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Unlocking Stereodefined Olefins by Z-Selective Transition Metals-catalyzed C−H Activations 通过z选择性过渡金属催化的C - H活化解锁立体烯烃
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70963
Francesco Capranica, Silvia Cattani, Gianpiero Cera
{"title":"Unlocking Stereodefined Olefins by Z-Selective Transition Metals-catalyzed C−H Activations","authors":"Francesco Capranica,&nbsp;Silvia Cattani,&nbsp;Gianpiero Cera","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Z</i>-olefins are key synthetic intermediates in organic chemistry, and they are ubiquitous functionalities since they are present in many pharmaceuticals, biologically relevant compounds, and materials. Recently, several catalytic strategies for the non-trivial synthesis of these compounds have been reported to overcome the limitations linked to the use of stoichiometric reagents. Among these methods, the direct C−H functionalization of (hetero)arenes represents a complementary yet challenging strategy. Within this review, we aim to discuss the stereoselective synthesis of olefins by <i>Z</i>-selective transition metals-catalyzed C−H activations. In particular, we will focus on the design of novel methods for the synthesis of <i>Z</i>-alkenes, characterized by a single double bond, and (<i>E</i>,<i>Z</i>)-1,3-dienes. The origin of <i>Z</i>-stereoselectivity and late-stage derivatizations for the synthesis of value-added derivatives will be further discussed to provide a complete overview of this innovative approach in the field of synthetic methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cctc.70963","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Riboflavin Photocatalyzed Synthesis of 1,2-diarylbenzimidazoles From N,N’-diarylbenzimidamides 核黄素光催化N,N′-二芳基苯并咪唑合成1,2-二芳基苯并咪唑
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70964
María A. El Ain, Tomás Segura, Santiago J. Fornasier, Juan E. Argüello, Burkhard König, Adrián A. Heredia, María E. Budén
{"title":"Riboflavin Photocatalyzed Synthesis of 1,2-diarylbenzimidazoles From N,N’-diarylbenzimidamides","authors":"María A. El Ain,&nbsp;Tomás Segura,&nbsp;Santiago J. Fornasier,&nbsp;Juan E. Argüello,&nbsp;Burkhard König,&nbsp;Adrián A. Heredia,&nbsp;María E. Budén","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70964","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A metal-free, visible-light-mediated strategy for the synthesis of 1,2-diarylbenzimidazoles is reported. The method uses riboflavin tetraacetate as an organic photocatalyst, enabling efficient intramolecular C─N bond formation from <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-diarylbenzimidamides under mild conditions at room temperature. A broad range of substrates bearing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups, including halogens, are compatible with the reaction, affording structurally diverse benzimidazoles. Mechanistic studies indicate that the transformation involves radical intermediates generated through the interaction of the excited photocatalyst with the substrate. Photophysical experiments identify the substrate as the primary quencher of the photocatalyst's excited state, while computational analysis supports a hydrogen atom transfer pathway as the key step governing cyclization. This work provides a sustainable and mechanistic approach to benzimidazole synthesis, expanding the scope of metal-free photocatalysis for the construction of heteroaromatic compounds.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radical Control in Binuclear Copper Enzymes: Structure, Dioxygen Activation, and Mechanisms 双核铜酶的自由基控制:结构、双氧活化和机制
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70943
Wen-Can Sun, Ming-Jia Yu, Shi-Lu Chen
{"title":"Radical Control in Binuclear Copper Enzymes: Structure, Dioxygen Activation, and Mechanisms","authors":"Wen-Can Sun,&nbsp;Ming-Jia Yu,&nbsp;Shi-Lu Chen","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70943","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Copper-dependent enzymes catalyze a wide range of selective oxidative transformations through activation of dioxygen, with radical chemistry frequently serving as a key strategy for the activation of inert chemical bonds. This review focuses on radical-mediated dioxygen activation in representative copper enzymes containing binuclear copper active sites. Particular emphasis is placed on radical-dependent systems such as peptide α-hydroxylating monooxygenase, dopamine β-hydroxylase, and tyramine β-monooxygenase; enzymes for which radical pathways are proposed but not fully established, including BURP-domain peptide cyclases and fungal DUF3328 copper enzymes; and type-III copper proteins (tyrosinases, catechol oxidases and NspF), where transient radical species may arise during catalysis. We also discuss particulate methane monooxygenase, whose catalytic metal center has undergone continuous reinterpretation. Through comparative analysis, this review highlights the diverse functional roles of radical intermediates in dicopper enzyme catalysis and examines the relationships between active-site structure and dioxygen activation pathways, providing perspectives for future mechanistic investigations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Salt-Confined Engineering of Hierarchically Porous Cobalt-Modified Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Architecture as a Cathode Electrocatalyst for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell 分层多孔钴修饰氮掺杂碳结构阴离子交换膜燃料电池阴极电催化剂的盐限工程研究
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70961
Anil Kumar U., Asis Sethi, Chaithra Rajeev, Vishal M. Dhavale
{"title":"Salt-Confined Engineering of Hierarchically Porous Cobalt-Modified Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Architecture as a Cathode Electrocatalyst for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell","authors":"Anil Kumar U.,&nbsp;Asis Sethi,&nbsp;Chaithra Rajeev,&nbsp;Vishal M. Dhavale","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70961","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developing durable and scalable non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) cathode catalysts remains a canonical challenge for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). In this study, we report a hierarchically porous cobalt-modified nitrogen-doped carbon (Co─CoO/NC) electrocatalyst synthesized via salt-confined carbonization of glucose and urea using NaCl as a removable ionic template. Methodical TG-DSC analysis is employed to elucidate the thermal evolution of the precursors, revealing the sequential decomposition of urea, carbonization of glucose, and stabilization of the carbon framework under salt confinement, which has collectively suppressed the aggregation of cobalt nanoparticles during the growth. Structural and spectroscopic characterizations confirm uniformly dispersed, coordination-stabilized cobalt species within a defect-rich yet conductive carbon framework, in Co─CoO/NC. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements show a Type IV isotherm with H3 hysteresis and a high surface area (∼240 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>), indicative of interconnected micro- and meso-pores. The resulting catalyst exhibits enhanced oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and remarkable durability, with minimal loss of its <i>E</i><sub>1/2</sub> after 15,000 cycles. The MEA fabricated with Co─CoO/NC as cathode catalyst delivered a peak power density of 464 mW cm<sup>−2</sup> in an AEMFC application.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Surface Chemistry of Methanol on Well-defined Metal Oxide Surfaces 甲醇在明确金属氧化物表面上的表面化学
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70954
Ruihan Rao, Shangyao Guo, Yun Liu
{"title":"Surface Chemistry of Methanol on Well-defined Metal Oxide Surfaces","authors":"Ruihan Rao,&nbsp;Shangyao Guo,&nbsp;Yun Liu","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70954","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Methanol is a pivotal feedstock in the modern chemical industry and is integral to the development of sustainable energy systems. Owing to the coexistence of C─H and C─O bonds and diverse reaction pathways, methanol is extensively employed as a probe molecule to gain insight into the structure and activity of the metal oxide surfaces. Although numerous experimental and theoretical studies have been dedicated to fundamental understanding of methanol-metal oxide interactions, a clear link between surface atomic structure and the adsorption, dissociation, and reactivity of methanol on metal oxides is still lacking. This review summarizes recent progress in methanol adsorption and reaction mechanisms on well-defined single-crystal model oxide surfaces, focusing on selected systems such as iron, vanadium, and titanium oxides. We analyze the roles of surface termination, metal coordination environments, and electronic properties of metal oxide surfaces in governing methanol adsorption, dissociation, and reactivity. Based on atomic- and molecular-level investigations of surface chemistry, we aim to identify the commonalities and disparities among various model oxide systems and to provide an outlook for the rational design of advanced catalysts guided by surface science and catalytic chemistry.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coupling Cathodic Nitrate Reduction With Anodic Polymer Oxidation Enabled by Bimetallic FeNi Nanoalloys at Low Potentials 双金属FeNi纳米合金在低电位下耦合阴极硝酸盐还原与阳极聚合物氧化
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70941
Lijie Qi, Shujun Liu, Yu Fu
{"title":"Coupling Cathodic Nitrate Reduction With Anodic Polymer Oxidation Enabled by Bimetallic FeNi Nanoalloys at Low Potentials","authors":"Lijie Qi,&nbsp;Shujun Liu,&nbsp;Yu Fu","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70941","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The electrocatalytic reduction of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> coupled with the oxidation of polyacrylamide (HPAM) represents a novel electrocatalytic reaction system with broad prospects. However, its overall efficiency remains insufficient and the reaction potential excessively high, limiting further application. By reconfiguring the surface charge distribution, we achieved enhanced electrochemical efficiency and reduced the applied reaction potential. This study synthesized a bifunctional FeNi@N-CNTs catalyst with a heterojunction structure, achieving a maximum ammonia production rate of 13.74 ± 0.11 mg h<sup>−1</sup> mg<sub>cat.</sub><sup>−1</sup> and a Faradaic efficiency of 88.82 ± 0.93%. Furthermore, the HPAM degradation efficiency reached 96.04 ± 0.82% within 2 h at − 0.6 V (vs. RHE). Finally, in situ ATR–SEIRAS and in situ DEMS analyses revealed that *NHOH serves as a crucial reaction intermediate in the ammonia synthesis process. This work provides novel insights for advancing the industrial application of electrocatalytic NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> reduction coupling.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Turning on Imine Photoreactivity: Ambiphilic BICAAC-Directed C─N Bond Formation 开启亚胺的光反应性:bicaac导向的两亲性C─N键形成
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70970
Ayanangshu Biswas, Surbhi Bansal, Abhishek Kundu, Alisha Sharma, Soumyadeep Dey, Sushil Kumar Jakhar, Debashis Adhikari, Sanjay Singh
{"title":"Turning on Imine Photoreactivity: Ambiphilic BICAAC-Directed C─N Bond Formation","authors":"Ayanangshu Biswas,&nbsp;Surbhi Bansal,&nbsp;Abhishek Kundu,&nbsp;Alisha Sharma,&nbsp;Soumyadeep Dey,&nbsp;Sushil Kumar Jakhar,&nbsp;Debashis Adhikari,&nbsp;Sanjay Singh","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70970","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Herein, we report that bicyclic (alkyl)(amino) carbene (BICAAC), by virtue of its superior ambiphilicity, can emulate the role of transition metals for the borrowing hydrogen (BH) reaction. We prove this carbene-driven BH reaction by choosing the N-alkylation reaction of amines using a variety of alcohols as alkylating agents. During the process, alcohol is dehydrogenated by a proton and hydride transfer in a concerted, asynchronous process, where the stripped hydrogen is stored on the carbene carbon in the form of BICAAC-H<sub>2</sub> (<b>1<sup>H,H</sup></b>). The overall process is photo-thermal in nature, where the in situ generated imine needs photoactivation before being reduced by a mild reductant. The photochemically activated α-amino radical conducts hydrogen atom transfer reactions from <b>1<sup>H,H</sup></b> so that imine hydrogenation can be completed. This process showcases the power of a carbon center, a main group element, in steering the full BH catalytic cycle.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Turning on Imine Photoreactivity: Ambiphilic BICAAC-Directed C─N Bond Formation 开启亚胺的光反应性:bicaac导向的两亲性C─N键形成
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70970
Ayanangshu Biswas, Surbhi Bansal, Abhishek Kundu, Alisha Sharma, Soumyadeep Dey, Sushil Kumar Jakhar, Debashis Adhikari, Sanjay Singh
{"title":"Turning on Imine Photoreactivity: Ambiphilic BICAAC-Directed C─N Bond Formation","authors":"Ayanangshu Biswas,&nbsp;Surbhi Bansal,&nbsp;Abhishek Kundu,&nbsp;Alisha Sharma,&nbsp;Soumyadeep Dey,&nbsp;Sushil Kumar Jakhar,&nbsp;Debashis Adhikari,&nbsp;Sanjay Singh","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70970","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Herein, we report that bicyclic (alkyl)(amino) carbene (BICAAC), by virtue of its superior ambiphilicity, can emulate the role of transition metals for the borrowing hydrogen (BH) reaction. We prove this carbene-driven BH reaction by choosing the N-alkylation reaction of amines using a variety of alcohols as alkylating agents. During the process, alcohol is dehydrogenated by a proton and hydride transfer in a concerted, asynchronous process, where the stripped hydrogen is stored on the carbene carbon in the form of BICAAC-H<sub>2</sub> (<b>1<sup>H,H</sup></b>). The overall process is photo-thermal in nature, where the in situ generated imine needs photoactivation before being reduced by a mild reductant. The photochemically activated α-amino radical conducts hydrogen atom transfer reactions from <b>1<sup>H,H</sup></b> so that imine hydrogenation can be completed. This process showcases the power of a carbon center, a main group element, in steering the full BH catalytic cycle.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanically Driven Redox Catalysis: From Metal-Catalyzed Coupling to Piezoelectric and Cooperative Systems 机械驱动的氧化还原催化:从金属催化耦合到压电和协同系统
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70956
Man-Li Feng, Zhenduo Fei, Dingyi Wang
{"title":"Mechanically Driven Redox Catalysis: From Metal-Catalyzed Coupling to Piezoelectric and Cooperative Systems","authors":"Man-Li Feng,&nbsp;Zhenduo Fei,&nbsp;Dingyi Wang","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70956","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mechanochemistry has evolved beyond its traditional role as a sustainable alternative to solution-phase synthesis and is now recognized as a distinctive catalytic platform in which mechanical force can regulate bond activation, redox processes, catalyst speciation, and reaction selectivity. Foundational progress in this area was established through transition-metal-catalyzed mechanochemical cross-coupling reactions. More recently, the field has expanded to encompass piezoelectric-material-mediated mechanoredox chemistry, in which piezoelectric materials function not merely as grinding auxiliaries but as genuine catalytic components capable of converting mechanical energy into chemically accessible redox potentials. The convergence of these two directions has further enabled metal/piezoelectric synergistic catalytic systems, opening new opportunities for activating inert substrates, accessing unconventional redox pathways, and modulating catalytic selectivity in ways that are difficult to achieve under conventional solution-phase conditions. This review summarizes recent advances in mechanically driven redox catalysis, with particular emphasis on its conceptual evolution from mechanochemical cross-coupling to piezocatalysis and, more recently, to metal/piezoelectric synergistic catalysis. By integrating these developments within a unified framework, this review aims to clarify the mechanistic logic of this rapidly developing field and to highlight the challenges and opportunities that will shape its future development.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unveiling Failure of Gold Nanoclusters and Stabilization Strategies in the Gold Nanocluster-Catalyzed TiO2-Based Photoelectrode Design for Water Splitting Reaction 揭示金纳米团簇在金纳米团簇催化二氧化钛光电极水裂解反应中的失效及稳定策略
IF 4.1 3区 化学
ChemCatChem Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.70953
Moyu Hu, Feng Shi, Yibo Tian, Dongqi Chen, Alex C. K. Yip, Shengwei Deng, Frank Leung-Yuk Lam, Xijun Hu
{"title":"Unveiling Failure of Gold Nanoclusters and Stabilization Strategies in the Gold Nanocluster-Catalyzed TiO2-Based Photoelectrode Design for Water Splitting Reaction","authors":"Moyu Hu,&nbsp;Feng Shi,&nbsp;Yibo Tian,&nbsp;Dongqi Chen,&nbsp;Alex C. K. Yip,&nbsp;Shengwei Deng,&nbsp;Frank Leung-Yuk Lam,&nbsp;Xijun Hu","doi":"10.1002/cctc.70953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70953","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have attracted attention as candidate photosensitizers because of their distinctive energy-level characteristics. Coupling AuNCs with wide-bandgap semiconductors such as solar irradiation by the semiconductor. Nevertheless, AuNCs readily aggregate and may deactivate under prolonged illumination, which limits sustained photoresponse. In this work, the cationic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) was introduced as a surface modifier to enhance the stability of AuNCs anchored on TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays. Owing to electrostatic interactions, the negatively charged AuNCs bind more firmly to the PEI-treated TiO<sub>2</sub> surface, resulting in improved durability. In addition, the electronic structure of PEI promotes the separation of photogenerated charge carriers, leading to a marked increase in photocurrent density. Molecular dynamics simulations further indicate that PEI functionalization of TiO<sub>2</sub> substrates substantially improves the thermal stability of Au–GSH nanoparticles by facilitating heat dissipation and inhibiting sintering at elevated temperatures. Finally, AuNCs and PEI were coated with a Nafion layer to mitigate attack from aqueous electrolytes while preserving efficient electron transport pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":141,"journal":{"name":"ChemCatChem","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cctc.70953","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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