabetes care and management have also experienced modifications and betterment. Various newer technologies cater to the individual conditions and needs and provide a personalized treatment. Device based technologies such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) linked to closed loop insulin delivery system, insulin pumps, wearable devices linked with mobile apps have made the self-management of diabetes possible on regular basis. In its contrast, the technologies are yet to reach the tribal settings of India, and also very challenging to implement. Studies have shown that the scenario of diabetes prevalence in Indian tribal population is as crucial as urban population. Also, land alienation, lack of health management infrastructure, low connectivity, technological challenges add up to their condition. While various technologies are challenging to implement due to electricity, network connectivity, infrastructure and storage facilities, some technologies can be implemented easily with the joint approach of primary health care staff, governmental and non-governmental organizations and people with diabetes themselves. Digitization of data is needed as it will give a clearer picture of the prevalence, provide easy access for the follow ups and easier to implement intervention-based technologies. The situation demands a tailored multifaceted approach for implementing the technological based remedies in tribal settings of India as it will increase the quality of life in these areas.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drug repositioning: current scenario and future prospective for rewriting saga of drug development 药物重新定位：改写药物开发传奇的现状与未来展望

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240867

Alok Dixit, Ajit K. Mishra, Chandra Veer Singh, Vinay Kumar Gupta, Devesh Pandey

{"title":"Drug repositioning: current scenario and future prospective for rewriting saga of drug development","authors":"Alok Dixit, Ajit K. Mishra, Chandra Veer Singh, Vinay Kumar Gupta, Devesh Pandey","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240867","url":null,"abstract":"Drug development is a process that demands huge investment of resources and time with only 1 drug candidate successful in reaching market among 10,000 screened taking time duration of 10-15 years and millions of dollars. This high attrition rates discourage investors and researchers. The pharmaceutical industry is shifting its attention away from de novo drug research and towards discovering novel targets and indications for already-approved drugs. In order to accelerate the drug development process with reduced risk of failure and relatively lower costs, pharmaceutical companies have adopted drug repositioning as an alternative. Therefore, a good strategy for drug development would be drug repositioning or drug repurposing, which is to identify, investigate, and exploit new therapeutic uses of already-available, on-market drugs, as well as those that have been withdrawn due to toxicities or that remain on shelves in various stages of development. The outbreak of SARS-COV-19 shows that humanity is constantly vulnerable to epidemics and new microbial attacks and that there is no time to create disease-specific therapies. Consequently, it would seem advantageous to use what is already accessible. Novel therapeutic indications that have previously been approved by the market can reduce investment costs significantly in terms of money, resources, and most importantly, time, as long as they meet PKPD and toxicity standards. Sponsors and pharmaceutical corporations get enthusiastic about additional investments and initiatives related to drug development as a consequence. The upcoming therapeutic revolution, especially with the aid of artificial intelligence, is indicated by the successful applications of several already-available drugs against COVID-19 and the various phases of repurposed drugs against TB, colorectal cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, cervical cancer, and Parkinsonism.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140364828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0