International Journal of Integrated Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Multibeam Array Antenna with Compact Size Butler Matrix for Millimeter-Wave Application","authors":"Noorlindawaty Md Jizat, Yoshihide Yamada, Z. Yusoff","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"New radio wave technologies of millimeter-wave (mmWave), compact cell size, and multi beam base station are introduced with the recent development of the 5G mobile system. The Butler Matrix (BM) feed circuit is the most preferable candidate for the 5G mobile system since it can achieve multi beam radiationpatterns at the array antenna, provide structural compactness and produce good multi beams.The BM circuit is typically built on a single dielectric substrate. However, in this single-substrate structure, the micro strip line connecting several circuit elements in the BM spans over a large area, resulting in significant feeding loss in the millimeter frequency band.In this study, a compact size circuit configuration of BM is proposed, where the original single-substrate structure is modified into a two-substrate stacking structure. The via-hole is designed to connect the two substrates with minimal path loss. The BM is built for the 28 GHz band with four inputs and four outputs.The phase delay is optimized using via-hole to produce the phase difference of ±45º and ±135º. The coupling for the hybrid is -3 dB, while the transmission coefficient of -6 ± 3 is achieved from the BM structure and, the return loss (Sii) for both input and output ports are less than -10 dB. The two-substrate BM is combined with the rectangular patch antenna and the via-hole patch antenna in a planar configuration of 0.5 λ0spacing to obtain the radiation patterns. When the Port 1 through Port 4 of the BM are fed, four beams are created, with peak gains of 11.2 dBi, 9.87 dBi, 10.2 dBi, and 11.7 dBi, respectively, towards +16°, -35°, +39°, and -12°. The analysis includes the radiation performance from the ideal value and from the BM input. Three-dimensional representations of good multibeam radiation patterns are obtained after each input signal of the BM is fed","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44259668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Confirmed Cases Forecasting in Malaysia Using Linear Regression and Holt's Winter Algorithm","authors":"H. Hasri, Siti Armiza Mohd Aris, Robiah Ahmad, Celia Shahnaz","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"The 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19)has emerged and is spreading rapidly over the world.Therefore, it may be highly significantto have the general population tested for COVID-19. There has been a rapid surge in the use of machine learning to combat COVID-19 in the past few years, owing to its ability to scale up quickly, its higher processing power, and the fact that it is more trustworthy than peoplein certainmedicaltasks. In this study, we comparedbetweentwo different models: the Holt’s Winter(HW)model and the Linear Regression (LR) model.To obtain the data set of COVID-19, we accessed the website of the Malaysian Ministry of Health.From January 24th, 2020, through July 31st, 2021, daily confirmed instances were documented and saved in Microsoft Excel. Case forecasts for the next 14 days were generated in the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA), and the accuracy of the forecasting models was measured by means of the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE).According to the lowest value of performance indicators, the best model is picked. The results of the comparison demonstrate that Holt's Winter showed betterforecasting outcome than the Linear Regression model. The obtainedresultdepicted the forecasted model can be further analyzed for the purpose of COVID-19 preparation and control.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45573966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration Involving the Community in Upgrading Water Intake in Kampung Bongol, Tamparuli, Sabah, Malaysia","authors":"S. F. Zakaria, M. Simon, N. Bolong","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.02.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.02.018","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on an important project to upgrade the water supply system for a rural area in Kampung Bongol, Tamparuli, Sabah, Malaysia, with exceptional involvement of the communities. This village is located approximately 60 km away from Kota Kinabalu town center, and the journey takes around two hours by car. Despite its remote location and the challenging geographical surroundings of mountains, the village is conveniently situated near an existing catchment area. However, this village's current water distribution setup relies on outdated and inadequate tools, systems, and facilities, leading to water scarcity issues, particularly during drought periods. To address this problem effectively, a sustainable design consisting of a mini dam and a ramp pump was developed and implemented in this study. Combining these two elements ensures the rapid filling of the storage distribution tank and the provision of clean water to the residents. One noteworthy feature of this project is the utilization of a 2-inch Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ramp pump, significantly reducing operational costs and eliminating theneed for fossil fuels. This design not only proves to be practical and sustainable but also encourages the active participation of the villagers. Despite financial constraints and technical challenges associated with the project's implementation in a remote location, the water upgrading initiative was completed within four months, thanks to the direct involvement of the community. As a result of this endeavour, a fully functional water distribution network using the newly designed system has been installed, ensuring a reliable water supply for the 200 villagers in Kampung Bongol.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45581406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19: Symptoms Clustering and Severity Classification Using Machine Learning Approach","authors":"Nurul Fathia Mohamand Noor, Herold Sylvestro Sipail, N. Ahmad, Bayram Annanurov, N. Mohd Noor","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is an extremely contagious illness that causes illnesses varying from either the common cold to more chronic illnesses or even death. The constant mutation of a new variant of COVID-19 makes it important to identify the symptom of COVID-19 in order to contain the infection. The use of clustering and classification in machine learning is in mainstream use in different aspects of research, especially in recent years to generate useful knowledge on COVID-19outbreak. Many researchers have shared their COVID-19 data on public database and a lot of studies have been carried out. However, the meritof the dataset is unknown and analysis need to be carried by the researchers to check on its reliability. The dataset that is used in thisworkwas sourced from the Kaggle website. The data wasobtained through a survey collected from participants of various gender and age who had been to at least ten countries.There are four levels of severity based on the COVID-19 symptom, which was developed in accordance to World Health Organization (WHO)and the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare recommendations. This paperpresented an inquiry on the dataset utilising supervised and unsupervised machine learning approaches in order to better comprehend the dataset.In this study, the analysisof the severity group based on theCOVID-19 symptomsusing supervised learning techniques employeda total of seven classifiers, namelythe K-NN, Linear SVM, Naive Bayes, Decision Tree (J48), Ada Boost, Bagging, and Stacking.For the unsupervised learning techniques, the clustering algorithm utilized in this work areSimple K-Means and Expectation-Maximization. From the result obtained from both supervised and unsupervised learning techniques, we observed that the result analysis yielded relatively poor classification and clustering results.The findings for the dataset analysed in this study donot appear to be providing the correctresult for the symptoms categorized against the severity levelwhich raises concerns about the validity and reliability of the dataset.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46795612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydraulic Conductivity of Mine Waste Treated Using Enzyme-Induced Calcite Precipitation Method Under Various Curing Conditions","authors":"J. Makinda, K. Kassim, M. A. Hezmi, Nuraishah binti Zakaria","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"The hydraulic conductivity of mine waste soil is considered moderately high attributed to the high percentage of pore spaces. One of the risks associated with this poor property ispossibleintrusion of contaminated acid drainage into the groundwater or river. Biocementation using enzyme-induced calcite precipitation is a relatively new, more inventive, and environmentally sustainable method compared to the other techniques in improving soil properties. However, limited available data on how this method can be applied in improving heavy-metal contaminated mining wastes. This paper summarizes the effectofthis treatment,includingdifferent cementation concentrations, degree of compaction, curing temperatures and curingdurations in reducing the hydraulic conductivity of mining waste. Results obtained indicate a greater effect of 1.0M compared to 0.5Mconcentration, a degree of compaction of 80% compared to 70%,acuring temperature of 25 °C compared to 15 °C and 5 °C, and immediate reaction effect after 1then slowed down after 3 and 7-day curing. When compared to control samples, the reduction in hydraulic conductivity ranged from75.66to 97.14%. The positive result is attained due to the production of calcite, CaCO3that biocemented the soil particles together and reduced the pore spaces, indicated by their content obtained,ranging from 2.0-5.15% in the treated soil. Visualimages through SEM and spectra of x-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of CaCO3in soil particles. This work contributedsignificantly to the study of the properties of copper mine tailings in Ranau, Sabah, including the first study on biocementation of copper mine tailings. The method couldbe used to reduce the hydraulic conductivity of mining waste soils contaminated with heavy metals. Various scenarios such as curing temperature, duration, cementation concentration and degree of compaction have been proposed to optimize the effectiveness of the treatment.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46800032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key Challenges and Strategies Towards Sustainable Infrastructure Development in Malaysia","authors":"N. Mustaffa, N. S. Nor Shahrudin, Mohd Feisal Hafiz Abdul Aziz, Aminuddin Mustaffa","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"The world is fixated on climate change because of its damageto the environment and the ripple effect it can have on people's health and the economy. This study aims to delve into research focusingon sustainable infrastructure development in Malaysia, as well as the main obstacles and approaches to taking on such a task. This study used a mixed-methods system, which allowed for the collectiona large amount of data and made it easy to compare results from different settings. The study found that more people are aware of sustainable impact assessment in infrastructure projects and familiar with resilient,sustainable development than sustainable performance evaluation. The studies also showed that the main problems in implementing sustainability include minimising adverse hazards, financial and budget investment issues, as well as inadequate governance and management. The proposed measures are broken down into monetary, institutional, and organisational themes. Possible steps toward a more sustainable infrastructure involve increasing green investment and financing, fostering green policies and environmental regulations, promoting green technologies and materials, andgrowing capacity through improved awareness andtraining. The findings of this study provide construction stakeholders with insight into an analysis of existing methodologies and strategies for integrating sustainable infrastructure development. Resolving obstacles and refining implementation tactics facilitated the effectiveness of the transformation towards a more sustainable infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45473926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Monitoring System for Assembly Line Operators Using RFID","authors":"Maisarah Hassan, Muhammad Rusydi Muhammad Razif, Dalila Misman, Ili Najaa Aimi Mohd Nordin","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.027","url":null,"abstract":"This project discussed monitoring system in an assembly line to monitor and track the performance of the operators in industries. Industry is an important workplace around the world including research and development, design, process, production, quality assurance and so on. A large number of jobs involve humans, and there are also parts that require humans to work using machines, especially operational workers or operators. There are many systems developed in the industry that involve the operator, some of them are to monitor the machining process, and some are to monitor and control the machine. Assembly line operator performance is a critical aspect that severely affects the overall production performance in any production nature. Non-productive time contributes to inequality in task distribution that often results in bottleneck points on a production line. Therefore, the non-productive time is considered as a waste of resources that has a relative impact on the production yield of an industry. In this project, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is used on the production line as a monitoring system so that it can help organizations to increase the performance of the working environment among all the employees as well as to achieve better production yield by reducing the non-productive time of assembly line operator.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135315256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Knowledge and Use of Speech Therapy Mobile Applications: Speech-Language Pathologists’ Perspectives in Malaysia","authors":"A. I. Kamaruddin, M. Masrom, Mohd Azmarul A Aziz, M. Garraffa, N. Mohd Noor","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Technology incorporation in speech therapy has been growing over the years. Mobile applications are among the adoptions that facilitate delivering speech therapy services. The situation in Malaysia is discouraging because there are not enough speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to serve the growing number of populations. Despite the abundance of available speech therapy mobile applications in the market, there is a lack of information focusing on the SLP’s knowledge and usage perspectives,especially inMalaysia.The objectives of this study are to describe the knowledge and usage perspectives of speech therapy mobile applications among SLPs in Malaysiaandto analyze the instructional features and functional features relationships within the perspectivesof SLPs.Surveys are established in three parts, with demographic questions in Part A, Likertscale responses for statements in Part B, and open-ended questions in Part C. This study is co-designed to relate to the results from an initial study that adopted PRISMA(PreferredReporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and features analysis. The data from the initial study includes a review of 161 apps out of 1797 that have been identified. Five instructional features and nine functional features are presented. There are 35 SLPs participatingin the survey. Their responses demonstrate evidence of SLPs’knowledge and usage of speechtherapy mobile applications.We will propose a conceptual framework for the features of speechtherapy mobile applications,using peoplewith aphasiaas a point of reference for users with speech and language disorders","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42029288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete with Special Quarry Dust","authors":"Amir Mohammad Alizada, Ehsanullah Waseem, Sakhiah Abdul Kudus, Zainorizuan Mohd Jaini","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"The cement composition of concrete directly affects the CO2emissions to the environment. UHPC (Ultra High-Performance Concrete) is a new type of concrete rapidly gaining popularity in the building industry due to its superior strength and endurance. In contrast to regular concrete, UHPC requires more than twice as much cement, making it more expensive and leaving a more significant carbon imprint. In this study, waste cement was substituted with 4%, 8%, and 12% special quarry dust from a manufacturer in Kuantan, Malaysia. Maximum compressive strength and quarry dust percentage are determined through experimentation and assessed in Design Expert Software. This investigation tested modified UHPC for strength, durability, and scanning electron microscope (SEM)appearance. Experiments show that substituting 21% quarry dust for cement yields the best outcomes. Since the particle size of quarry dust is finer than that of other matrices, it helps to reduce voids and boosts the UHPC's endurances. The quarry dust adds filler and a minor increase in viscosity to the UHPC, which is a better replacement for anhydrate cement in filler applications.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45487815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Smart Iot-Based Prototype System For Rehabilitation Monitoring","authors":"Mad Kaidi H., Izhar M.A.M., Ahmad N., Dziyauddin R.A., Sarip S., Mashudi N.A., N. Mohamed, Sakib Jalil, Alam Khan M.A.","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"Smart healthcare is growing significantly in the healthcare sector due to the Internet of Things. A remote monitoring system is one of the smart healthcare implementations for rehabilitating stroke patients. Nowadays, as the COVID-19 pandemic continues tospread, patients undergoing home rehabilitation have difficulty meeting with their physicians due to movement constraints. In addition, the healthcare facilities are devoted to treating patients with COVID-19. As a result, physicians and patients could not frequently meet to gather their rehabilitation progress. This study involves developing a prototype to monitor a post-stroke patient's rehabilitation process using the Arduino Nano 33 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and force-sensing resistor (FSR). The prototype analyzes critical aspects of the rehabilitation process based on handgrip, heart rate, sleep, and step tracking measurements. The results of the handgrip, heart rate, sleep, and step tracking measurements are evaluated for various types of subjects and six testing approaches showed an accurate and consistent results. However, experiments partially success with a small error is detected while tracking the steps of each subject. Several recommendations are highlighted to improve the prototype using othersensors such as force sensing resistor and flex sensor for handgrip force transducer, electromyogram (EMG) sensor for stroke-patients rehabilitation, and others.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49114863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}