25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY最新文献

{"title":"Preface: 25th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI 2018)","authors":"McDanielFloyd, GlassGary, DoyleBarney, AntolakArlyn, Wangyongqiang","doi":"10.1063/1.5127673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126993634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development status of the MYRRHA injector","authors":"H. Höltermann, B.Koubek, D. Koser, K. Kümpel, P. Müller, U. Ratzinger, M. Schwarz, W. Schweizer, Joerg Orboeck, M. Busch, H. Hähnel, H. Podlech, C. Angulo, J. Belmans, W. D. Cock, P. Faille, F. Davin, F. Doucet, A. Gatera, F. Pompon, D. Vandeplassche","doi":"10.1063/1.5127695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127695","url":null,"abstract":"The MYRRHA project aims at coupling a cw 600 MeV, 4 mA proton linac with a sub-critical reactor as the very first prototype nuclear reactor to be driven by a particle accelerator (ADS). Among several applications, MYRRHA main objective is to demonstrate the principle of partitioning and transmutation (P&T) as a viable solution to drastically reduce the radiotoxicity of long-life nuclear waste. For this purpose, the linac needs an unprecedented level of reliability in terms of allowable beam trips. The normal conducting injector delivers 16.6 MeV protons to the superconducting main linac. The first section of the injector (up to 5.9 MeV) consists of an ECR source, a 4-Rod-RFQ and a rebunching line followed by 7 individual CH-type cavities. This entire section will be set up and operated by SCK·CEN in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, for ample performance and reliability testing. The first CH cavity has been sent for power tests to IAP Frankfurt, Germany. The most recent status of all cavities, couplers and the beam diagnostics of the MYRRHA injector is presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115497563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using 19F(3He,t)19Ne*(γ) to study astrophysically important levels near the 18F+p threshold","authors":"M. Hall, D. Bardayan, S. Ahn, J. Allen, J. T. Anderson, A. D. Ayangeakaa, T. Baugher, J. Blackmon, D. Blankstein, S. Burcher, M. Carpenter, S. Cha, K. Chae, K. Chipps, J. Cizewski, M. Febbraro, B. Frentz, O. Hall, S. Henderson, J. Hu, C. Jiang, K. Jones, E. J. Lee, A. Lepailleur, D. S. Monteiro, P. O’Malley, S. Ota, S. Pain, B. Rasco, A. Ratkiewicz, J. Riggins, D. Santiago-Gonzalez, D. Seweryniak, A. Simon, H. Sims, Karl Smith, W. Tan, P. Thompson, C. Thornsberry, R. Torres-Isea, B. V. Kolk, R. Varner, D. Walter, G. Wilson, S. Zhu","doi":"10.1063/1.5127732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127732","url":null,"abstract":"A direct test of nova explosion models comes from the observation of γ rays created in the decay of radioactive isotopes produced in the nova. One such isotope, 18F, is believed to be the main source of observable γ rays at and below 511 keV. The main destruction mechanism of 18F is thought to be the 18F(p,α)15O reaction, and uncertainties in the reaction rate arise from uncertainties in the energies, spins, and parities of the nuclear levels in 19Ne above the 18F+p threshold. To measure the properties of these levels, the 19F(3He,t)19Ne∗(γ) reaction was studied at Argonne National Laboratory and the Nuclear Science Laboratory at the University of Notre Dame.A direct test of nova explosion models comes from the observation of γ rays created in the decay of radioactive isotopes produced in the nova. One such isotope, 18F, is believed to be the main source of observable γ rays at and below 511 keV. The main destruction mechanism of 18F is thought to be the 18F(p,α)15O reaction, and uncertainties in the reaction rate arise from uncertainties in the energies, spins, and parities of the nuclear levels in 19Ne above the 18F+p threshold. To measure the properties of these levels, the 19F(3He,t)19Ne∗(γ) reaction was studied at Argonne National Laboratory and the Nuclear Science Laboratory at the University of Notre Dame.","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"418 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120869696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of accelerator-based BNCT projects worldwide","authors":"Y. Kiyanagi, Y. Sakurai, H. Kumada, Hiroki Tanaka","doi":"10.1063/1.5127704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127704","url":null,"abstract":"Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of useful cancer treatments. So far, it has been performed at nuclear reactors, but many of these reactors have been shut down. Several accelerator based BNCT (A-BNCT) facilities have been constructed in recent years, and many are still under construction and planning, since it is usually very difficult to build a new nuclear reactor, especially in or near a hospital. In this review, A-BNCT facilities around the world are introduced.Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of useful cancer treatments. So far, it has been performed at nuclear reactors, but many of these reactors have been shut down. Several accelerator based BNCT (A-BNCT) facilities have been constructed in recent years, and many are still under construction and planning, since it is usually very difficult to build a new nuclear reactor, especially in or near a hospital. In this review, A-BNCT facilities around the world are introduced.","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124891013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The oklo natural fission reactors and improved limits on the variation in the fine structure constant","authors":"E. Davis","doi":"10.1063/1.5127735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127735","url":null,"abstract":"Many dynamical explanations for dark energy imply that the fine structure constant α, which determines the strength of electromagnetic interactions, could vary over cosmological time scales. There are intriguing hints, from absorption spectra of interstellar matter, that α may have been smaller in the distant past than it is today. As first pointed out by Shlyakhter (in the mid-1970s), Oklo data constrains shifts in neutron capture resonance energies over the time since the reactors were last active (about 1.8 billion years ago), and, hence, changes in interaction coupling strengths in the nuclear Hamiltonian like α. Following Shlyakhter’s lead, Damour and Dyson concluded (in a study conducted in the mid-1990s) that Oklo data on the absorption of neutrons by 149Sm limit the change in α to less than 0.1 parts per million (ppm) over the last 1.8 billion years. Model dependent considerations indicate that it is difficult to reconcile this upper bound with the behavior of α inferred from interstellar absorption spectra, but there is a tendency in the literature to ignore the Oklo-based limit because of the perception that the nuclear physics invoked in its derivation is fraught with substantial unquantifiable uncertainties. We have addressed these and other uncertainties using a more detailed model of the pertinent state in the compound nucleus 150Sm and an improved choice of nuclear parameters. Central to our calculations are the neutron, proton and charge densities near the surface of the excited 150Sm nucleus. In lieu of experimental data, we argue that the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis allows us to adapt the micro-canonical ensemble treatment of mononuclear configurations formed in heavy ion reactions to the determination of the surface properties of the 150Sm compound nucleus. Key inputs include a study of the energetics of surface diffuseness by Myers and Swiatecki and the leptodermous expansion of the level density parameter, as well as the representation of densities as deformed Fermi functions. In all, four models, tuned to reproduce nuclear data, are used to compute the sensitivity of the relevant 150Sm resonance energy to changes in α. We employ the mean of the four results and their standard deviation as our best estimate for the sensitivity and its uncertainty, respectively. Subject to a weak and testable restriction on the change in light quark masses over the last 1.8 billion years, we deduce that the change in α is less than 0.01 ppm (95% C.L.). This bound reinforces the idea that, of the many dark energy models which predict that fundamental constants do change, only those which suppress the variation of α in the presence of matter are phenomenologically acceptable.Many dynamical explanations for dark energy imply that the fine structure constant α, which determines the strength of electromagnetic interactions, could vary over cosmological time scales. There are intriguing hints, from absorption spectra of interstellar matter,","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123391456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrafast dissociation of CD2Cl2 and CH2Cl2","authors":"D. N. Vasconcelos, A. C. F. Santos, M. Macdonald, M. Sant'Anna, B. Tenorio, A. Rocha, V. Morcelle, N. Appathurai, L. Zuin","doi":"10.1063/1.5127724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127724","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the ultrafast dissociation following Cl 2p core–shell excitation into the 10a1* antibonding orbital in CH2Cl2 and CD2Cl2 molecules is studied. It is observed the presence of atomic Auger lines associated to the decay of dissociated Cl* atoms. The choice of CH2Cl2 and CD2Cl2 molecules to study the competition between the atomic and molecular Auger decays, allow us to probe nuclear dynamics and electron relaxation occurring on a comparable time scale, keeping other parameters identical.In this paper, the ultrafast dissociation following Cl 2p core–shell excitation into the 10a1* antibonding orbital in CH2Cl2 and CD2Cl2 molecules is studied. It is observed the presence of atomic Auger lines associated to the decay of dissociated Cl* atoms. The choice of CH2Cl2 and CD2Cl2 molecules to study the competition between the atomic and molecular Auger decays, allow us to probe nuclear dynamics and electron relaxation occurring on a comparable time scale, keeping other parameters identical.","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127923295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of ion implantation in CMOS scaling: A tutorial review","authors":"M. Current","doi":"10.1063/1.5127674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127674","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of this review frames the discussion over three time periods; (1) the 4 decades since the mid-1970’s with the introduction and growth of Si-based ICs, first as bipolar and then MOS devices, focusing on the MOS scaling models developed by Robert Dennard at IBM, (2) a brief look at scaling issues for bulk planar CMOS in the late 2000’s, as limits of gate length shrinks became major problems and (3) an examination of channel length and width scaling for fully-depleted CMOS in the last decade. This note concludes with a mention of the challenges to further scaling presented by line-edge roughness and quantum confinement for the industry-standard form of bulk finFETs.The structure of this review frames the discussion over three time periods; (1) the 4 decades since the mid-1970’s with the introduction and growth of Si-based ICs, first as bipolar and then MOS devices, focusing on the MOS scaling models developed by Robert Dennard at IBM, (2) a brief look at scaling issues for bulk planar CMOS in the late 2000’s, as limits of gate length shrinks became major problems and (3) an examination of channel length and width scaling for fully-depleted CMOS in the last decade. This note concludes with a mention of the challenges to further scaling presented by line-edge roughness and quantum confinement for the industry-standard form of bulk finFETs.","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115771356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of radiation effects in electronics of a hexapod robotic platform","authors":"M. Kazemeini, Jean Chagas Vaz, A. Barzilov","doi":"10.1063/1.5127720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127720","url":null,"abstract":"Gamma ray and neutron measurements are important at nuclear facilities. To enable remote sensing, robotic platforms are used to carry the radiation detectors. In a radiation environment, robots will be exposed to high doses which limits the platform’s operational time. Electronic components are affected the most and must be shielded. The tradeoff between shielding and capabilities of the robot can be made to achieve specific tasks during a required time period. The PhantomX hexapod was studied as a platform for the use of a CZT detector and a video camera in neutron and gamma fluxes. The stochastic radiation transport code FLUKA was used to calculate damage rates in electronic components of the system. The compact packaging of these components and the shielding design were determined to reduce radiation damage under dose conditions while keeping the optimal payload. Results of the computational study are discussed.Gamma ray and neutron measurements are important at nuclear facilities. To enable remote sensing, robotic platforms are used to carry the radiation detectors. In a radiation environment, robots will be exposed to high doses which limits the platform’s operational time. Electronic components are affected the most and must be shielded. The tradeoff between shielding and capabilities of the robot can be made to achieve specific tasks during a required time period. The PhantomX hexapod was studied as a platform for the use of a CZT detector and a video camera in neutron and gamma fluxes. The stochastic radiation transport code FLUKA was used to calculate damage rates in electronic components of the system. The compact packaging of these components and the shielding design were determined to reduce radiation damage under dose conditions while keeping the optimal payload. Results of the computational study are discussed.","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116367173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the St. Andre ion beam analysis facility at notre dame","authors":"S. McGuinness, J. Wilkinson, M. Tighe, A. Majumdar, B. Mulder, E. Stech, D. Robertson, G. Peaslee","doi":"10.1063/1.5127717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127717","url":null,"abstract":"A refurbished 3 MV tandem Pelletron® accelerator has been installed in the University of Notre Dame’s Nuclear Science Laboratory for the purpose of ion beam analysis applications. A modified Alphatross® ion source provides microAmps of H, He or both ions into the accelerator. Several high-energy beam lines are operational, which allow for internal and ex vacuo ion beam analyses. The external beam capability allows for gamma-ray (PIGE) and x-ray (PIXE) analyses to be conducted simultaneously on targets in atmosphere. Rutherford backscattering (RBS) analysis as well as PIXE can also be performed in a 30” scattering chamber. An overview of the new facility, its commissioning experiments and routine operating procedures will be presented together with some examples of ion beam analysis applications performed to date.A refurbished 3 MV tandem Pelletron® accelerator has been installed in the University of Notre Dame’s Nuclear Science Laboratory for the purpose of ion beam analysis applications. A modified Alphatross® ion source provides microAmps of H, He or both ions into the accelerator. Several high-energy beam lines are operational, which allow for internal and ex vacuo ion beam analyses. The external beam capability allows for gamma-ray (PIGE) and x-ray (PIXE) analyses to be conducted simultaneously on targets in atmosphere. Rutherford backscattering (RBS) analysis as well as PIXE can also be performed in a 30” scattering chamber. An overview of the new facility, its commissioning experiments and routine operating procedures will be presented together with some examples of ion beam analysis applications performed to date.","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"246 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123348631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a portable neutron generator based on inertial electrostatic confinement D-D fusion reaction","authors":"M. Bakr, K. Masuda, Masaya Yoshida","doi":"10.1063/1.5127679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127679","url":null,"abstract":"We are developing, the first of its type, a portable active interrogation system for special nuclear materials (SNMs) detection such as U-235 and Pu-239. The system is based on the recently developed technique, threshold energy neutron analysis (TENA) method. Mandatory aspects for the neutron generator to be used for on-site inspection as well as for container screening at ports of entry is intense neutron as 5×107 n/s neutron yield in a very compact configuration such as ∼25 cm diameter, 60 cm height, and lightweight ∼30 kg. The criteria mentioned above are matching the neutron generator based on the D-D fusion reaction from Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) fusion device. Two prototypes of the DD-IEC fusion device, with 17 cm anode diameter, have been designed, fabricated and tested. The anode of the first device was made from stainless steel, while titanium was chosen to build the second version. The cathode for both versions was made from molybdenum with 6 cm diameter. High voltage and current are required to achieve the target neutron yield from the compact configuration. To cope with that, we used a developed technique called a multistage feedthrough method to enable applying higher voltage and current, up to 120 kV and 300 mA, in a compact configuration. The neutron production rate (NPR) achieved from the 1st prototype was ∼2.8×107 n/s by applying 70 kV and 150 mA, and from the 2nd prototype was 8.9×107 n/s, by applying 75 kV and 70 mA current, which exceeds the target NPR designed for the SNMs interrogation system. The technical developments and challenges to construct and operate the prototypes of the DD-IEC fusion device are discussed together with the experimental results for the NPR measurements.We are developing, the first of its type, a portable active interrogation system for special nuclear materials (SNMs) detection such as U-235 and Pu-239. The system is based on the recently developed technique, threshold energy neutron analysis (TENA) method. Mandatory aspects for the neutron generator to be used for on-site inspection as well as for container screening at ports of entry is intense neutron as 5×107 n/s neutron yield in a very compact configuration such as ∼25 cm diameter, 60 cm height, and lightweight ∼30 kg. The criteria mentioned above are matching the neutron generator based on the D-D fusion reaction from Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) fusion device. Two prototypes of the DD-IEC fusion device, with 17 cm anode diameter, have been designed, fabricated and tested. The anode of the first device was made from stainless steel, while titanium was chosen to build the second version. The cathode for both versions was made from molybdenum with 6 cm diameter. High voltage and current ...","PeriodicalId":141750,"journal":{"name":"25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127258083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}